Dataset Information

Using Simulated Flue Gas to Rapidly Grow Nutritious Microalgae with Enhanced Settleability.

ABSTRACT: Favorable microalgal nutrition from waste resources and improved harvesting methods would offset costs for a process that could be scaled up to treat pollution and produce valuable animal feed in lieu of soy protein. Co-benefits include avoidance of carbon dioxide emissions, which may provide an additional revenue stream when carbon markets begin to flourish. To sustainably achieve these goals at scale, barriers to microalgal production such as tolerance for waste streams and dramatic improvement in dewatering and settleability of the microalgae must be overcome. Presently, it is largely assumed that nutritious microalgae, including Scenedesmus obliquus, would be inhibited by SO x and NO x in flue gases and settle slowly as discrete particles. Studies conducted with a 2 L photobioreactor, sparged with simulated coal-fired power plant flue gas, demonstrated that both biomass productivity and settling rates were increased. The average maximum biomass productivity was 700 ± 40 mg L-1 d-1, which significantly exceeded that of the control culture (510 ± 40 mg L-1 d-1). Thirty-minute trials of modeled bulk settling showed rapid coagulation, likely facilitated by extracellular polymeric substances, and compaction when the cultures were grown with simulated emissions. Control cultures, not exposed to the additional toxicants in flue gas, settled as discrete particles and did not show any settling progress within 30 min. Of the SO2 sparged into the cultivation system, (111 ± 4)% was captured as either SO4 2- in the medium or fixed in the S. obliquus biomass. The stress of simulated-emissions exposure decreased the S. obliquus protein contents and altered the amino acid profiles but did not decrease the fraction of methionine, a valuable amino acid in animal feed.

SUBMITTER: Molitor HR

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7594122 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Using Simulated Flue Gas to Rapidly Grow Nutritious Microalgae with Enhanced Settleability.

Molitor Hannah R HR Schnoor Jerald L JL

ACS omega 20201012 42

Favorable microalgal nutrition from waste resources and improved harvesting methods would offset costs for a process that could be scaled up to treat pollution and produce valuable animal feed in lieu of soy protein. Co-benefits include avoidance of carbon dioxide emissions, which may provide an additional revenue stream when carbon markets begin to flourish. To sustainably achieve these goals at scale, barriers to microalgal production such as tolerance for waste streams and dramatic improvemen ...[more]

PMID: 33134689

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Project description:Traditional methods using sealed bottles to determine the grazing rates by secondary producers neglect chemical changes induced by biological activities during the incubation, giving rise to instable levels of nutrients, pH, pCO2, pO2 and other chemicals along with changing microalgal cell concentrations and grazers' metabolism. Here, we used dialysis bags, which allows exchanges of nutrients and gases, to grow microalgae and to determine grazing rates of secondary producers. The specific growth rate of diatom within the dialysis bags increased with increasing water velocities, indicating its suitability to grow microalgae under dynamic water conditions. Then, we compared the grazing rates by the heterotrophic dinoflagellate Noctiluca scintillans measured with the traditional method using polycarbonate (PC) bottles and the approach with the dialysis bags, and found that these two methods gave rise to comparable grazing rates. Nevertheless, the concentrations of inorganic nitrogen and phosphate in the closed PC bottles were about 89-94% lower than those in the dialysis bags due to the microalga's assimilation. Subsequently, we applied it to determine the grazing rates by a copepod and an oyster (in the presence of other grazers). Consistent results were obtained using the dialysis bags to determine grazing rates by copepods. During the mesocosm (3000 L) experiment in the presence of primary and secondary producers, the grazing rates by the oyster Crassostrea angulata were determined based on the difference of phytoplankton biomass within and outside of the dialysis bags that held all organisms in the mesocosm except the oyster. Since the dialysis bags are permeable to gases, the grazing rates by the oyster under 410 (AC) and 1,000 (HC) μatm CO2 were successfully measured, with a promising result that HC significantly increased the oyster's grazing. We concluded that using dialysis bags to grow microalgae and to determine grazing rates is a reliable approach, especially under different levels of CO2 and O2.

Dataset Information

Using Simulated Flue Gas to Rapidly Grow Nutritious Microalgae with Enhanced Settleability.

Publications

Using Simulated Flue Gas to Rapidly Grow Nutritious Microalgae with Enhanced Settleability.

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