Analysis of brain networks and fecal metabolites reveals brain-gut alterations in premenopausal females with irritable bowel syndrome.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Osadchiy V
PROVIDER: S-EPMC7608552 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Nov
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Analysis of brain networks and fecal metabolites reveals brain-gut alterations in premenopausal females with irritable bowel syndrome.
Osadchiy Vadim V Mayer Emeran A EA Gao Kan K Labus Jennifer S JS Naliboff Bruce B Tillisch Kirsten K Chang Lin L Jacobs Jonathan P JP Hsiao Elaine Y EY Gupta Arpana A
Translational psychiatry 20201102 1
Alterations in brain-gut-microbiome (BGM) interactions have been implicated in the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Here, we apply a systems biology approach, leveraging neuroimaging and fecal metabolite data, to characterize BGM interactions that are driving IBS pathophysiology. Fecal samples and resting state fMRI images were obtained from 138 female subjects (99 IBS, 39 healthy controls (HCs)). Partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was conducted to explore group ...[more]
Similar Datasets
Project description:Altered gut microbiota are assumed to be involved in the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). However, gut microbiota alterations reported in different studies are divergent and sometimes even contradictory. To better elucidate the relationship between altered gut microbiota and IBS, we characterized fecal microbiota of diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D) patients and further explored the effect of rifaximin on gut microbiota using bacterial 16S rRNA gene-targeted pyrosequencing. In our study, IBS-D patients defined by Rome III criteria and age-and-gender matched healthy controls (HC) were enrolled to investigate the fecal microbiota alterations. These IBS-D patients were then treated with rifaximin for 2 weeks and followed up for 10 weeks. Fecal microbiota alterations, small intestine bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms of IBS-D patients were analyzed before and after treatment. Our results showed fecal microbiota richness but not diversity was decreased in IBS-D patients as compared to HC and there were alterations of fecal microbiota at different taxonomy levels. The abundant phyla Firmicutes was significantly decreased and Bacteroidetes was increased in IBS-D patients. Moreover, the alterations of predominant fermenting bacteria such as Bacteroidales and Clostridiales might be involved in the pathophysiology of IBS-D. In addition, rifaximin was effective in terms of SIBO eradication and even GI symptoms of IBS-D patients achieved at least 10-week improvement after treatment. Furthermore, rifaximin induced alterations of some special bacteria rather than affected the overall composition of microbiota in IBS-D patients. Meanwhile, a potential decrease in propanoate and butanoate metabolism was found in these IBS-D patients after rifaximin treatment. Taken together, there were alterations of gut microbiota in IBS-D patients as compared to HC. Rifaximin could relieve GI symptoms, modify gut microbiota in IBS-D patients and eradicate SIBO in those patients with SIBO, suggesting an additional therapeutic mechanism of rifaximin in the treatment of IBS-D. Our findings of compositional gut microbiota alterations in IBS-D and the effect of rifaximin on the gut microbiota implied that altered gut microbiota were associated with the pathogenesis of IBS.
| S-EPMC6068233 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Alterations in gray matter (GM) density/volume and cortical thickness (CT) have been demonstrated in small and heterogeneous samples of subjects with differing chronic pain syndromes, including irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Aggregating across 7 structural neuroimaging studies conducted at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA, between August 2006 and April 2011, we examined group differences in regional GM volume in 201 predominantly premenopausal female subjects (82 IBS, mean age: 32±10 SD, 119 healthy controls [HCs], 30±10 SD). Applying graph theoretical methods and controlling for total brain volume, global and regional properties of large-scale structural brain networks were compared between the group with IBS and the HC group. Relative to HCs, the IBS group had lower volumes in the bilateral superior frontal gyrus, bilateral insula, bilateral amygdala, bilateral hippocampus, bilateral middle orbital frontal gyrus, left cingulate, left gyrus rectus, brainstem, and left putamen. Higher volume was found in the left postcentral gyrus. Group differences were no longer significant for most regions when controlling for the Early Trauma Inventory global score, with the exception of the right amygdala and the left postcentral gyrus. No group differences were found for measures of global and local network organization. Compared to HCs, in patients with IBS, the right cingulate gyrus and right thalamus were identified as being significantly more critical for information flow. Regions involved in endogenous pain modulation and central sensory amplification were identified as network hubs in IBS. Overall, evidence for central alterations in patients with IBS was found in the form of regional GM volume differences and altered global and regional properties of brain volumetric networks.
