Dataset Information

Phylogenetic Diversity and Physiological Roles of Plant Monovalent Cation/H+ Antiporters.

ABSTRACT: The processes of plant nutrition, stress tolerance, plant growth, and development are strongly dependent on transport of mineral nutrients across cellular membranes. Plant membrane transporters are key components of these processes. Among various membrane transport proteins, the monovalent cation proton antiporter (CPA) superfamily mediates a broad range of physiological and developmental processes such as ion and pH homeostasis, development of reproductive organs, chloroplast operation, and plant adaptation to drought and salt stresses. CPA family includes plasma membrane-bound Na+/H+ exchanger (NhaP) and intracellular Na+/H+ exchanger NHE (NHX), K+ efflux antiporter (KEA), and cation/H+ exchanger (CHX) family proteins. In this review, we have completed the phylogenetic inventory of CPA transporters and undertaken a comprehensive evolutionary analysis of their development. Compared with previous studies, we have significantly extended the range of plant species, including green and red algae and Acrogymnospermae into phylogenetic analysis. Our data suggest that the multiplication and complexation of CPA isoforms during evolution is related to land colonisation by higher plants and associated with an increase of different tissue types and development of reproductive organs. The new data extended the number of clades for all groups of CPAs, including those for NhaP/SOS, NHE/NHX, KEA, and CHX. We also critically evaluate the latest findings on the biological role, physiological functions and regulation of CPA transporters in relation to their structure and phylogenetic position. In addition, the role of CPA members in plant tolerance to various abiotic stresses is summarized, and the future priority directions for CPA studies in plants are discussed.

SUBMITTER: Isayenkov SV

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7573149 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Phylogenetic Diversity and Physiological Roles of Plant Monovalent Cation/H<sup>+</sup> Antiporters.

Isayenkov Stanislav V SV Dabravolski Siarhei A SA Pan Ting T Shabala Sergey S

Frontiers in plant science 20201006

The processes of plant nutrition, stress tolerance, plant growth, and development are strongly dependent on transport of mineral nutrients across cellular membranes. Plant membrane transporters are key components of these processes. Among various membrane transport proteins, the monovalent cation proton antiporter (CPA) superfamily mediates a broad range of physiological and developmental processes such as ion and pH homeostasis, development of reproductive organs, chloroplast operation, and pla ...[more]

PMID: 33123183

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Project description:Cation transport is a critical process in all organisms and is essential for mineral nutrition, ion stress tolerance, and signal transduction. Transporters that are members of the Ca(2+)/cation antiporter (CaCA) superfamily are involved in the transport of Ca(2+) and/or other cations using the counter exchange of another ion such as H(+) or Na(+). The CaCA superfamily has been previously divided into five transporter families: the YRBG, Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger (NCX), Na(+)/Ca(2+), K(+) exchanger (NCKX), H(+)/cation exchanger (CAX), and cation/Ca(2+) exchanger (CCX) families, which include the well-characterized NCX and CAX transporters. To examine the evolution of CaCA transporters within higher plants and the green plant lineage, CaCA genes were identified from the genomes of sequenced flowering plants, a bryophyte, lycophyte, and freshwater and marine algae, and compared with those from non-plant species. We found evidence of the expansion and increased diversity of flowering plant genes within the CAX and CCX families. Genes related to the NCX family are present in land plant though they encode distinct MHX homologs which probably have an altered transport function. In contrast, the NCX and NCKX genes which are absent in land plants have been retained in many species of algae, especially the marine algae, indicating that these organisms may share "animal-like" characteristics of Ca(2+) homeostasis and signaling. A group of genes encoding novel CAX-like proteins containing an EF-hand domain were identified from plants and selected algae but appeared to be lacking in any other species. Lack of functional data for most of the CaCA proteins make it impossible to reliably predict substrate specificity and function for many of the groups or individual proteins. The abundance and diversity of CaCA genes throughout all branches of life indicates the importance of this class of cation transporter, and that many transporters with novel functions are waiting to be discovered.

Dataset Information

Phylogenetic Diversity and Physiological Roles of Plant Monovalent Cation/H+ Antiporters.

Publications

Phylogenetic Diversity and Physiological Roles of Plant Monovalent Cation/H<sup>+</sup> Antiporters.

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