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Description of a fossil camelid from the Pleistocene of Argentina, and a cladistic analysis of the Camelinae.


ABSTRACT: We describe a well-preserved South American Lamini partial skeleton (PIMUZ A/V 4165) from the Ensenadan (~?1.95-1.77 to 0.4 Mya) of Argentina. The specimen is comprised of a nearly complete skull and mandible with full tooth rows, multiple elements of anterior and posterior limbs, and a scapula. We tested this specimen's phylogenetic position and hypothesized it to be more closely related to Lama guanicoe and Vicugna vicugna than to Hemiauchenia paradoxa. We formulate a hypothesis for the placement of PIMUZ A/V 4165 within Camelinae in a cladistic analysis based on craniomandibular and dental characters and propose that future systematic studies consider this specimen as representing a new species. For the first time in a morphological phylogeny, we code terminal taxa at the species level for the following genera: Camelops, Aepycamelus, Pleiolama, Procamelus, and Alforjas. Our results indicate a divergence between Lamini and Camelini predating the Barstovian (16 Mya). Camelops appears as monophyletic within the Camelini. Alforjas taylori falls out as a basal member of Camelinae-neither as a Lamini nor Camelini. Pleiolama is polyphyletic, with Pleiolama vera as a basal Lamini and Pleiolama mckennai in a more nested position within the Lamini. Aepycamelus and Procamelus are respectively polyphyletic and paraphyletic. Together, they are part of a group of North American Lamini from the Miocene epoch.

SUBMITTER: Lynch S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7590954 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Description of a fossil camelid from the Pleistocene of Argentina, and a cladistic analysis of the Camelinae.

Lynch Sinéad S   Sánchez-Villagra Marcelo R MR   Balcarcel Ana A  

Swiss journal of palaeontology 20201007 1


We describe a well-preserved South American Lamini partial skeleton (PIMUZ A/V 4165) from the Ensenadan (~ 1.95-1.77 to 0.4 Mya) of Argentina. The specimen is comprised of a nearly complete skull and mandible with full tooth rows, multiple elements of anterior and posterior limbs, and a scapula. We tested this specimen's phylogenetic position and hypothesized it to be more closely related to <i>Lama guanicoe</i> and <i>Vicugna vicugna</i> than to <i>Hemiauchenia paradoxa</i>. We formulate a hypo  ...[more]

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