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Biochemical, hematological and histopathological evaluation of the toxicity potential of the leaf extract of Stachytarpheta cayennensis in rats.

ABSTRACT: Background and Aim:The many pharmacological potentials of Stachytarpheta cayennensis (L.C. Rich) Vahl, especially in managing central nervous system disorders, hypertension, diabetes and infections, have made it a subject of abuse, necessitating the need to ascertain its safety. This study therefore investigated the toxic effects of the leaf extract of S. cayennensis in rats following acute and 28-day repeated doses in male and female rats. Experimental procedure:Acute and repeated dose studies were conducted in male and female groups of rats (135-150?g), using OECD 423 and 407 Tests guidelines respectively. Functional observational battery, and body weights were monitored. Blood samples were analysed for haematological and plasma biochemical indices. Organs (brain, kidneys and liver) specimen were collected and weighed. Kidney and liver specimen were subjected to histopathological analysis. Results and conclusion:The LD50 of the extract was greater than 5000?mg/kg, p.o. (24?h) suggesting that the extract may be non-toxic. However, following single and repeated doses, the results revealed varying degree of significant (p?

SUBMITTER: Olayode OA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7588336 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Biochemical, hematological and histopathological evaluation of the toxicity potential of the leaf extract of <i>Stachytarpheta cayennensis</i> in rats.

Olayode Oladotun A OA Daniyan Michael Oluwatoyin MO Olayiwola Gbola G

Journal of traditional and complementary medicine 20190516 6

<h4>Background and aim</h4>The many pharmacological potentials of <i>Stachytarpheta cayennensis</i> (L.C. Rich) Vahl, especially in managing central nervous system disorders, hypertension, diabetes and infections, have made it a subject of abuse, necessitating the need to ascertain its safety. This study therefore investigated the toxic effects of the leaf extract of <i>S. cayennensis</i> in rats following acute and 28-day repeated doses in male and female rats.<h4>Experimental procedure</h4>Acu ...[more]

PMID: 33134130

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Project description:Dose-dependent cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin may lead to irreversible congestive heart failure. Although multiple mechanisms are involved, generation of free radicals is the most commonly postulated mechanism. Therefore, free radical scavengers are considered as potential therapeutic agents. As Murraya koenigii leaves are a rich source of flavonoids and phenols, they have the ability to scavenge free radicals effectively. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the cardioprotective potential of Murraya leaf extract against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Rats were randomly divided into five groups with 10 animals in each group. Doxorubicin was administered intraperitonially at 18?mg/kg while lyophilized plant extract was administered orally at 2?g/kg. Dexrazoxane, at 180?mg/kg, was used as the positive control. Cardiac damage of doxorubicin control was evident with a significant increase (p < 0.05) in cardiac troponin I, NT-pro BNP, AST, and LDH compared to the normal control. Plant-treated group showed cardioprotective effect by significantly reducing (p < 0.05) all of the above parameters compared to doxorubicin control (p < 0.05). Increased oxidative stress in doxorubicin control was evident with a significant reduction in reduced glutathione, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activity and a significant increase in lipid peroxidation compared to the control. Interestingly, treatment with Murraya leaf extract showed a significant increase in all of the above antioxidant parameters and a significant reduction in lipid peroxidation by showing an antioxidant effect. A significant increase in myeloperoxidase activity confirmed the increased inflammatory activity in doxorubicin control group whereas plant-treated group showed a significant reduction (p < 0.05) which expressed the anti-inflammatory effect of Murraya leaf extract. Doxorubicin-treated group showed histological evidence of extensive damage to the myocardium while plant-treated group showed a preserved myocardium with lesser degree of damage. Pretreatment with Murraya leaf extract may replenish cardiomyocytes with antioxidants and promote the defense against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity.

Dataset Information

Biochemical, hematological and histopathological evaluation of the toxicity potential of the leaf extract of Stachytarpheta cayennensis in rats.

Publications

Biochemical, hematological and histopathological evaluation of the toxicity potential of the leaf extract of <i>Stachytarpheta cayennensis</i> in rats.

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