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Age and Sex Differences in Heart Rate Variability and Vagal Specific Patterns - Baependi Heart Study.

ABSTRACT: Background:Heart rate variability (HRV) is a noninvasive method for assessing autonomic function. Age, sex, and chronic conditions influence HRV. Objectives:Our aim was to evaluate HRV measures exploring differences by age, sex, and race in a sample from a rural area. Methods:Analytical sample (n = 1,287) included participants from the 2010 to 2016 evaluation period of the Baependi Heart Study, a family-based cohort in Brazil. Participants underwent 24-hour Holter-ECG (Holter) monitoring. To derive population reference values, we restricted our analysis to a 'healthy' subset (i.e. absence of medical comorbidities). A confirmatory analysis was conducted with a subgroup sample that also had HRV derived from a resting ECG 10'-protocol obtained during the same time period. Results:The 'healthy' subset included 543 participants. Mean age was 40 ± 14y, 41% were male, 74% self-referred as white and mean body-mass-index was 24 ± 3kg/m2. Time domain HRV measures showed significant differences by age-decade and by sex. Higher values were observed for males across almost all age-groups. Parasympathetic associated variables (rMSSD and pNN50) showed a U-shaped distribution and reversal increase above 60y. Sympathetic-parasympathetic balance variables (SDNN, SDANN) decreased linearly by age. Race differences were no significant. We compared time domain variables with complete data (Holter and resting ECG) between 'healthy' versus 'unhealthy' groups. Higher HRV values were shown for the 'healthy' subset compared with the 'unhealthy' group. Conclusion:HRV measures vary across age and sex. A U-shaped pattern and a reversal increase in parasympathetic variables may reflect an age-related autonomic dysfunction even in healthy individuals that could be used as a predictor of disease development.

SUBMITTER: Geovanini GR

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7583712 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Age and Sex Differences in Heart Rate Variability and Vagal Specific Patterns - Baependi Heart Study.

Geovanini Glaucylara Reis GR Vasques Enio Rodrigues ER de Oliveira Alvim Rafael R Mill José Geraldo JG Andreão Rodrigo Varejão RV Vasques Bruna Kim BK Pereira Alexandre Costa AC Krieger Jose Eduardo JE

Global heart 20201021 1

<h4>Background</h4>Heart rate variability (HRV) is a noninvasive method for assessing autonomic function. Age, sex, and chronic conditions influence HRV.<h4>Objectives</h4>Our aim was to evaluate HRV measures exploring differences by age, sex, and race in a sample from a rural area.<h4>Methods</h4>Analytical sample (n = 1,287) included participants from the 2010 to 2016 evaluation period of the Baependi Heart Study, a family-based cohort in Brazil. Participants underwent 24-hour Holter-ECG (Holt ...[more]

PMID: 33150136

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Project description:Mild depressive symptoms (MDS) reflect vulnerability to major depression that does not meet the criteria for a major depressive disorder (MDD). Previous research indicates that it is difficult to identify MDS in young adults, and they exhibit diverse aspects of depressive symptoms caused by clinical depression, which can lead to poor academic performance, relationship difficulties, and even suicide. Additionally, many young adults remain unaware of their depressive symptoms during the early stages of MDD. Thus, the present study investigated clinical, neurocognitive, and physiological characteristics of young adults with various symptoms of depression and explored sex-specific differences. A total of 113 students aged 18-35 (MDD: n = 32; MDS: n =37; control [CON]: n = 44) participated in the study. Self-report clinical measures, short-term cardiac activity measured by finger sensors, and neurocognitive data were collected. Pearson's correlations, two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), principal component analysis, and exploratory structural equation modeling were conducted for the statistical analyses. Furthermore, the measurement invariance of the latent factor model was tested, and fit indices were compared according to sex. The results revealed that male students showed greater sympatho-vagal activity than female students. Additionally, male MDS students tended to exhibit decreased performance levels in neurocognitive function tasks compared with MDD and CON males, whereas female MDS students showed distinct characteristics compared to MDD and CON females on self-report measures of anxiety. Correlation analyses identified a positive association between the level of anger perception and latency in the executive function test among both males and females. Additionally, the use of a structured model revealed significant sex-specific differences in factor estimates. The present results suggest that recognizing the early signs of MDS that account for sex-specific differences in both subjective and objective measures may improve the diagnosis and monitoring of young adults with MDS.

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Age and Sex Differences in Heart Rate Variability and Vagal Specific Patterns - Baependi Heart Study.

Publications

Age and Sex Differences in Heart Rate Variability and Vagal Specific Patterns - Baependi Heart Study.

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