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Dietary methionine level alters growth, digestibility, and gene expression of amino acid transporters in meat-type chickens.

ABSTRACT: Imbalance in nutrients can affect digestibility of amino acids by altering gene expression of amino acid transporters. We investigated digestibility and molecular transporters of essential amino acids in chickens fed a methionine-deficient diet. A total of 40 chicks (23 D old) were randomly assigned to either a control (0.49% methionine) or a deficient (0.28%) diet until 41 D when they were sampled for Pectoralis (P.) major, kidney, ileum, and hypothalamus for mRNA expression analysis. The ileal content was collected for apparent ileal digestibility (AID) analysis. Birds fed the deficient diet had reduced growth and worse feed efficiency compared to control. The AID of methionine was similar between both groups. The AID of other essential amino acids was higher in the deficient group than control. mRNA expression of b0,+ AT and LAT4 were upregulated in the ileum and kidney but LAT1 was downregulated only in kidney of the deficient group compared to control. In the P. major, SNAT1, SNAT2, and CAT1 were upregulated in the deficient group compared to control. A diet deficiency in methionine affects digestibility of essential amino acids and cysteine, but not the digestibility of methionine. The change in digestibility is reflected in the mRNA expression of amino acid transporters across different tissues.

SUBMITTER: Fagundes NS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7587823 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Dietary methionine level alters growth, digestibility, and gene expression of amino acid transporters in meat-type chickens.

Fagundes Naiara S NS Milfort Marie C MC Williams Susan M SM Da Costa Manuel J MJ Fuller Alberta L AL Menten José F JF Rekaya Romdhane R Aggrey Samuel E SE

Poultry science 20191230 1

Imbalance in nutrients can affect digestibility of amino acids by altering gene expression of amino acid transporters. We investigated digestibility and molecular transporters of essential amino acids in chickens fed a methionine-deficient diet. A total of 40 chicks (23 D old) were randomly assigned to either a control (0.49% methionine) or a deficient (0.28%) diet until 41 D when they were sampled for Pectoralis (P.) major, kidney, ileum, and hypothalamus for mRNA expression analysis. The ileal ...[more]

PMID: 32416854

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Project description:BackgroundResponses to dietary calcium (Ca) and supplemented phytase on prececal amino acid digestibility (pcAAD) in broiler chickens vary among studies. The variation may arise from the dietary acid-binding capacity (ABC) that influences the activity of enzymes in the digestive tract and from microbial activity.ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate whether the ABC influences phytase effects on pcAAD and whether microbial activity contributes to this.MethodsMale Ross 308 broiler chickens were provided 1 of 12 diets in 72 pens (15/pen) from day 16 of age until the end of the experiment on days 21 or 22. In a 3 × 2 × 2-factorial arrangement, the ABC was varied by replacing calcium carbonate (CaCO3) with Ca-formate or by adding formic acid to CaCO3-containing diets, and contained 5.6 or 8.2 g Ca/kg and 0 or 1500 phytase units/kg. The ileum content was collected for pcAAD measurement and microbial community composition was used to investigate whether changes in pcAAD are related to the microbiota.ResultsThree-factor ANOVA showed that reducing the ABC increased pcAAD (average 1.1 percentage points) and no significant interaction of the ABC with Ca concentration and phytase supplementation including 3-way interactions. Without phytase, increasing dietary Ca concentration decreased pcAAD (average 3.1 percentage points). Phytase supplementation increased pcAAD (average 2.1 and 5.0 percentage points at low and high Ca concentrations, respectively), to reach the same level for both Ca concentrations. Microbial functional predictions pointed towards an influence of the microbiota in the crop and ileum content on amino acid concentrations, as indicated by different relative abundances of predicted genes related to amino acid biosynthesis, degradation, and metabolism.ConclusionsDietary Ca concentrations but not the ABC modulates the effect of supplemented phytase on pcAAD in broiler chickens. The microbiota might contribute to differences in pcAAD by changing the amino acid composition of the digesta. The extent of this effect is still unknown.

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Dataset Information

Dietary methionine level alters growth, digestibility, and gene expression of amino acid transporters in meat-type chickens.

Publications

Dietary methionine level alters growth, digestibility, and gene expression of amino acid transporters in meat-type chickens.

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