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Host Plant Resistance to Bemisia tabaci to Control Damage Caused in Tomato Plants by the Emerging Crinivirus Tomato Chlorosis Virus.

ABSTRACT: Tomato chlorosis virus (genus Crinivirus, family Closteroviridae) (ToCV) is rapidly emerging, causing increased damage to tomato production worldwide. The virus is transmitted in a semipersistent manner by several whitefly (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) species and is expanding its geographical and host ranges associated with the emergence of whiteflies of the Bemisia tabaci complex. Control is based essentially on intensive insecticide applications against the insect vector but is largely ineffective. No virus-resistant or tolerant commercial tomato cultivars are available. Recently, a B. tabaci-resistant tomato line based on the introgression of type IV leaf glandular trichomes and secretion of acylsucroses from the wild tomato Solanum pimpinellifolium was shown to effectively control the spread of tomato yellow leaf curl virus, a begomovirus (genus Begomovirus, family Geminiviridae) persistently transmitted by B. tabaci. As short acquisition and transmission periods are associated to the semipersistent transmission of ToCV, its possible control by means of the B. tabaci-resistant tomato could be compromised. Moreover, if the antixenosis effect of the resistance trait present in those tomato plants results in increased B. tabaci mobility, an increased ToCV spread might even occur. We demonstrated, however, that the use of acylsugar-producing B. tabaci-resistant tomatoes effectively controls ToCV spread compared to a near-isogenic line without type IV trichomes and acylsugar secretion. No increase in the primary ToCV spread is observed, and secondary spread could be reduced significantly decreasing the incidence of this virus. The possible use of host plant resistance to whiteflies to limit spread of ToCV opens up new alternatives for a more effective control of this virus to reduce the damage caused in tomato crops.

SUBMITTER: Fortes IM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7594678 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Host Plant Resistance to Bemisia tabaci to Control Damage Caused in Tomato Plants by the Emerging Crinivirus Tomato Chlorosis Virus.

Fortes Isabel M IM Fernández-Muñoz Rafael R Moriones Enrique E

Frontiers in plant science 20201014

Tomato chlorosis virus (genus Crinivirus, family Closteroviridae) (ToCV) is rapidly emerging, causing increased damage to tomato production worldwide. The virus is transmitted in a semipersistent manner by several whitefly (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) species and is expanding its geographical and host ranges associated with the emergence of whiteflies of the Bemisia tabaci complex. Control is based essentially on intensive insecticide applications against the insect vector but i ...[more]

PMID: 33178251

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Project description:BackgroundWhiteflies threaten agricultural crop production worldwide, are polyphagous in nature, and transmit hundreds of plant viruses. Little is known how whitefly gene expression is altered due to feeding on plants infected with a semipersistently transmitted virus. Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV; genus Crinivirus, family Closteroviridae) is transmitted by the whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) in a semipersistent manner and infects several globally important agricultural and ornamental crops, including tomato.ResultsTo determine changes in global gene regulation in whiteflies after feeding on tomato plants infected with a crinivirus (ToCV), comparative transcriptomic analysis was performed using RNA-Seq on whitefly (Bemisia tabaci MEAM1) populations after 24, 48, and 72 h acquisition access periods on either ToCV-infected or uninfected tomatoes. Significant differences in gene expression were detected between whiteflies fed on ToCV-infected tomato and those fed on uninfected tomato among the three feeding time periods: 447 up-regulated and 542 down-regulated at 24 h, 4 up-regulated and 7 down-regulated at 48 h, and 50 up-regulated and 160 down-regulated at 72 h. Analysis revealed differential regulation of genes associated with metabolic pathways, signal transduction, transport and catabolism, receptors, glucose transporters, α-glucosidases, and the uric acid pathway in whiteflies fed on ToCV-infected tomatoes, as well as an abundance of differentially regulated novel orphan genes. Results demonstrate for the first time, a specific and temporally regulated response by the whitefly to feeding on a host plant infected with a semipersistently transmitted virus, and advance the understanding of the whitefly vector-virus interactions that facilitate virus transmission.ConclusionWhitefly transmission of semipersistent viruses is believed to require specific interactions between the virus and its vector that allow binding of virus particles to factors within whitefly mouthparts. Results provide a broader understanding of the potential mechanism of crinivirus transmission by whitefly, aid in discerning genes or loci in whitefly that influence virus interactions or transmission, and subsequently facilitate development of novel, genetics-based control methods against whitefly and whitefly-transmitted viruses.

Dataset Information

Host Plant Resistance to Bemisia tabaci to Control Damage Caused in Tomato Plants by the Emerging Crinivirus Tomato Chlorosis Virus.

Publications

Host Plant Resistance to <i>Bemisia tabaci</i> to Control Damage Caused in Tomato Plants by the Emerging Crinivirus Tomato Chlorosis Virus.

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