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The Association of Prescriber Awareness of Opioid Consumption Trends with Postoperative Opioid Prescription Volume in Hip Arthroscopy: Prescriber Awareness of Opioid Consumption.

ABSTRACT: Purpose:To evaluate the impact of prescriber knowledge of 6-week postoperative opioid usage trends on postoperative opioid prescribing in hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome. Methods:Two groups of patients undergoing hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome with the same 2 surgeons were defined. One group preceded study design and implementation and 1 group was after study completion termed the preawareness group (n = 129) and awareness group (n = 130). Baseline clinical and operative characteristics and cumulative 6-week postoperative opioid prescription amount in oral morphine equivalents (OMEs), initial discharge OMEs, and cumulative 6-week postoperative opioid refills were recorded. Multivariable models were constructed to evaluate the impact of provider awareness of opioid usage along with the other baseline characteristics previously mentioned on the outcomes of postoperative opioid prescribing. Results:Preawareness group (365.8 additional OMEs; 95% confidence interval [CI], 132.6-599; P = .002), preoperative opioid usage (506.2 additional OMEs; 95% CI, 268.0-744.3; P < .001), postoperative nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (-664.6 additional OMEs; -1002.6 to -326.6; P < .001), and Caucasian race (-597.5 additional OMEs; 95% CI, -914.8 to -280.2; P < .001) were significantly associated with 6-week postoperative opioid prescribing. Caucasian race (odds ratio, 0.4; 95% CI, 0.18-0.86; P = .02) was associated with lower odds of additional postoperative opioid prescriptions whereas preoperative opioid usage (odds ratio, 2.47; 95% CI, 1.4-4.36; P = .002) was associated with increased odds of additional postoperative opioid prescriptions. Conclusions:Patients in the awareness group received significantly lower opioid volume without an increase in overall prescription numbers. Level of Evidence:III, prognostic, retrospective comparative study.

SUBMITTER: Cunningham DJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7588603 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The Association of Prescriber Awareness of Opioid Consumption Trends with Postoperative Opioid Prescription Volume in Hip Arthroscopy: Prescriber Awareness of Opioid Consumption.

Cunningham Daniel J DJ Mather Richard C RC Olson Steven A SA Lewis Brian D BD

Arthroscopy, sports medicine, and rehabilitation 20200820 5

<h4>Purpose</h4>To evaluate the impact of prescriber knowledge of 6-week postoperative opioid usage trends on postoperative opioid prescribing in hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome.<h4>Methods</h4>Two groups of patients undergoing hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome with the same 2 surgeons were defined. One group preceded study design and implementation and 1 group was after study completion termed the preawareness group (n = 129) and awareness group ...[more]

PMID: 33134984

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Project description:PurposeTo provide an updated review of multimodal pain management in arthroscopic surgery by evaluating pain and opioid consumption after shoulder, knee, and hip arthroscopy.MethodsA comprehensive literature search was performed to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating multimodal pain management after shoulder, knee, and hip arthroscopy. Articles were identified from January 2011 through December 2020 using various databases. As the primary outcome variables of this study, differences in postoperative pain and opioid consumption volumes were summarized from all reported postoperative time points.Results37 shoulder, 28 knee, and 8 hip arthroscopy RCTs were included in the study. The most frequent bias present in the included RCTs was incomplete outcome data (58%), while group allocation concealment was the least frequent bias (15%). Qualitative analysis of rotator cuff repair (n = 12), anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (n = 11), meniscectomy (n = 5), femoroacetabular impingement (n = 2), oral medications (n = 8), postoperative interventions (n = 10), and nonpharmacological interventions (n = 6) was performed.ConclusionsMany multimodal pain management protocols offer improved pain control and decreased opioid consumption after arthroscopic surgery. On the basis of the current literature, the evidence supports an interscalene nerve block with a dexamethasone-dexmedetomidine combination for rotator cuff repair, a proximal continuous adductor canal block for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, and local infiltration analgesia (e.g., periacetabular injection with 20 mL of .5% bupivacaine) for hip arthroscopy. When evaluating oral medication, the evidence supports 150 mg Pregabalin for shoulder arthroscopy, 400 mg Celecoxib for knee arthroscopy, and 200 mg Celecoxib for hip arthroscopy, all taken preoperatively. There is promising evidence for the use of various nonpharmacological modalities, specifically preoperative opioid education for rotator cuff repair patients; however, more clinical trials that evaluate nonpharmacological interventions should be performed.Level of evidenceLevel II, systematic review of Level I and II studies.