| S-EPMC4100785 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background and Aims: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder. However, the underlying mechanism of IBS is not fully understood. The aim of this study was to investigate potential mechanism and novel biomarkers of IBS through evaluation of the metabolomic and microbiologic profile. Methods: Fecal samples were collected from 15 irritable bowel syndrome patients and 15 healthy controls. By using gas chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOFMS) and 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing, fecal metabolites and microbiota of healthy controls and the IBS patients were measured. Results: IBS patients had a significantly differential metabolite profile as compared to healthy controls, and 4 clusters with 31 metabolites, including a group of amino acids and fatty acids, were significantly up-regulated as compared to the healthy controls. In addition, 19 microbes were significantly up-regulated, and 12 microbes were down-regulated in the IBS group, when compared with the healthy controls. Some clusters of fecal metabolites or microorganisms were significantly correlated with the severity of IBS symptoms, such as the frequency of abdominal pain/discomfort and the number of bowel movements. Correlation of the metabolite levels with abundances of microbial genera showed some statistically significant metabolite-microbe associations. Four differentially abundant amino acids clustered together were positively correlated with some microbes, including Lachnospira, Clostridium, and so on. Conclusion: The finding of this study puts a global perspective on metabolomics and microbiota profiling in IBS patients and provides a theoretical basis for future research on pathophysiology of IBS.
| S-EPMC6813219 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common gastrointestinal dysfunctional disease. The pathophysiology of IBS is, however, largely unknown. This study aimed to determine whether evaluation of fecal metabolite and microbiota profiles may offer an opportunity to identify a novel pathophysiological target for IBS, and to reveal possible gut microbe-metabolite associations. By using gas chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOFMS) and 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we measured fecal metabolites and microbiota of the control and water avoidance stress (WAS)-induced IBS rats. We found a significantly differential metabolite profile between the IBS and control groups; a cluster of metabolites was also found to be significantly associated with the amount of defecations. Moreover, the WAS group exhibited a decreased alpha diversity of the microbial population as compared to the control group. However, the characteristics of gut microbiota could not differentiate the IBS group from the control group. Correlation of the metabolite level with the number of microbial genera showed no significant association between the control and IBS groups. This study provides a global perspective on metabolomics and microbiota profiling in WAS-induced IBS model and a theoretical basis for research on the pathophysiology of IBS.
| S-EPMC6549239 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundThe intestinal microbiota is thought to be involved in the occurrence of inflammatory bowel disease in remission with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)-type symptoms, but the specific distinct profile of these bacteria remains unclear. This cross-sectional study aims to investigate the fecal microbiota profiling in patients with these diseases.MethodsFecal samples from 97 subjects, including Crohn's disease patients in remission with IBS-type symptoms (CDR-IBS+) or without IBS-type symptoms (CDR-IBS-), ulcerative colitis patients in remission with IBS-type symptoms (UCR-IBS+) or without IBS-type symptoms (UCR-IBS-), IBS patients and healthy controls, were collected and applied 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) gene sequencing. The V4 hypervariable regions of 16S rDNA gene were amplified and sequenced by the Illumina MiSeq platform. The differences in the sample diversity index in groups were analyzed with R software.ResultsThe richness of the intestinal microbiota in the CDR-IBS group was markedly lower than those in the control and IBS groups based on the analysis of observed species and the Chao index (P < 0.05). The observed species index in the CDR-IBS+ group was higher than that in the CDR-IBS- group (median index: 254.8 vs 203, P = 0.036). No difference was found in alpha diversity between UCR patients with IBS-type symptoms and those without related symptoms. At the genus level, the number of Faecalibacterium in CDR patients with IBS-type symptoms increased significantly, while Fusobacterium decreased versus those without such symptoms (mean relative abundance of Faecalibacterium: 20.35% vs 5.18%, P < 0.05; Fusobacterium: 1.51% vs 5.2%, P < 0.05). However, compared with the UCR-IBS- group, the number of Faecalibacterium in the UCR-IBS+ group decreased, while the number of Streptococcus increased, but there was no significant difference in the genus structure. The abundance and composition of the microbiota of IBS patients were not distinct from those of healthy controls.ConclusionsThe IBS-type symptoms in CD patients in remission may be related to an increase in Faecalibacterium and a decrease in Fusobacterium. The IBS-type symptoms in UC patients in remission cannot be explained by changes in the abundance and structure of the intestinal microbiota.
