Dataset Information

Root Morphological Traits of Seedlings Are Predictors of Seed Yield and Quality in Winter Oilseed Rape Hybrid Cultivars.

ABSTRACT: The root system is responsible for soil resources acquisition. Hence, optimizing crop root characteristics has considerable implications for agricultural production. This study evaluated a panel of twenty-eight European modern cultivars of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) cultivated in laboratory and field environments. Root morphology was screened using a high-throughput hydroponic growth system with two divergent nitrogen supplies. The panel showed an important diversity for biomass production and root morphological traits. Differences in root and shoot dry biomasses and lateral root length were mainly explained by the genotype, and differences in primary root length by nitrogen nutrition. The cultivars were tested in a pluriannual field trial. The field variation for yield and seed quality traits attributed to the genotype was more important than the year or the genotype × year interaction effects. The total root length measured at the seedling stage could predict the proportion of nitrogen taken up from the field and reallocated to seed organs, a component of the nitrogen use efficiency. The genetic interrelationship between cultivars, established with simple sequence repeat markers, indicated a very narrow genetic base. Positive correlations were found between the genetic distance measures, root morphological traits during nitrogen depletion and yield components. This study illustrates a root phenotyping screen in the laboratory with a proof of concept evaluation in the field. The results could assist future genetic improvements in oilseed rape for desirable root characteristics to reduce nutrient losses in the environment.

SUBMITTER: Louvieaux J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7593254 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Root Morphological Traits of Seedlings Are Predictors of Seed Yield and Quality in Winter Oilseed Rape Hybrid Cultivars.

Louvieaux Julien J Spanoghe Martin M Hermans Christian C

Frontiers in plant science 20201015

The root system is responsible for soil resources acquisition. Hence, optimizing crop root characteristics has considerable implications for agricultural production. This study evaluated a panel of twenty-eight European modern cultivars of oilseed rape (<i>Brassica napus</i> L.) cultivated in laboratory and field environments. Root morphology was screened using a high-throughput hydroponic growth system with two divergent nitrogen supplies. The panel showed an important diversity for biomass pro ...[more]

PMID: 33178235

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Project description:In agricultural plant production, nitrate, ammonium, and urea are the major fertilized nitrogen forms, which differ in root uptake and downstream signaling processes in plants. Nitrate is known to stimulate cytokinin synthesis in roots, while for urea no hormonal effect has been described yet. Elevated cytokinin levels can delay plant senescence favoring prolonged nitrogen uptake. As the cultivation of winter oilseed rape provokes high nitrogen-balance surpluses, we tested the hypotheses whether nitrogen use efficiency increases under ammonium nitrate- relative to urea-based nutrition and whether this is subject to genotypic variation. In a 2-year field study, 15 oilseed rape lines were fertilized either with ammonium nitrate or with urease inhibitor-stabilized urea and analyzed for seed yield and nitrogen-related yield parameters. Despite a significant environmental impact on the performance of the individual lines, which did not allow revealing consistent impact of the genotype, ammonium nitrate-based nutrition tended to increase seed yield in average over all lines. To resolve whether the fertilizer N forms act on grain yield via phytohormones, we collected xylem exudates at three developmental stages and determined the translocation rates of cytokinins and N forms. Relative to urea, ammonium nitrate-based nutrition enhanced the translocation of nitrate or total nitrogen together with cytokinins, whereas in the urea treatment translocation rates were lower as long as urea remained stable in the soil solution. At later developmental stages, i.e., when urea became hydrolyzed, nitrogen and cytokinin translocation increased. In consequence, urea tended to increase nitrogen partitioning in the shoot toward generative organs. However, differences in overall nitrogen accumulation in shoots were not present at the end of the vegetation period, and neither nitrogen uptake nor utilization efficiency was consistently different between the two applied nitrogen forms.

Dataset Information

Root Morphological Traits of Seedlings Are Predictors of Seed Yield and Quality in Winter Oilseed Rape Hybrid Cultivars.

Publications

Root Morphological Traits of Seedlings Are Predictors of Seed Yield and Quality in Winter Oilseed Rape Hybrid Cultivars.

Similar Datasets

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