Dataset Information

Coarse limestone does not alleviate the negative effect of a low Ca/P ratio diet on characteristics of tibia strength and growth performance in broilers.

ABSTRACT: The hypothesis was tested that an increased digestion of coarse compared with fine limestone can alleviate the negative effects of a low dietary Ca/P ratio on the growth performance and characteristics of tibia strength (CTS) in broilers. A total of 1,152 Ross 308 broiler chickens received a standard commercial starter feed from day 0 to 13. From day 14 onward, birds received 1 of 12 diets containing 1 of 6 Ca/P ratios (0.50, 0.75, 1.00, 1.25, 1.50, and 1.75) and 1 of 2 limestone particle sizes (<500 [fine] and 500 to 2,000 [coarse] ?m) in a study with a 6 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Total P content was fixed at 5.5 g/kg for all treatment diets. Each treatment was replicated 6 times with 16 birds per replicate pen. On day 20 and 21, twelve birds per pen were randomly selected from 4 of the 6 replicate pens for tibia analysis and digesta collection from different gut segments. The apparent Ca digestibility was higher for fine than coarse limestone in the jejunum (P = 0.043). However, this difference in Ca digestibility disappeared for the low, whereas it remained for the high Ca/P ratios in the proximal (Pinteraction = 0.067) and distal (Pinteraction = 0.052) ileum. In addition, coarse limestone improved apparent P digestibility in the proximal and distal ileum (P < 0.001) but not in the jejunum (P = 0.305). Regardless of limestone particle size, reducing dietary Ca/P ratio linearly improved apparent Ca and P digestibility in the proximal and distal ileum (P < 0.001). Moreover, decreasing dietary Ca/P ratio linearly (P < 0.001) and quadratically (P < 0.046) reduced the CTS. Reducing dietary Ca/P ratio linearly (P < 0.003) and quadratically (P ? 0.006) decreased body weight gain and increased feed conversion ratio. For both fine and coarse limestone, the optimal Ca/P ratio was 1.00 to 1.25 to optimize apparent Ca and P digestibility while maintaining growth performance and CTS. Reducing Ca/P ratio from 1.75 to 1.00 improved distal ileal Ca and P apparent digestibility from 36.6 to 53.7% and 48.0 to 58.3%, respectively. In conclusion, coarse limestone is equally digestible with fine limestone at a low Ca/P ratio but is less digestible at a high Ca/P ratio, and the optimal Ca/P ratio in the diet is 1.00 to 1.25 for both fine and coarse limestone.

SUBMITTER: Hu YX

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7598140 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Coarse limestone does not alleviate the negative effect of a low Ca/P ratio diet on characteristics of tibia strength and growth performance in broilers.

Hu Y X YX Bikker P P Duijster M M Hendriks W H WH van Baal J J van Krimpen M M MM

Poultry science 20200703 10

The hypothesis was tested that an increased digestion of coarse compared with fine limestone can alleviate the negative effects of a low dietary Ca/P ratio on the growth performance and characteristics of tibia strength (CTS) in broilers. A total of 1,152 Ross 308 broiler chickens received a standard commercial starter feed from day 0 to 13. From day 14 onward, birds received 1 of 12 diets containing 1 of 6 Ca/P ratios (0.50, 0.75, 1.00, 1.25, 1.50, and 1.75) and 1 of 2 limestone particle sizes ...[more]