| S-EPMC8603515 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundThere is growing recognition that bidirectional signaling between the digestive tract and the brain contributes to irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). We recently showed in a large randomized controlled trial that cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) reduces IBS symptom severity. This study investigated whether baseline brain and gut microbiome parameters predict CBT response and whether response is associated with changes in the brain-gut-microbiome (BGM) axis.MethodsEighty-four Rome III-diagnosed IBS patients receiving CBT were drawn from the Irritable Bowel Syndrome Outcome Study (IBSOS; ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00738920) for multimodal brain imaging and psychological assessments at baseline and after study completion. Fecal samples were collected at baseline and post-treatment from 34 CBT recipients for 16S rRNA gene sequencing, untargeted metabolomics, and measurement of short-chain fatty acids. Clinical measures, brain functional connectivity and microstructure, and microbiome features associated with CBT response were identified by multivariate linear and negative binomial models.ResultsAt baseline, CBT responders had increased fecal serotonin levels, and increased Clostridiales and decreased Bacteroides compared to non-responders. A random forests classifier containing 11 microbial genera predicted CBT response with high accuracy (AUROC 0.96). Following treatment, CBT responders demonstrated reduced functional connectivity in regions of the sensorimotor, brainstem, salience, and default mode networks and changes in white matter in the basal ganglia and other structures. Brain changes correlated with microbiome shifts including Bacteroides expansion in responders.ConclusionsPre-treatment intestinal microbiota and serotonin levels were associated with CBT response, suggesting that peripheral signals from the microbiota can modulate central processes affected by CBT that generate abdominal symptoms in IBS. CBT response is characterized by co-correlated shifts in brain networks and gut microbiome that may reflect top-down effects of the brain on the microbiome during CBT. Video abstract.
| S-EPMC8630837 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND: Recently, several studies have shown an alteration in bowel function during sleep in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and a recent study also suggests a remarkable increase in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. These studies have suggested that an alteration in CNS function may play an important role in the pathogenesis of IBS. AIMS: To confirm the presence of an alteration in REM sleep in patients with IBS and to assess the relation between sleep and a non-invasive measure of gastric functioning, the electrogastrogram (EGG). PATIENTS: Ten patients with IBS and 10 age and sex matched normal volunteers. METHODS: All subjects slept one night in the sleep laboratory and underwent polysomnographic monitoring to determine sleep patterns, and recording of the EGG from surface electrodes. RESULTS: The IBS group had a notable and significant increase in the percentage and duration of REM sleep (p < 0.05). The control group had a decrease in the amplitude of the dominant EGG frequency from waking to non-REM sleep (p < 0.05), and a subsequent increase in the amplitude from non-REM to REM sleep (p < 0.05). No such changes were noted in the patients with IBS. CONCLUSIONS: Results confirmed the enhancement of REM sleep in patients with IBS and suggested an intrinsic alteration in autonomic and CNS functioning in patients with IBS.
| S-EPMC1891498 | biostudies-other
Project description:Alterations of the gut microbiota have been reported in various gastrointestinal disorders, but knowledge of the mycobiome is limited. We investigated the gut mycobiome of 80 patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) in comparison with 64 control subjects. The fungal-specific internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS-1) amplicon was sequenced, and mycobiome zero-radius operational taxonomic units (zOTUs) were defined representing known and unknown species and strains. The fungal community was sparse and individual-specific in all (both IBS and control) subjects. Although beta-diversity differed significantly between IBS and controls, no difference was found among clinical subtypes of IBS or in comparison with the mycobiome of subjects with bile acid malabsorption (BAM), a condition which may overlap with IBS with diarrhoea. The mycobiome alterations co-varied significantly with the bacteriome and metabolome but were not linked with dietary habits. As a putative biomarker of IBS, the predictive power of the fecal mycobiome in machine learning models was significantly better than random but insufficient for clinical diagnosis. The mycobiome presents limited therapeutic and diagnostic potential for IBS, despite co-variation with bacterial components which do offer such potential.
| S-EPMC7794320 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveTo explore alterations in fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and gut microbiota in patients with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel disease (IBS-D) and their relationships with clinical manifestations.MethodsWe recruited 162 patients with IBS-D and 66 healthy controls (HC). Their manifestations and psychological status were evaluated using the IBS severity scoring system and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Colorectal visceral sensitivity was evaluated using a barostat. Systemic inflammation was evaluated using plasma cytokine levels. Fecal SCFA were quantified using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and fecal microbiota communities were analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing.ResultsMore men presented with IBS-D than women in our patient cohort. Patients with IBS-D had more severe manifestations, higher HADS score, and a higher rate of previous infectious enteritis than HC. Notably, female patients had significantly higher HADS scores than male patients. Male patients had significantly higher levels of plasma interleukin (IL)-12, fecal propionate and colorectal visceral sensitivity than male HC, while no differences were observed between female patients and female HC. Fecal acetate, butyrate and valerate correlated with the initial visceral sensory threshold, stressors, and IL-10 and IL-12 levels. The propionate-producing Prevotella 9 genus was significantly increased in male patients and positively correlated with fecal propionate.ConclusionDistinct sex-based differences in clinical manifestations, fecal SCFA and microbiota richness are found in Chinese patients with IBS-D, which may be used to diagnose dysbiosis in these patients.
| S-EPMC8252430 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundGut microbiota alterations are important in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The aim was to investigate the effect of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) on gut microbiota and the symptoms in patients with IBS.Material and methodsThe study included 13 IBS patients according to Rome III criteria and 13 healthy donors. Freshly donated feces were administered to the descending part of the duodenum via a gastroscope. Feces were collected from donors and patients before FMT, and from the patients at 1, 3 and 12 weeks and donors and patients at 20/28 weeks after FMT. Microbiota analysis was performed using GA-map Dysbiosis test (Genetic Analysis AS, Oslo, Norway). The patients completed the following questionnaires before and at the aforementioned weeks after FMT: IBS Symptom Questionnaire (IBS-SQ), IBS-Symptom Severity Scoring system (IBS-SSS), Short Form of Nepean Dyspepsia Index (SF-NDI), Bristol stool form scale, the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Neuroticism and Hospital Anxiety and Depression.ResultsDonors and IBS patients had significantly different bacterial strain signals before FMT (Ruminococcus gnavus, Actinobacteria and Bifidobacteria) that became non-significant after 3 weeks following FMT. The changes in gut microbiota were similar between donors and patients at 20/28 weeks after FMT. Thus, patients' microbiota profiles became more-or-less similar to donors. The scores of all the questionnaires were significantly improved at all time points following FMT. No reported adverse effects.ConclusionsFMT was associated with a change in gut microbiota and improvement in IBS symptoms and quality of life lasting for up to 28 weeks.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03333291.
| S-EPMC6235238 | biostudies-literature