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Associations of parents' use of food as reward with children's eating behaviour and BMI in a population-based cohort.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Parents' use of food as reward has been linked to children's dietary intake, but the association with children's eating behaviour and overweight risk is less clear. OBJECTIVES:To examine the temporal association of using food as reward with eating behaviour, body mass index (BMI) and weight status of children. METHODS:Participants were 3642 children of the population-based Generation R Study in the Netherlands (8.3% overweight/obese). Repeated assessments were collected at child ages 4 and 9?years, including measured anthropometrics and parent reports on feeding practises and eating behaviour. RESULTS:Linear regressions and cross-lagged models indicated that parents' use of food as reward at child age 4?years predicted Emotional Overeating and Picky Eating at age 9?years. Reversely, higher Emotional Overeating and Food Responsiveness scores were associated with more use of food as reward over time. Using food as reward was not associated with children's satiety response, BMI or overweight risk. CONCLUSIONS:A vicious cycle may appear in which children who display food approach behaviour are rewarded with food by their parents, which in turn might contribute to the development of unhealthy eating habits (emotional eating, fussiness). These findings warrant further research, to facilitate evidence-based recommendations for parents.

SUBMITTER: Jansen PW

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7583369 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Associations of parents' use of food as reward with children's eating behaviour and BMI in a population-based cohort.

Jansen Pauline W PW Derks Ivonne P M IPM Mou Yuchan Y van Rijen Elisabeth H M EHM Gaillard Romy R Micali Nadia N Voortman Trudy T Hillegers Manon H J MHJ

Pediatric obesity 20200616 11

<h4>Background</h4>Parents' use of food as reward has been linked to children's dietary intake, but the association with children's eating behaviour and overweight risk is less clear.<h4>Objectives</h4>To examine the temporal association of using food as reward with eating behaviour, body mass index (BMI) and weight status of children.<h4>Methods</h4>Participants were 3642 children of the population-based Generation R Study in the Netherlands (8.3% overweight/obese). Repeated assessments were co ...[more]

PMID: 32548949

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Neurobehavioral factors, including reward-related eating and self-regulation, in conjunction with the food environment, may influence dietary behaviors. However, these constructs have not been examined in pregnancy and postpartum, a time of changing appetite and eating behaviors, and when dietary intake has implications for maternal and child health. This study examined associations of reward-related eating, self-regulation, and the home food environment with pregnancy and postpartum diet quality. METHODS:Participants in the Pregnancy Eating Attributes Study observational cohort were enrolled at ?12?weeks gestation and followed through one-year postpartum. Pregnancy and postpartum Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-total), and adequacy and moderation scores, respectively, were calculated by pooling 24-h diet recalls administered each trimester and during 2, 6, and 12?months postpartum. Participants completed four measures of reward-related eating - Modified Yale Food Addiction Scale (mYFAS), Power of Food Scale (PFS), Multiple Choice Procedure (MCP), and Reinforcing Value of Food Questionnaire (RVFQ); two measures of self-regulation - Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS) and Delay of Gratification Inventory (DGI); and a Home Food Inventory (HFI), yielding obesogenic (OBES) and fruit/vegetables (FV) scores. Linear regression analyses estimated associations of reward-related eating, self-regulation, and home food environment with diet quality during pregnancy and postpartum, adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics. RESULTS:Pregnancy HEI-total was inversely associated with PFS (??=?-?0.14?±?0.05, p?=?0.009), mYFAS(??=?-?0.14?±?0.06, p?=?0.02), 2 of the 5 RVFQ indices, MCP (??=?-?0.14?±?0.05, p?=?0.01), and DGI food subscale (??=?0.23?±?0.05, p?<?0.001), but associations of postpartum HEI-total with reward-related eating measures and self-regulation were small and not statistically significant. Pregnancy and postpartum HEI-total were associated inversely with HFI-OBES (??=?-?0.17?±?0.06, p?=?0.004 and ??=?-?0.19?±?0.07, p?=?0.006, respectively), and positively with HFI-FV (??=?0.21?±?0.05, p?<?0.001 and ??=?0.17?±?0.06, p?=?0.009, respectively). CONCLUSIONS:Associations of poorer diet quality with greater reward-related eating during pregnancy but not postpartum suggests the need to better understand differences in the determinants of eating behaviors and approaches to circumvent or moderate reward-related eating to facilitate more optimal diet quality across this critical period. TRIAL REGISTRATION:Clinicaltrials.gov . URL - Registration ID - NCT02217462 . Date of registration - August 13, 2014.

Dataset Information

Associations of parents' use of food as reward with children's eating behaviour and BMI in a population-based cohort.

Publications

Associations of parents' use of food as reward with children's eating behaviour and BMI in a population-based cohort.

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