PMID: 32988534

Similar Datasets

Project description:High calcium (Ca) intake and fine limestone reduces precaecal phosphorus (P) absorption independently of P solubility in broilers. This study aimed to determine whether dietary total Ca: total P ratio (Ca:P) and limestone particle size (LPS) affect gene expression of P transporters in the small intestine. A total of 384 one-day-old Ross 308 male broiler chickens received diets low (0.50), medium (1.00) or high (1.75) in Ca:P containing either fine (160 μm) or coarse (1062 μm) limestone, in a 3×2 factorial arrangement. Expression of Ca- and P-related genes were determined using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) in duodenum and jejunum. Increasing dietary Ca:P decreased duodenal calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), calbindin-D28k (CaBP-D28k), plasma membrane Ca-ATPase 1 (PMCA1) and sodium-coupled P cotransporter type IIb (NaPi-IIb), but not transient receptor potential canonical 1 (TRPC1) mRNA. This effect was greater with fine limestone when Ca:P increased from low to medium, but greater with coarse limestone when increased from medium to high. A similar inhibitory effect was observed for jejunal CaBP-D28k expression where increasing dietary Ca:P and fine limestone decreased CaSR mRNA, while dietary Ca:P decreased TRPC1 mRNA only for coarse limestone. It also decreased jejunal NaPi-IIb mRNA irrespective of LPS. Dietary treatments did not affect jejunal PMCA1 mRNA expression or that of inorganic phosphate transporter 1 and 2 and xenotropic and polytropic retrovirus receptor 1 in both intestinal segments. Dietary Ca increase reduced mucosal claudin-2 mRNA in both segments, and jejunal zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) mRNA only for coarse limestone. In conclusion, increasing dietary Ca:P reduced expression of duodenal P transporters (NaPi-IIb) in a LPS dependent manner, hence Ca induced reduction in intestinal P absorption is mediated by decreasing P transporters expression. Dietary Ca reduces Ca digestibility by downregulating mRNA expression of both Ca permeable claudin-2 and Ca transporters (CaBP-D28k, PMCA1).

Project description:BackgroundBacterial chondronecrosis with osteomyelitis (BCO) develops in the growth plate (GP) of the proximal femur and tibia and is initiated by damage to the less mineralized chondrocytes followed by colonization of opportunistic bacteria. This condition affects approximately 1% of all birds housed, being considered one of the major causes of lameness in fast growing broilers. Although several studies have been previously performed aiming to understand its pathogenesis, the molecular mechanisms involved with BCO remains to be elucidated. Therefore, this study aimed to generate a profile of global differential gene expression involved with BCO in the tibia of commercial broilers, through RNA sequencing analysis to identity genes and molecular pathways involved with BCO in chickens.ResultsOur data showed 192 differentially expressed (DE) genes: 63 upregulated and 129 downregulated in the GP of the tibia proximal epiphysis of BCO-affected broilers. Using all DE genes, six Biological Processes (BP) were associated with bone development (connective tissue development, cartilage development, skeletal system development, organ morphogenesis, system development and skeletal system morphogenesis). The analyses of the upregulated genes did not indicate any significant BP (FDR < 0.05). However, with the downregulated genes, the same BP were identified when using all DE genes in the analysis, with a total of 26 coding genes explaining BCO in the tibia: ACAN, ALDH1A2, CDH7, CHAD, CHADL, COL11A1, COMP, CSGALNACT1, CYR61, FRZB, GAL3ST1, HAPLN1, IHH, KIF26B, LECT1, LPPR1, PDE6B, RBP4A, SERINC5, SFRP1, SOX8, SOX9, TENM2, THBS1, UCHL1 and WFIKKN2. In addition, seven transcription factors were also associated to BCO: NFATC2, MAFB, HIF1A-ARNT, EWSR1-FLI1, NFIC, TCF3 and NF-KAPPAB.ConclusionsOur data show that osteochondral downregulated genes are potential molecular causes of BCO in broilers, and the bacterial process seems to be, in fact, a secondary condition. Sixteen genes responsible for bone and cartilage formation were downregulated in BCO-affected broilers being strong candidate genes to trigger this disorder.