Project description:IntroductionPhysicians are a critical clinical resource for patient care. Yet physician recruitment has been considerably understudied, particularly in substance use disorder (SUD) settings. This study proposes a conceptual model called the "Physician Recruitment Descriptive Factors Framework" to investigate the role of environmental, organizational, and individual factors in the use of physician recruitment strategies.MethodsThe study setting was 75 sites that provided outpatient SUD treatment services in Florida, Ohio, and Wisconsin from 2016 to 2019. Central to the analysis is the use of five targeted physician recruitment strategies. The study investigated whether financial conditions, location (urban v. non-urban), external implementation coaching, and recruiters' roles influenced use of the targeted physician recruitment strategies.ResultsDuring the study period, a formal plan to recruit physicians was the most common strategy used (n = 67.6 %). The director or chief executive officer (CEO) was most likely to conduct physician recruitment (n = 58.7 %). During the study, use of four of the five recruitment strategies significantly declined (at p ≤ 0.01), while the perceived need for new prescribing capacity significantly declined (p ≤ 0.01), and prescribers per site increased from 1.54 to 3.21. Sixty-four percent of this increase in prescribers was due to more physician prescribers, while 36 % was due to the onset of the ability of advanced nurse practitioners and physician assistants to prescribe buprenorphine. In year 3 of the study, the strategies most closely aligned with the current number of prescribers were conducting weekly outreach to prescriber candidates (p = .018), having a dedicated prescriber recruiter (p = .011), and having a dedicated budget for prescriber recruiting (p = .002).ConclusionsThe study describes which physician recruitment strategies SUD treatment sites used and how the need to recruit physicians for specialty treatment SUD clinics declined as prescriber capacity increased. The proposed multi-level framework provides the scaffolding for future physician recruitment research and practice.

Project description:ImportanceIn arthroscopic knee and shoulder surgery, there is growing evidence that opioid-sparing protocols may reduce postoperative opioid consumption while adequately addressing patients' pain. However, there are a lack of prospective, comparative trials evaluating their effectiveness.ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of a multimodal, opioid-sparing approach to postoperative pain management compared with the current standard of care in patients undergoing arthroscopic shoulder or knee surgery.Design, setting, and participantsThis randomized clinical trial was performed at 3 clinical sites in Ontario, Canada, and enrolled 200 patients from March 2021 to March 2022 with final follow-up completed in April 2022. Adult patients undergoing outpatient arthroscopic shoulder or knee surgery were followed up for 6 weeks postoperatively.InterventionsThe opioid-sparing group (100 participants randomized) received a prescription of naproxen, acetaminophen (paracetamol), and pantoprazole; a limited rescue prescription of hydromorphone; and a patient educational infographic. The control group (100 participants randomized) received the current standard of care determined by the treating surgeon, which consisted of an opioid analgesic.Main outcomes and measuresThe primary outcome was postoperative oral morphine equivalent (OME) consumption at 6 weeks after surgery. There were 5 secondary outcomes, including pain, patient satisfaction, opioid refills, quantity of OMEs prescribed at the time of hospital discharge, and adverse events at 6 weeks all reported at 6 weeks after surgery.ResultsAmong the 200 patients who were randomized (mean age, 43 years; 73 women [38%]), 193 patients (97%) completed the trial; 98 of whom were randomized to receive standard care and 95 the opioid-sparing protocol. Patients in the opioid-sparing protocol consumed significantly fewer opioids (median, 0 mg; IQR, 0-8.0 mg) than patients in the control group (median, 40.0 mg; IQR, 7.5-105.0; z = -6.55; P < .001). Of the 5 prespecified secondary end points, 4 showed no significant difference. The mean amount of OMEs prescribed was 341.2 mg (95% CI, 310.2-372.2) in the standard care group and 40.4 mg (95% CI, 39.6-41.2) in the opioid-sparing group (mean difference, 300.8 mg; 95% CI, 269.4-332.3; P < .001). There was no significant difference in adverse events at 6 weeks (2 events [2.1%] in the standard care group vs 3 events [3.2%] in the opioid-sparing group), but more patients reported medication-related adverse effects in the standard care group (32% vs 19%, P = .048).Conclusions and relevanceAmong patients who underwent arthroscopic knee or shoulder surgery, a multimodal opioid-sparing postoperative pain management protocol, compared with standard opioid prescribing, significantly reduced postoperative opioid consumption over 6 weeks.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04566250.

