Dataset Information

Tracking of dietary patterns between pregnancy and 6 years post-pregnancy in a multiethnic Asian cohort: the Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) study.

ABSTRACT:

Purpose

Few studies have described adherence to dietary patterns over time in women of childbearing age. This study aims to describe, examine the stability and changes in dietary patterns between pregnancy and 6 years post-pregnancy and the sociodemographic and lifestyle factors influencing the adherence over time.

Methods

During pregnancy and at 6 years post-pregnancy, 24-h recalls and food frequency questionnaires were collected, respectively, from 709 women. Data on sociodemographic and lifestyle factors were collected via questionnaires. Dietary patterns were identified using principal component analysis and stability assessed using Pearson's correlation coefficients (r) and Cohen's weighted kappa (κ). Associations with sociodemographic characteristics were assessed by multiple logistic regression.

Results

The 'Fruits, Vegetables and Legumes' (FVL) and 'Seafood, Noodle, Soup' (SNS) patterns were identified at both time points, with low correlation for the dietary pattern z scores (r 0.2 and 0.3, respectively) and modest agreement in tertile assignment, suggesting poor stability. An 'unhealthy' pattern was only observed at 6 years post-pregnancy. Women who showed increased adherence to FVL pattern had higher educational attainment and exhibited healthy lifestyle behaviours. Women who had gestational diabetes during pregnancy were less likely to decrease adherence to FVL pattern over time. Women who adhered more closely to the 'unhealthy' pattern at 6 years post-pregnancy tended to be younger, of Malay ethnicity, had lower socioeconomic status, were less physically active and had additional pregnancies.

Conclusions

Dietary habits of women became less healthy during the transition from pregnancy to 6 years post-pregnancy. However, results should be interpreted with caution due to the different dietary assessment tools used at the two time points.

SUBMITTER: Lee YQ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7612407 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Tracking of dietary patterns between pregnancy and 6 years post-pregnancy in a multiethnic Asian cohort: the Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) study.

Lee Yu Qi YQ Colega Marjorelee M Sugianto Ray R Lai Jun Shi JS Godfrey Keith M KM Tan Kok Hian KH Shek Lynette Pei-Chi LP Loy See Ling SL Müller-Riemenschneider Falk F Padmapriya Natarajan N Chong Yap Seng YS Eriksson Johan Gunnar JG Chan Jerry Kok Yen JKY Chan Shiao-Yng SY Tai Bee Choo BC Chong Mary Foong-Fong MF

European journal of nutrition 20211023 2

<h4>Purpose</h4>Few studies have described adherence to dietary patterns over time in women of childbearing age. This study aims to describe, examine the stability and changes in dietary patterns between pregnancy and 6 years post-pregnancy and the sociodemographic and lifestyle factors influencing the adherence over time.<h4>Methods</h4>During pregnancy and at 6 years post-pregnancy, 24-h recalls and food frequency questionnaires were collected, respectively, from 709 women. Data on sociodemogr ...[more]