Project description:ObjectiveDiet acidification supplementation is known to influence intestinal morphology, gut microbiota, and on phosphorus (P) utilization of broilers. Alterations in intestinal barrier and microbiota have been associated with systemic inflammation and thus regulating bone turnover. Hence the effect of acidifier addition to drinking water on tibia mass and the linkages between intestinal integrity and bone were studied.MethodsOne-d-old male broilers were randomly assigned to normal water (control) or continuous supply of acidified water (2% the blend of 2-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutyric acid, lactic, and phosphoric acid) group with 5 replicates of 10 chicks per replicate for 42 d.ResultsAcidification of drinking water improved the ash percentage and calcium content of tibia at 42 d. Broilers receiving acidified water had increased serum P concentration compared to control birds. The acidified group showed improved intestinal barrier, evidenced by increased wall thickness, villus height, the villus height to crypt depth ratio, and upregulated mucin-2 expression in ileum. Broilers receiving drinking water containing mixed organic acids had a higher proportion of Firmicutes and the ratio of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, as well as a lower population of Proteobacteria. Meanwhile, the addition of acidifier to drinking water resulted in declined ileal and serum proinflammatory factors level and increased immunoglobulin concentrations in serum. Concerning bone remodeling, acidifier addition was linked to a decrease in serum C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase reflecting bone resorption, whereas it did not apparently change serum alkaline phosphatase activity that is a bone formation marker.ConclusionAcidified drinking water increased tibia mineral deposition of broilers, which was probably linked with higher P utilization and decreased bone resorption through improved intestinal integrity and gut microbiota and through decreased systemic inflammation.

Project description:Chicken eggshell (ES) waste is a rich source of calcium carbonate (CaCO3); however, the potential of ES as dietary calcium (Ca) in old laying hens has not been explored. This study compared the effects of feeding limestone, cockle shell, oyster shell, fine ES, and coarse ES as the sole Ca source on production performance, egg quality, blood biochemical constituents, and tibia characteristics in old laying hens. A total of 450 ISA-Brown laying hens at 73 wk of age with similar egg production rate (EPR) were randomly assigned to 5 treatment groups (90 hens/group, 9 hens/replicate) for 7 wk. Dietary treatment groups comprised a corn-soybean meal based diet containing different Ca sources: (i) limestone (LS; < 2 mm and 2-4 mm mixed in the ratio of 3:7) as control, (ii) cockle shell (CS; 1-4 mm), (iii) oyster shell (OS; 3-16 mm), (iv) ES fine particles (ESF; < 1 mm), and (v) ES coarse particles (ESC; 3-5 mm). Results indicated that dietary inclusion of coarse ES particles significantly increased average egg weight (P < 0.001) and daily egg mass (P < 0.05), and decreased feed conversion ratio (P < 0.001) as compared with the other treatments. However, no significant differences in EPR, feed intake, cracked egg proportion, and mortality were observed among the dietary treatments (P > 0.05). Notably, the use of ESF led to a lower proportion of cracked eggs than ESC (P < 0.05). ESC fed hens produced the heaviest eggs whereas CS fed hens produced the lightest (P < 0.001); the particle size of ES also affected the egg weight (P < 0.05). The eggs from OS and ESC fed hens showed a greater albumen height in comparison to eggs from CS group (P < 0.05); but no significant difference was observed among the LS, OS, ESF, and ESC groups (P > 0.05). The yolk color was darker in the eggs of group ESF as compared with other dietary groups (P < 0.01). However, no significant effects on Haugh units and shell properties were observed among the treatments (P > 0.05). The blood biochemistry results were not affected by the dietary Ca (P > 0.05) except for lower levels of high-density lipoprotein percentage (HDL %) in OS and ESC fed hens (P < 0.05). The tibia characteristics including weight, length, width, and breaking strength did not differ among the dietary groups (P > 0.05). However, the ESC and OS fed hens showed higher tibia bone mineral density (BMD) than the other groups (P < 0.001). In conclusion, coarse ES as a sole Ca source had beneficial effects on the production performance, egg quality, and tibia BMD in old laying hens.

Dataset Information

Coarse limestone does not alleviate the negative effect of a low Ca/P ratio diet on characteristics of tibia strength and growth performance in broilers.

Publications

Coarse limestone does not alleviate the negative effect of a low Ca/P ratio diet on characteristics of tibia strength and growth performance in broilers.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets