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Influence of sex on the association between body mass index and frequency of upper gastrointestinal symptoms.

ABSTRACT: Background and Aim:Upper gastrointestinal symptoms (UGSs), including reflux and dyspeptic symptoms (postprandial distress syndrome [PDS] and epigastric pain syndrome [EPS]), affect health-related quality of life. However, the influence of sex on the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and UGSs remains controversial. This study investigates the influence of sex on this association in healthy subjects. Methods and Results:We utilized the database of a prospective, multicenter, cohort study of 7112 subjects who underwent upper endoscopy for health screening. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the association between BMI and UGSs stratified by sex, adjusting for clinical features. The influence of sex on the association between the overlapping of UGSs and BMI in symptomatic subjects was also investigated. Reflux symptoms were significantly associated with high BMI (multivariable odds ratio [OR] 1.36; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.10-1.67, P = 0.004). PDS symptoms were significantly associated with low BMI (OR 2.37; 95% CI 1.70-3.25; P?

SUBMITTER: Ogisu K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7578286 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Influence of sex on the association between body mass index and frequency of upper gastrointestinal symptoms.

Ogisu Kyohei K Masuda Atsuhiro A Fujita Tsuyoshi T Yamazaki Yukinao Y Kobayashi Masao M Terao Shuichi S Sanuki Tsuyoshi T Okada Akihiko A Adachi Masayasu M Arisaka Yoshifumi Y Miyazaki Haruka H Yoshinaka Hayato H Kutsumi Hiromu H Umegaki Eiji E Kodama Yuzo Y

JGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology 20200605 5

<h4>Background and aim</h4>Upper gastrointestinal symptoms (UGSs), including reflux and dyspeptic symptoms (postprandial distress syndrome [PDS] and epigastric pain syndrome [EPS]), affect health-related quality of life. However, the influence of sex on the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and UGSs remains controversial. This study investigates the influence of sex on this association in healthy subjects.<h4>Methods and results</h4>We utilized the database of a prospective, multicenter ...[more]

PMID: 33102767

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Project description:Background/objectivesThe brain has a central role in regulating ingestive behavior in obesity. Analogous to addiction behaviors, an imbalance in the processing of rewarding and salient stimuli results in maladaptive eating behaviors that override homeostatic needs. We performed network analysis based on graph theory to examine the association between body mass index (BMI) and network measures of integrity, information flow and global communication (centrality) in reward, salience and sensorimotor regions and to identify sex-related differences in these parameters.Subjects/methodsStructural and diffusion tensor imaging were obtained in a sample of 124 individuals (61 males and 63 females). Graph theory was applied to calculate anatomical network properties (centrality) for regions of the reward, salience and sensorimotor networks. General linear models with linear contrasts were performed to test for BMI and sex-related differences in measures of centrality, while controlling for age.ResultsIn both males and females, individuals with high BMI (obese and overweight) had greater anatomical centrality (greater connectivity) of reward (putamen) and salience (anterior insula) network regions. Sex differences were observed both in individuals with normal and elevated BMI. In individuals with high BMI, females compared to males showed greater centrality in reward (amygdala, hippocampus and nucleus accumbens) and salience (anterior mid-cingulate cortex) regions, while males compared to females had greater centrality in reward (putamen) and sensorimotor (posterior insula) regions.ConclusionsIn individuals with increased BMI, reward, salience and sensorimotor network regions are susceptible to topological restructuring in a sex-related manner. These findings highlight the influence of these regions on integrative processing of food-related stimuli and increased ingestive behavior in obesity, or in the influence of hedonic ingestion on brain topological restructuring. The observed sex differences emphasize the importance of considering sex differences in obesity pathophysiology.

Project description:BackgroundMuscle quality (i.e., the expression of muscle function per unit of muscle mass) has been proposed as a clinically-relevant measure to detect individuals at risk of functional incapacity. Individuals with obesity might be at an increased risk of having poor muscle quality. Thus, we aimed to analyze the prevalence of poor muscle quality in obese individuals, to determine associated variables, and to provide normative values for this population.Methods203 individuals with obesity (103 women, age: 18-75 years, body mass index (BMI): 35-64 kg·m- 2) participated in this cross-sectional study. Their muscle strength (handgrip dynamometry), muscle power (sit-to-stand test) and muscle mass (bioelectrical impedance analysis) were measured, and muscle quality (strength/power to muscle mass ratio) was compared with reference values obtained in young healthy individuals. Muscle quality was individually categorized as normal, low or poor based on specific muscle strength and power (i.e., strength and power per unit of muscle mass, respectively). Sex and age-specific normative values of specific muscle strength and power were computed for the whole cohort.ResultsAge and being a woman were inversely associated with specific muscle strength, with age being also inversely associated with specific muscle power. A small proportion of participants (6%) presented with an impaired (i.e., low/poor) specific muscle power while most of them (96%) had impaired specific muscle strength. Eventually, 84% of the participants were deemed to have poor muscle quality. Being a woman (odds ratio [OR]: 18.09, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 4.07-80.38), age (OR: 1.06, 95%CI: 1.03-1.10) and BMI (OR: 1.22, 95%CI: 1.07-1.38) were independently associated with a higher risk of poor muscle quality in adjusted analyses.ConclusionsThese findings show a high prevalence of poor muscle quality among individuals with obesity, with age, sex and BMI being independent predictors.

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Influence of sex on the association between body mass index and frequency of upper gastrointestinal symptoms.

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Influence of sex on the association between body mass index and frequency of upper gastrointestinal symptoms.

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