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Analysis of Phenolic Components and Related Biological Activities of 35 Apple (Malus pumila Mill.) Cultivars.

ABSTRACT: Apple (Malus pumila Mill.) is a popular fruit with high economic values and various biological activities that are beneficial to human health. In this study, 35 apple cultivars were collected and were evaluated for their basic quality indexes, phenolic compositions, antioxidant activity, anti-tumour, and anti-diabetic activities. The compositions of phenolics were detected by using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and high-resolution mass spectroscopy (HRMS) assays. The antioxidant activities of peel and pulp extracts from 35 apple cultivars were evaluated by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging assay and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. Results showed that the contents of phenolic acids and proanthocyanidins showed significant correlations with the antioxidant activities. Phenolic-rich extracts significantly inhibited HepG2 cell proliferation, with the inhibition activity varied significantly between cultivars. 'Gold Delicious' pulp extract, 'Xiboliyabaidian' peel and pulp extracts showed protective effects on H2O2-induced injury of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). 'Red Fuji' peel extract, 'Xiboliyabaidian' peel and pulp extracts, as well as 'Gold Delicious' peel extract, significantly increased glucose consumption of HepG2 cells, in a dose-dependent manner. This research may provide theoretical guidance for further nutritional investigation of the apple resources.

SUBMITTER: Liang X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7571092 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Analysis of Phenolic Components and Related Biological Activities of 35 Apple (<i>Malus pumila</i> Mill.) Cultivars.

Liang Xiao X Zhu Tailin T Yang Sijia S Li Xin X Song Bo B Wang Yue Y Lin Qiong Q Cao Jinping J

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) 20200910 18

Apple (<i>Malus pumila</i> Mill.) is a popular fruit with high economic values and various biological activities that are beneficial to human health. In this study, 35 apple cultivars were collected and were evaluated for their basic quality indexes, phenolic compositions, antioxidant activity, anti-tumour, and anti-diabetic activities. The compositions of phenolics were detected by using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and high-resolution mass spectroscopy (HRMS) assays. The antio ...[more]

PMID: 32927909

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Project description:BACKGROUND AND AIMS: It has been previously shown that abscission of apple fruitlets is preceded by an increase in ethylene evolution and in the amount of transcripts for 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase (ACO), an enzyme catalysing the final step in ethylene biosynthesis. These events are concomitant with shedding induction and chemical thinning. There are several thinners but their mode of action and efficacy is poorly understood. One of them is benzylaminopurine (BA), a cytokinin believed to act by enhancing vegetative activity and stressing the competition between shoots and fruitlets, thus leading to fruitlet shedding. Nevertheless, the specific mechanism of action of BA and the variable effect depending on apple cultivar (easy or difficult to thin) are poorly understood. METHODS: Abscission, the amount of MdACO1 transcripts and other parameters were followed in immature apple fruits during the period of physiological drop. The cultivars studied were 'Golden Delicious' and the 'spur' type 'Red Delicious'. BA was used as a thinning agent and was sprayed 14 d after petal fall (DAPF). Fruitlets were divided into central (C) and lateral (L) fruitlet populations. KEY RESULTS: Fruitlet size was significantly different between C and L fruitlets but it did not differ much between the populations within the same cultivar. C fruitlets were characterized by basal ethylene evolution while L fruitlets displayed an increase in hormone biosynthesis during abscission induction. Cluster composition evaluated by the L/C ratio differed in the two varieties, being almost unchanged throughout abscission induction in 'Golden Delicious' and progressively decreasing in 'Red Delicious'. Shoot growth activity evaluated at the end of the season indicated a possible connection with both the ongoing abscission and BA application. MDACO1 transcripts were mainly detected in L fruitlets and the accumulation was related to total abscission in 'Golden Delicious', while in 'Red Delicious' expression was observed in both C and L fruitlets. CONCLUSIONS: BA probably exerts its thinning effect through vegetative growth. In the 'spur' type 'Red Delicious' the chemical is ineffective, probably due to a limited action on shoot growth due to genetic characteristics. The amount of MdACO1 transcripts in seeds is a good indicator of abscission.

Dataset Information

Analysis of Phenolic Components and Related Biological Activities of 35 Apple (Malus pumila Mill.) Cultivars.

Publications

Analysis of Phenolic Components and Related Biological Activities of 35 Apple (<i>Malus pumila</i> Mill.) Cultivars.

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