Dataset Information

Prediction of Antidepressant Treatment Response and Remission Using an Ensemble Machine Learning Framework.

ABSTRACT: In the wake of recent advances in machine learning research, the study of pharmacogenomics using predictive algorithms serves as a new paradigmatic application. In this work, our goal was to explore an ensemble machine learning approach which aims to predict probable antidepressant treatment response and remission in major depressive disorder (MDD). To discover the status of antidepressant treatments, we established an ensemble predictive model with a feature selection algorithm resulting from the analysis of genetic variants and clinical variables of 421 patients who were treated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. We also compared our ensemble machine learning framework with other state-of-the-art models including multi-layer feedforward neural networks (MFNNs), logistic regression, support vector machine, C4.5 decision tree, naïve Bayes, and random forests. Our data revealed that the ensemble predictive algorithm with feature selection (using fewer biomarkers) performed comparably to other predictive algorithms (such as MFNNs and logistic regression) to derive the perplexing relationship between biomarkers and the status of antidepressant treatments. Our study demonstrates that the ensemble machine learning framework may present a useful technique to create bioinformatics tools for discriminating non-responders from responders prior to antidepressant treatments.

SUBMITTER: Lin E

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7599952 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Prediction of Antidepressant Treatment Response and Remission Using an Ensemble Machine Learning Framework.

Lin Eugene E Kuo Po-Hsiu PH Liu Yu-Li YL Yu Younger W-Y YW Yang Albert C AC Tsai Shih-Jen SJ

Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) 20201013 10

In the wake of recent advances in machine learning research, the study of pharmacogenomics using predictive algorithms serves as a new paradigmatic application. In this work, our goal was to explore an ensemble machine learning approach which aims to predict probable antidepressant treatment response and remission in major depressive disorder (MDD). To discover the status of antidepressant treatments, we established an ensemble predictive model with a feature selection algorithm resulting from t ...[more]

PMID: 33065962

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Project description:Background: Individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) vary in their response to antidepressants. However, identifying objective biomarkers, prior to or early in the course of treatment that can predict antidepressant efficacy, remains a challenge. Methods: Individuals with MDD participated in a 12-week antidepressant pharmacotherapy trial. Electroencephalographic (EEG) data was collected before and 1 week post-treatment initiation in 51 patients. Response status at week 12 was established with the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Scale (MADRS), with a ?50% decrease characterizing responders (N = 27/24 responders/non-responders). We used a machine learning (ML)-approach for predicting response status. We focused on Random Forests, though other ML methods were compared. First, we used a tree-based estimator to select a relatively small number of significant features from: (a) demographic/clinical data (age, sex, individual item/total MADRS scores at baseline, week 1, change scores); (b) scalp-level EEG power; (c) source-localized current density (via exact low-resolution electromagnetic tomography [eLORETA] software). Second, we applied kernel principal component analysis to reduce and map important features. Third, a set of ML models were constructed to classify response outcome based on mapped features. For each dataset, predictive features were extracted, followed by a model of all predictive features, and finally by a model of the most predictive features. Results: Fifty eLORETA features were predictive of response (across bands, both time-points); alpha1/theta eLORETA features showed the highest predictive value. Eighty-eight scalp EEG features were predictive of response (across bands, both time-points), with theta/alpha2 being most predictive. Clinical/demographic data consisted of 31 features, with the most important being week 1 "concentration difficulty" scores. When all features were included into one model, its predictive utility was high (88% accuracy). When the most important features were extracted in the final model, 12 predictive features emerged (78% accuracy), including baseline scalp-EEG frontopolar theta, parietal alpha2 and frontopolar alpha1. Conclusions: These findings suggest that ML models of pre- and early treatment-emergent EEG profiles and clinical features can serve as tools for predicting antidepressant response. While this must be replicated using large independent samples, it lays the groundwork for research on personalized, "biomarker"-based treatment approaches.

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Dataset Information

Prediction of Antidepressant Treatment Response and Remission Using an Ensemble Machine Learning Framework.

Publications

Prediction of Antidepressant Treatment Response and Remission Using an Ensemble Machine Learning Framework.

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