Dataset Information

Associations of Novel Dietary and Lifestyle Inflammation Scores with Incident, Sporadic Colorectal Adenoma.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Colorectal carcinogenesis is mechanistically linked to inflammation and is highly associated with diet and lifestyle factors that may affect chronic inflammation. We previously developed dietary (DIS) and lifestyle (LIS) inflammation scores, comprising inflammation biomarker-weighted components, to characterize the collective contributions of 19 food groups and four lifestyle exposures to systemic inflammation. Both scores were more strongly directly associated with circulating inflammation biomarkers in three validation populations, including a subset of the study population described below, than were the previously reported dietary inflammatory index and empirical dietary inflammatory pattern.

Methods

We calculated the DIS and LIS in three pooled case-control studies of incident, sporadic colorectal adenoma (N = 765 cases and 1,986 controls) with extensive dietary and lifestyle data, and investigated their associations with adenoma using multivariable unconditional logistic regression.

Results

For those in the highest (more proinflammatory) relative to the lowest (more anti-inflammatory) quintiles of the DIS and LIS, the multivariable-adjusted ORs were 1.31 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.98-1.75; P _trend = 0.09] and 1.98 (95% CI, 1.48-2.66; P _trend < 0.001), respectively. These associations were strongest for adenomas with high-risk characteristics and among men. Those in the highest relative to the lowest joint DIS/LIS quintile had a 2.65-fold higher odds (95% CI, 1.77-3.95) of colorectal adenoma.

Conclusions

These results support that diets and lifestyles with higher balances of pro- to anti-inflammatory exposures may be associated with higher risk for incident, sporadic colorectal adenoma.

Impact

Our findings support further investigation of the DIS and LIS in relation to colorectal neoplasms.

SUBMITTER: Byrd DA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7641945 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:BackgroundChronically higher inflammation, which may partly result from diet and lifestyle, is implicated in risk for multiple chronic diseases. The dietary inflammatory index (DII) and empirical dietary inflammatory pattern (EDIP), developed to characterize dietary contributions to systemic inflammation, have several limitations. There are no scores to characterize contributions of lifestyle to inflammation.ObjectivesTo reflect dietary/lifestyle contributions to inflammation, we developed novel, inflammation biomarker panel-weighted, dietary (DIS) and lifestyle (LIS) inflammation scores in a subset (n = 639) of the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke Study (REGARDS) cohort.MethodsWe selected a priori 19 food groups and 4 lifestyle characteristics to comprise the DIS and LIS, respectively. We calculated the components' weights based on their strengths of association with an inflammation biomarker score [comprising high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10] using multivariable linear regression. The sums of the weighted components constitute the scores, such that higher scores reflect, on balance, more proinflammatory exposures. We calculated the DIS, LIS, DII, and EDIP with cross-sectional data from the remaining REGARDS cohort ( n = 14,210 with hsCRP measurements) and 2 other study populations with hsCRP and/or an 8-component inflammation biomarker panel, and investigated their associations with circulating inflammation biomarker concentrations using multivariable logistic regression.ResultsIn REGARDS, those in the highest relative to the lowest DIS, LIS, DII, and EDIP quintiles had statistically significant 1.66-, 4.29-, 1.56-, and 1.32-fold higher odds of a high hsCRP concentration (>3 mg/dL), respectively (all P-trend < 0.001). Those in the highest relative to the lowest joint DIS/LIS quintile had a statistically significant 7.26-fold higher odds of a high hsCRP concentration. Similar findings were noted in the other 2 validation populations.ConclusionOur results support that dietary and lifestyle exposures collectively contribute substantially to systemic inflammation, and support the use of our novel DIS and LIS.

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