Project description:PurposeTo examine acute postoperative opioid consumption in patients undergoing hip arthroscopy and randomized to either receive a preoperative lateral quadratus lumborum block or sham injection.MethodsThis trial randomized 46 subjects undergoing hip arthroscopy with a single surgeon to receive a preoperative lateral quadratus lumborum block (40 mL, ropivacaine 0.25%) or sham injection. The primary outcome was postoperative opioid consumption in patients with and without a block. All opioid medications were converted to morphine milligram equivalents for comparisons. Categorical data were compared with χ2 tests and Fisher exact tests where appropriate. Continuous data were compared with 2-sided t-test and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests.ResultsForty-six subjects scheduled for elective hip arthroscopy were successfully consented and randomized. Demographic and clinical characteristics did not differ. Postoperative opioid consumption decreased 28.3% in patients who received a preoperative lateral quadratus lumborum block (P = .04). Total perioperative opioid consumption (intraoperative and postoperative combined) was reduced 20% in the block group; however, this did not achieve statistical significance (P = .05). Three subjects in the sham group (12.5%) required unblinding for a rescue block in the postoperative anesthetic care unit (PACU) for uncontrolled pain despite systemic analgesics. While cold sensation was decreased postoperatively over the abdomen (P < .001) and anterior thigh (P = .03) in the block group, other PACU variables did not differ, including VAS pain scores, motor function, side effects, PACU duration, and patient satisfaction.ConclusionsOpioid consumption was reduced in patients who received a preoperative lateral quadratus lumborum block combined with a standardized, multimodal protocol as compared with patients who did not receive a block. Our findings support the growing evidence that quadratus lumborum blocks are an effective component of multimodal analgesia options for patients undergoing elective hip arthroscopy.Level of evidenceLevel I, randomized controlled trial.

Project description:ObjectivesThis study explored adolescents' awareness about prescription opioid misuse, sources of medication information, and educational preferences.DesignAn online survey explored adolescents' understanding and perceptions of prescription opioids and opioid misuse and safety, medication information sources, and educational preferences.Setting and participantsEligible participants included students from 3 Wisconsin high schools who could speak and understand English. Participants were recruited through "backpack mail" and completed surveys online at school.Outcome measursSurvey responses were compared across demographic information of the study participants. Binary response items were compared across demographic strata by Fisher exact tests, and Likert responses were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis tests.ResultsA total of 190 students (53% female, 53% white, 32% Hispanic) were surveyed. Most (83.5%) considered using someone else's opioid medication to be misuse, 85.2% identified using opioids at a higher dose or frequency than prescribed as misuse, and 67.6% considered using an opioid prescription after its expiration date to be misuse. Approximately 90% of students perceived that opioid misuse causes some, quite a bit, or a great deal of harm to a person's physical and mental health and school ability. Many students were able to correctly identify examples and consequences of misuse, however 24.7% believed that flushing opioids down the drain was dangerous. The most common source for finding information about opioids was Google or other search engines (67.6%), followed by talking with parents (56.7%), talking with a doctor or nurse (54.9%), and online videos (42.3%).ConclusionAdolescents have some opioid safety knowledge, but there is a clear opportunity to increase knowledge and understanding of risks. Adolescents could benefit from opioid safety education, particularly on safe storage and disposal, harms of misuse, and strategies for discouraging peer opioid misuse.

Project description:PURPOSE:To provide estimates of postoperative opioid use after hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) syndrome and to identify risk factors for increased postoperative opioid use. METHODS:All patients aged at least 18 years who were undergoing hip arthroscopy for FAI syndrome performed by 1 of 2 hip-preservation surgeons between November 2015 and August 2016 were eligible for inclusion in this study. Target minimum enrollment was set at 30 patients per surgeon based on an a priori sample size calculation. Enrolled patients completed the International Hip Outcome Tool, visual analog pain scale, Pain Catastrophizing Scale, abbreviated Patient Health Questionnaire, and questions regarding demographic characteristics and opioid and anti-inflammatory use. Opioid consumption was assessed through pill counting at 2- and 6-week postoperative appointments. Of 80 patients enrolled, 67 had complete 2- and 6-week opioid use data. Patient and operative factors were correlated with outcomes in multivariate models. RESULTS:Opioid use in the 2 weeks before surgery was significantly associated with higher postoperative opioid use at 2 weeks postoperatively (253.8 additional oral morphine equivalents [OMEs]; 95% confidence interval [CI], 171.2-336.5 additional OMEs; P < .0001; n = 73) and 6 weeks postoperatively (385.3 additional OMEs; 95% CI, 241.6-529.0 additional OMEs; P < .0001; n = 67). By 6 weeks postoperatively, 41 of 52 patients (79%) without opioid use in the 2 weeks before surgery used 30 or fewer 5-mg oxycodone pills compared with only 2 of 15 patients (13%) with preoperative use (odds ratio, 24.9; 95% CI, 4.2-148.5; P < .0001). CONCLUSIONS:Among patients undergoing hip arthroscopy for FAI syndrome, any opioid use in the 2 weeks preceding surgery was the strongest predictor of opioid use after hip arthroscopy. The impact of preoperative opioid use far exceeded the impact of other baseline patient and operative factors. Assessment of preoperative opioid use could be an important factor in guiding postoperative opioid prescribing. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:Level II, prospective observational study.

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The Association of Prescriber Awareness of Opioid Consumption Trends with Postoperative Opioid Prescription Volume in Hip Arthroscopy: Prescriber Awareness of Opioid Consumption.

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The Association of Prescriber Awareness of Opioid Consumption Trends with Postoperative Opioid Prescription Volume in Hip Arthroscopy: Prescriber Awareness of Opioid Consumption.

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