PMID: 34686887

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Project description:BackgroundEvidence linking maternal diet quality during pregnancy with infant birth outcomes is limited in Asia.ObjectiveWe investigated the association of maternal diet quality with the risk of preterm birth, offspring birth size, and adiposity in a multiethnic Asian birth cohort.DesignDietary intakes of 1051 pregnant women were ascertained at 26-28 wk of gestation with the use of 24-h recalls and 3-d food diaries, from which diet quality (score range: 0-100) was measured by the Healthy Eating Index for pregnant women in Singapore (HEI-SGP). Gestational age was established by first-trimester ultrasound dating scan. Neonatal weight and length were measured at birth. Body composition was assessed by air displacement plethysmography in a subset of infants (n = 313) within 72 h after birth, and abdominal adiposity was assessed by MRI (n = 316) within the first 2 wk of life. Associations were assessed by multivariable linear regression for continuous outcomes and logistic regression for preterm birth.ResultsThe mean ± SD maternal HEI-SGP score was 52.1 ± 13.6. Maternal diet quality during pregnancy was not associated with preterm birth or birth weight. Greater adherence to the HEI-SGP (per 10-point increment in HEI-SGP score) was associated with longer birth length [β (95% CI): 0.14 (0.03, 0.24 cm)], lower body mass index (in kg/m2) at birth [-0.07 (-0.13, -0.01)], lower sum of triceps and subscapular skinfold thickness [-0.15 (-0.26, -0.05 mm)], lower percentage body fat [-0.52% (-0.84%, -0.20%)], lower fat mass [-17.23 (-29.52, -4.94 g)], lower percentage abdominal superficial subcutaneous adipose tissue [-0.16% (-0.30%, -0.01%)], and lower percentage deep subcutaneous adipose tissue [-0.06% (-0.10%, -0.01%)].ConclusionsHigher maternal diet quality during pregnancy was associated with longer birth length and lower neonatal adiposity but not with birth weight and preterm birth. These findings warrant further investigation in independent studies. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01174875.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Infant body composition has been associated with later metabolic disease risk, but few studies have examined the association between maternal macronutrient intake and neonatal body composition. Furthermore, most of those studies have used proxy measures of body composition that may not reflect body fat distribution, particularly abdominal internal adiposity. OBJECTIVE:We investigated the relation between maternal macronutrient intake and neonatal abdominal adiposity measured by using MRI in a multiethnic Asian mother-offspring cohort. METHODS:The macronutrient intake of mothers was ascertained by using a 24-h dietary recall at 26-28 wk gestation. Neonatal abdominal adiposity was assessed by using MRI in week 2 of life. Mother-offspring dyads with complete macronutrient intake and adiposity information (n = 320) were included in the analysis. Associations were assessed by both substitution and addition models with the use of multivariable linear regressions. RESULTS:Mothers (mean age: 30 y) consumed (mean ± SD) 15.5% ± 4.3% of their energy from protein, 32.4% ± 7.7% from fat, and 52.1% ± 9.0% from carbohydrate. A higher-protein, lower-carbohydrate or -fat diet during pregnancy was associated with lower abdominal internal adipose tissue (IAT) in the neonates [? (95% CI): -0.18 mL (-0.35, -0.001 mL) per 1% protein-to-carbohydrate substitution and -0.25 mL (-0.46, -0.04 mL) per 1% protein-to-fat substitution]. These associations were stronger in boys than in girls (P-interaction < 0.05). Higher maternal intake of animal protein, but not plant protein, was associated with lower offspring IAT. In contrast, maternal macronutrient intake was not associated consistently with infant anthropometric measurements, including abdominal circumference and subscapular skinfold thickness. CONCLUSIONS:Higher maternal protein intake at the expense of carbohydrate or fat intake at 26-28 wk gestation was associated with lower abdominal internal adiposity in neonates. Optimizing maternal dietary balance might be a new approach to improve offspring body composition. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01174875.

Project description:BackgroundGestational diabetes is associated with unfavorable body fat distribution in offspring. However, less is known about the effects across the range of maternal gestational glycemia on offspring abdominal adiposity (AA) in infancy and early childhood.ObjectivesThis study determined the association between gestational glycemia and offspring AA measured by MRI in the neonatal period and during the preschool years.MethodsParticipants were mother-offspring pairs from the GUSTO (Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes) prospective cohort study. Children who underwent MRI within 2 wk postdelivery (n = 305) and/or at preschool age, 4.5 y (n = 273), and whose mothers had a 2-h 75-g oral-glucose-tolerance test (OGTT) at 26-28 weeks of gestation were included. AA measured by adipose tissue compartment volumes-abdominal superficial (sSAT), deep subcutaneous (dSAT), and internal (IAT) adipose tissue-was quantified from MRI images.ResultsAdjusting for potential confounders including maternal prepregnancy BMI, each 1-mmol/L increase in maternal fasting glucose was associated with higher SD scores for sSAT (0.66; 95% CI: 0.45, 0.86), dSAT (0.65; 95% CI: 0.44, 0.87), and IAT (0.64; 95% CI: 0.42, 0.86) in neonates. Similarly, each 1-mmol/L increase in 2-h OGTT glucose was associated with higher neonatal sSAT (0.11; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.19) and dSAT (0.09; 95% CI: 0.00, 0.17). These associations were stronger in female neonates but only persisted in girls between fasting glucose, and sSAT and dSAT at 4.5 y.ConclusionsA positive association between maternal glycemia and neonatal AA was observed across the whole range of maternal mid-gestation glucose concentrations. These findings may lend further support to efforts toward optimizing maternal hyperglycemia during pregnancy. The study also provides suggestive evidence on sex differences in the impact of maternal glycemia, which merits further confirmation in other studies.This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01174875.

Dataset Information

Tracking of dietary patterns between pregnancy and 6 years post-pregnancy in a multiethnic Asian cohort: the Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) study.

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Tracking of dietary patterns between pregnancy and 6 years post-pregnancy in a multiethnic Asian cohort: the Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) study.

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