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Optical coherence tomography angiography measured area of retinal neovascularization is predictive of treatment response and progression of disease in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

ABSTRACT: Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the area of retinal neovascularization in patients with treatment-naïve proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) as measured by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) as a marker of subsequent treatment response after panretinal photocoagulation (PRP), and to examine if this area correlated with area of retinal neovascularization as measured by fluorescein angiography (FA).

Methods: En face OCT-A scans (4.5 ×?4.5 mm) of neovascularizations were obtained at baseline (BL) before PRP and at month (M) 3 and M6 after treatment. Progression of PDR were defined as lesion growth (assessed by ophthalmoscopy and wide-field fundus photo) or increasing leakage by Optos ultra-widefield FA, and patients were divided into two groups; progression or non-progression. Mann-Whitney U test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used to analyse differences between groups and between time points. Areas of retinal neovascularizations (OCT-A and FA) were calculated by algorithms developed in Python (version 3.6.8, The Python Software Foundation, USA).

Results: Of 21 eyes included, 14 had progression of disease. Median OCT-A area did not differ between the two groups (progression vs. non-progression) at BL (76.40?±?162.03 vs. 72.62?±?94.15, p?=?0.43) but were statistically significantly larger in the progression group at M6 (276.69?±?168.78 vs. 61.30?±?70.90, p?=?0.025). Median FA area did not differ in the progression vs. the non-progression group at BL (111.42?±?143.08 vs. 60.80?±?54.83, p?=?0.05) or at M6 (200.12?±?91.81 vs. 123.86?±?162.16, p?=?0.62). Intraclass correlation between area by OCT-A and FA was -5.99 (95% CI: -35.28-0.993), p?=?0.71.

Conclusions: In this study of patients with treatment-naïve PDR, we showed that increasing area of retinal neovascularizations measured by OCT-A at M6 indicated progression of disease after PRP treatment. Our results suggest that area by OCT-A reflects disease activity and that it can be used as an indicator to monitor the progression of PDR over time, and to evaluate treatment response six months after PRP. Trial registration https://clinicaltrials.gov (identifier: NCT03113006). Registered April 13, 2017.

SUBMITTER: Vergmann AS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7640645 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Optical coherence tomography angiography measured area of retinal neovascularization is predictive of treatment response and progression of disease in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Vergmann Anna Stage AS Sørensen Kristian Tølbøl KT Torp Thomas Lee TL Kawasaki Ryo R Wong Tien T Peto Tunde T Grauslund Jakob J

International journal of retina and vitreous 20201104 1

<h4>Background</h4>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the area of retinal neovascularization in patients with treatment-naïve proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) as measured by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) as a marker of subsequent treatment response after panretinal photocoagulation (PRP), and to examine if this area correlated with area of retinal neovascularization as measured by fluorescein angiography (FA).<h4>Methods</h4>En face OCT-A scans (4.5 × 4.5 mm) of ...[more]

PMID: 33292695

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Project description:Background:Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of blindness due to diabetic macular edema (DME) or complications of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a noninvasive imaging technique well established for DME but less used to assess neovascularization in PDR. Developments in OCT imaging and the introduction of OCT angiography (OCTA) have shown significant potential in PDR. Objectives:To describe the tomographic features of PDR, namely of neovascularization, both of the optic disc (NVD) and elsewhere (NVE), intraretinal microvascular abnormalities (IRMA), retinal nonperfusion areas (NPA), status of the posterior vitreous, vitreoschisis and vitreous and subhyaloid/sub-ILM hemorrhages. Data sources:Electronic database search on PubMed and EMBASE, last run on December 19th 2019. Study eligibility criteria participants and interventions:Publications assessing OCT and/or OCTA findings in PDR patients. All study designs were allowed except for case-reports, conference proceedings and letters. Study appraisal:Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for observational studies was used for purposes of risk of bias assessment. Results:From the 1300 studies identified, 283 proceeded to full-text assessment and 60 were included in this comprehensive review. OCT was useful in detecting NVD and NVE, such as in characterizing disease activity and response to laser and/or anti-VEGF therapies. The absence of posterior vitreous detachment seemed determinant for neovascular growth, with the posterior hyaloid acting as a scaffold. OCTA allowed a more detailed characterization of the neovascular complexes, associated NPA and disease activity, allowing the quantification of neovessel area and flow index. However, changes in OCTA blood flow signal following local therapies did not necessarily correlate with structural regression. Widefield and ultra-widefield OCTA were highly sensitive in the detection of PDR, adding value to disease staging and monitoring. Compared to fluorescein angiography, OCTA was more sensitive in detecting microvascular changes indicating disease progression. Limitations:Publication languages were restricted. Most included studies were observational and non-comparative. Risk of bias regarding case representativeness. Conclusions:OCT-based retinal imaging technologies are advancing rapidly and the trend is to be noninvasive and wide-field. OCT has proven invaluable in diagnosing, staging and management of proliferative diabetic disease with daily application in clinical and surgical practices.

Dataset Information

Optical coherence tomography angiography measured area of retinal neovascularization is predictive of treatment response and progression of disease in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Publications

Optical coherence tomography angiography measured area of retinal neovascularization is predictive of treatment response and progression of disease in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

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