Dataset Information

Haemolymphatic cancer among children in Sardinia, Italy: 1974-2003 incidence.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVES:To explore the time trend and geographical distribution of childhood leukaemia incidence over the territory of the Italian region of Sardinia. SETTING:All hospitals departments, diagnostic centres and social security agencies in Sardinia were regularly screened in 1974-2003 to identify, register and review the diagnoses of incident cases of haematological malignancies (HM). PARTICIPANTS:The whole child population aged 0-14 resident in Sardinia. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES:Incidence and time trend of childhood HM and childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) over the study period, and use of Bayesian methods to plot the probability of areas with excess incidence on the regional map. RESULTS:Overall, 675 HM cases, including 378 ALL cases, occurred among children aged 0-14 years resident in Sardinia in 1974-2003, with an incidence rate of 6.97×10-5 (95%?CI 6.47 to 7.51) and 3.85×10-5 (95%?CI 3.48 to 4.26), respectively. Incidence of HM and ALL showed an upward trend along the study period especially among females. Three communes out of the 356 existing in 1974, namely Ittiri, Villa San Pietro and Carbonia, stand out as areas with excess incidence of HM and ALL in particular and another, Carloforte, for ALL only. CONCLUSIONS:Our results might serve as convincing arguments for extending the coverage of routine cancer registration over the whole Sardinian population, while prompting further research on the genetic and environmental determinants in the areas at risk.

SUBMITTER: Broccia G

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7640504 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Haemolymphatic cancer among children in Sardinia, Italy: 1974-2003 incidence.

Broccia Giorgio G Carter Jonathan J Ozsin-Ozler Cansu C Meloni Federico F Pilia Ilaria I Satta Giannina G Murgia Giulio G Campagna Marcello M Cocco Pierluigi P

BMJ open 20201103 11

<h4>Objectives</h4>To explore the time trend and geographical distribution of childhood leukaemia incidence over the territory of the Italian region of Sardinia.<h4>Setting</h4>All hospitals departments, diagnostic centres and social security agencies in Sardinia were regularly screened in 1974-2003 to identify, register and review the diagnoses of incident cases of haematological malignancies (HM).<h4>Participants</h4>The whole child population aged 0-14 resident in Sardinia.<h4>Primary and sec ...[more]

PMID: 33148724

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Project description:Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence in the United States is declining rapidly overall but, curiously, is increasing among young adults. Age-specific and birth cohort patterns can provide etiologic clues, but have not been recently examined. CRC incidence trends in Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results areas from 1974 to 2013 (n = 490 305) were analyzed by five-year age group and birth cohort using incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and age-period-cohort modeling. After decreasing in the previous decade, colon cancer incidence rates increased by 1.0% to 2.4% annually since the mid-1980s in adults age 20 to 39 years and by 0.5% to 1.3% since the mid-1990s in adults age 40 to 54 years; rectal cancer incidence rates have been increasing longer and faster (eg, 3.2% annually from 1974-2013 in adults age 20-29 years). In adults age 55 years and older, incidence rates generally declined since the mid-1980s for colon cancer and since 1974 for rectal cancer. From 1989-1990 to 2012-2013, rectal cancer incidence rates in adults age 50 to 54 years went from half those in adults age 55 to 59 to equivalent (24.7 vs 24.5 per 100 000 persons: IRR = 1.01, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.92 to 1.10), and the proportion of rectal cancer diagnosed in adults younger than age 55 years doubled from 14.6% (95% CI = 14.0% to 15.2%) to 29.2% (95% CI = 28.5% to 29.9%). Age-specific relative risk by birth cohort declined from circa 1890 until 1950, but continuously increased through 1990. Consequently, compared with adults born circa 1950, those born circa 1990 have double the risk of colon cancer (IRR = 2.40, 95% CI = 1.11 to 5.19) and quadruple the risk of rectal cancer (IRR = 4.32, 95% CI = 2.19 to 8.51). Age-specific CRC risk has escalated back to the level of those born circa 1890 for contemporary birth cohorts, underscoring the need for increased awareness among clinicians and the general public, as well as etiologic research to elucidate causes for the trend. Further, as nearly one-third of rectal cancer patients are younger than age 55 years, screening initiation before age 50 years should be considered.

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Dataset Information

Haemolymphatic cancer among children in Sardinia, Italy: 1974-2003 incidence.

Publications

Haemolymphatic cancer among children in Sardinia, Italy: 1974-2003 incidence.

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