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Comparison of volatile organic compound profiles in exhaled breath versus plasma headspace in different diseases.

ABSTRACT: Breath analysis is the study of volatile organic compounds (VOC's) in exhaled breath. This analysis provides information on the body's condition. In this study we investigated the relationship between 22 VOC's detected in exhaled breath and plasma headspace using a selected ion flow tube mass spectrometer (SYFT-MS). We compared pairs of exhaled breath and plasma samples from patients with pulmonary hypertension inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and IBD patients after J-pouch surgery (pouch group). Half of the measured VOC's from exhaled breath were significantly associated with the VOC's from plasma headspace. Interestingly, six breath VOC's (trimethyl amine (FDR p = 0.02), hydrogen sulfide (FDR p = 7.64 × 10^-30), ethanol (FDR p = 1.56 × 10^-4), dimethyl sulfide (FDR p = 5.70 × 10^-19), benzene (FDR p = 8.40 × 10^-27), and acetaldehyde (FDR p = 4.27 × 10^-17)) and two plasma headspace VOC's (1-Octene (FDR p = 0.02) and 2-propanol (FDR p = 2.47 × 10^-9)) were able to differentiate between the three groups. Breath and plasma headspace share a similar signature with significant association in half of the measured VOCs. The disease discriminatory capacity of breath and plasma headspace appear to be different. Therefore, using the VOC's print from both breath and plasma headspace may better help diagnose patients.

SUBMITTER: Grove D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7583492 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:ImportanceThe detection and quantification of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) within exhaled breath have evolved gradually for the diagnosis of cancer. The overall diagnostic accuracy of proposed tests remains unknown.ObjectivesTo determine the diagnostic accuracy of VOC breath tests for the detection of cancer and to review sources of methodologic variability.Data sourcesAn electronic search (title and abstract) was performed using the Embase and MEDLINE databases (January 1, 2000, to May 28, 2017) through the OVID platform. The search terms cancer, neoplasm, malignancy, volatile organic compound, VOC, breath, and exhaled were used in combination with the Boolean operators AND and OR. A separate MEDLINE search that used the search terms breath AND methodology was also performed for studies that reported factors that influenced the concentration of VOCs within exhaled breath in humans.Study selectionThe search was limited to human studies published in the English language. Trials that analyzed named endogenous VOCs within exhaled breath to diagnose or assess cancer were included in this review.Data extraction and synthesisSystematic review and pooled analysis were conducted in accordance with the recommendations of the Cochrane Library and Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines. Bivariate meta-analyses were performed to generate pooled point estimates of the hierarchal summary receiver operating characteristic curve of breath VOC analysis. Included studies were assessed according to the Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies checklist and Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 tool.Main outcomes and measuresThe principal outcome measure was pooled diagnostic accuracy of published VOC breath tests for cancer.ResultsThe review identified 63 relevant publications and 3554 patients. All reports constituted phase 1 biomarker studies. Pooled analysis of findings found a mean (SE) area under the receiver operating characteristic analysis curve of 0.94 (0.01), sensitivity of 79% (95% CI, 77%-81%), and specificity of 89% (95% CI, 88%-90%). Factors that may influence variability in test results included breath collection method, patient physiologic condition, test environment, and method of analysis.Conclusions and relevanceThe findings of our review suggest that standardization of breath collection methods and masked validation of breath test accuracy for cancer diagnosis is needed among the intended population in multicenter clinical trials. We propose a framework to guide the conduct of future breath tests in cancer studies.

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Comparison of volatile organic compound profiles in exhaled breath versus plasma headspace in different diseases.

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