Dataset Information

Glycemic Variability and Hypoglycemic Excursions With Continuous Glucose Monitoring Compared to Intermittently Scanned Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Adults With Highest Risk Type 1 Diabetes.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:The I-HART CGM study has shown that real-time continuous glucose monitoring (rtCGM) has greater beneficial impact on hypoglycemia than intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (iscCGM) in adults with type 1 diabetes at high risk (Gold score ?4 or recent severe hypoglycemia using insulin injections). In this subanalysis, we present the impact of rtCGM and iscCGM on glycemic variability (GV). METHODS:Forty participants were recruited to this parallel group study. Following two weeks of blinded rtCGM (DexcomG4), participants were randomized to rtCGM (Dexcom G5; n = 20) or iscCGM (Freestyle Libre; n = 20) for eight weeks. An open-extension phase enabled participants on rtCGM to continue for a further eight weeks and those on iscCGM to switch to rtCGM over this period. Glycemic variability measures at baseline, 8- and 16-week endpoints were compared between groups. RESULTS:At the eight-week endpoint, between-group differences demonstrated significant reduction in several GV measures with rtCGM compared to iscCGM (GRADE%hypoglycemia, index of glycemic control [IGC], and average daily risk range [ADRR]; P < .05). Intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring reduced mean average glucose and glycemic variability percentage and GRADE%hyperglycemia compared with rtCGM (P < .05). At 16 weeks, the iscCGM group switching to rtCGM showed significant improvement in GRADE%hypoglycemia, personal glycemic status, IGC, and ADRR. CONCLUSION:Our data suggest most, but not all, GV measures improve with rtCGM compared with iscCGM, particularly those measures associated with the risk of hypoglycemia. Selecting appropriate glucose monitoring technology to address GV in this high-risk cohort is important to minimize the risk of glucose extremes and severe hypoglycemia. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION:ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03028220.

SUBMITTER: Avari P

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7576953 | biostudies-literature | 2020 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Glycemic Variability and Hypoglycemic Excursions With Continuous Glucose Monitoring Compared to Intermittently Scanned Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Adults With Highest Risk Type 1 Diabetes.

Avari Parizad P Moscardo Vanessa V Jugnee Narvada N Oliver Nick N Reddy Monika M

Journal of diabetes science and technology 20190802 3

<h4>Background</h4>The I-HART CGM study has shown that real-time continuous glucose monitoring (rtCGM) has greater beneficial impact on hypoglycemia than intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (iscCGM) in adults with type 1 diabetes at high risk (Gold score ≥4 or recent severe hypoglycemia using insulin injections). In this subanalysis, we present the impact of rtCGM and iscCGM on glycemic variability (GV).<h4>Methods</h4>Forty participants were recruited to this parallel group stu ...[more]

PMID: 31375042

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Project description:BackgroundAdvances in diabetes technology have been exponential in the last few decades. With evolution in continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems and its progressive automation in control of insulin delivery, these advances have changed type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) management. These novel technologies have the potential to improve glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), reduce hypoglycaemic events, increase time spent in range and improve quality of life (QoL). Our aim was to evaluate the sustained effects in free-living unsupervised conditions of CGM systems (intermittently scanned and real time) and insulin delivery [from multiple daily injections, via sensor-augmented pump therapy and (predictive) low-glucose insulin suspension to hybrid closed-loop systems] on glucose control and QoL in adults and children with T1DM.MethodsWe performed a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), using PubMed and the Cochrane library up to 30 May 2019. Inclusion of RCTs was based on type of intervention (comparing glucose-monitoring devices and insulin-delivery devices), population (nonpregnant adults and children with T1DM), follow-up (outpatient setting for at least 8 weeks) and relevant outcomes [HbA1c, time in range (TIR), time in target, time in hypoglycaemia and QoL]. Exclusion of RCTs was based on intervention (exercise, only overnight use). The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were used to score the quality of the papers and for the final selection of the articles.ResultsOur search resulted in 214 articles, of which 19 were eligible. Studies on advanced use in adults and children with T1DM reported increased TIR (all 9 studies); decreased time in hypoglycaemia (13 out of 15 studies); lowered HbA1c levels (5 out of 15 studies); improved QoL (10 of 16 studies) and treatment satisfaction (7 studies).ConclusionsRecent technologies have dramatically changed the course of T1DM. They are proving useful in controlling glycaemia in patients with T1DM, without increasing the treatment burden.

Project description:Tight glycemic control can potentially reduce morbidity and mortality in the intensive care unit but increases the risk of hypoglycemia. The most effective means to avoid hypoglycemia is to obtain frequent blood glucose samples, but this increases the burden to nursing staff. The objective of this study was to assess the ability of a real-time continuous glucose monitor to reduce hypoglycemia (blood glucose <60 mg/dL [3.3 mmol/L]) during standard care or tight glycemic control effected with a proportional integral derivative insulin titration algorithm.Real-time continuous glucose monitor profiles obtained from an ongoing prospective randomized trial of tight glycemic control were retrospectively analyzed to determine whether the continuous glucose measure had prevented instances of hypoglycemia.Cardiac intensive care unit.Children 3 yrs of age or younger undergoing cardiac surgery were studied.Intravenous insulin infusion and rescue glucose guided by the real-time continuous glucose monitor and the proportional integral derivative algorithm in the tight glycemic control arm (n = 155; target glucose 80-110 mg/dL [4.4-6.1 mmol/L]) and the real-time continuous glucose monitor in the standard care arm (n = 156).No reduction in hypoglycemia was observed with real-time continuous glucose monitor alarms set at 60 mg/dL (3.3 mmol/L) (zero of 19 occurrences of blood glucose <60 mg/dL [3.3 mmol/L] detected); 18 of 40 subsequent incidences of hypoglycemia were detected after the alarm threshold was increased to 70 mg/dL (3.9 mmol/L). In the tight glycemic control arm, eight incidences were reduced in duration and an additional eight events were prevented with intravenous glucose. In the standard care arm, three of nine occurrences of hypoglycemia were detected with the duration reduced in all cases. On average, one to two false hypoglycemia alarms were observed in each patient.The real-time continuous glucose monitor in combination with proportional integral derivative control can reduce hypoglycemia during tight glycemic control. The real-time continuous glucose monitor can also reduce hypoglycemia during standard care. However, false alarms increase the overall nursing workload.

Dataset Information

Glycemic Variability and Hypoglycemic Excursions With Continuous Glucose Monitoring Compared to Intermittently Scanned Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Adults With Highest Risk Type 1 Diabetes.

Publications

Glycemic Variability and Hypoglycemic Excursions With Continuous Glucose Monitoring Compared to Intermittently Scanned Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Adults With Highest Risk Type 1 Diabetes.

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