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Prevalent and sex-biased breathing patterns modify functional connectivity MRI in young adults.

ABSTRACT: Resting state functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a tool for investigating human brain organization. Here we identify, visually and algorithmically, two prevalent influences on fMRI signals during 440?h of resting state scans in 440 healthy young adults, both caused by deviations from normal breathing which we term deep breaths and bursts. The two respiratory patterns have distinct influences on fMRI signals and signal covariance, distinct timescales, distinct cardiovascular correlates, and distinct tendencies to manifest by sex. Deep breaths are not sex-biased. Bursts, which are serial taperings of respiratory depth typically spanning minutes at a time, are more common in males. Bursts share features of chemoreflex-driven clinical breathing patterns that also occur primarily in males, with notable neurological, psychiatric, medical, and lifespan associations. These results identify common breathing patterns in healthy young adults with distinct influences on functional connectivity and an ability to differentially influence resting state fMRI studies.

SUBMITTER: Lynch CJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7576607 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Prevalent and sex-biased breathing patterns modify functional connectivity MRI in young adults.

Lynch Charles J CJ Silver Benjamin M BM Dubin Marc J MJ Martin Alex A Voss Henning U HU Jones Rebecca M RM Power Jonathan D JD

Nature communications 20201020 1

Resting state functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a tool for investigating human brain organization. Here we identify, visually and algorithmically, two prevalent influences on fMRI signals during 440 h of resting state scans in 440 healthy young adults, both caused by deviations from normal breathing which we term deep breaths and bursts. The two respiratory patterns have distinct influences on fMRI signals and signal covariance, distinct timescales, distinct cardiovasc ...[more]

PMID: 33082311

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Epidemiologic studies have demonstrated associations between acetaminophen use and asthma. This investigation sought to determine whether sex modifies the acetaminophen-asthma association and whether leptin (LEP) and leptin receptor (LEPR) gene polymorphisms modulate the sex-specific associations. METHODS:Data from the Isle of Wight birth cohort (IOW; n?=?1456, aged 18 years) and Kuwait University Allergy (KUA; n?=?1154, aged 18-26 years) studies were analyzed. Acetaminophen use and current asthma were self-reported. Genotype information for eighteen polymorphisms in LEP and LEPR genes were available in the IOW study. Associations between acetaminophen use and asthma were stratified by sex and genotype. Poisson regression models with robust variance estimation were evaluated to estimate adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS:Acetaminophen use was dose-dependently associated with an increased prevalence of current asthma in the IOW and KUA studies. In both studies, sex-stratified analysis showed that acetaminophen use was associated with asthma among males, but not in females (Pinteraction?<? 0.05). Moreover, a sex- and genotype-stratified analysis of the IOW data indicated that acetaminophen was associated with asthma to a similar extent among males and females carrying two common alleles of LEPR polymorphisms. In contrast, among those carrying at least one copy of the minor allele of LEPR polymorphisms, the magnitude of association between acetaminophen use and asthma was pronounced among males (aPR?=?6.83, 95% CI: 2.87-16.24), but not among females (aPR?=?1.22, 95% CI: 0.61-2.45). CONCLUSIONS:The identified sex-related effect modification of the acetaminophen-asthma association varied across LEPR genotypes, indicating that the sex-specific association was confined to individuals with certain genetic susceptibility. If the acetaminophen-asthma association is causal, then our findings will aid susceptibility-based stratification of at-risk individuals and augment preventive public health efforts.

Dataset Information

Prevalent and sex-biased breathing patterns modify functional connectivity MRI in young adults.

Publications

Prevalent and sex-biased breathing patterns modify functional connectivity MRI in young adults.

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