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Effects of topical application of 0.4% oxybuprocaine hydrochloride ophthalmic solution and 1% ropivacaine hydrochloride on corneal sensitivity in rats.

ABSTRACT: The aim of the present study was to determine and compare the degree and duration of corneal anesthesia following topical application of 0.4% oxybuprocaine hydrochloride ophthalmic solution and 1% ropivacaine hydrochloride treatment in healthy rats. A randomized, blinded, crossover study was conducted on 20 healthy adult Wistar rats, following complete physical and ophthalmological examination. Baseline corneal touch threshold (CTT) was determined in the central corneal area of both eyes with a Cochet-Bonnet aesthesiometer, in mm filament length. Oxybuprocaine was randomly applied to one eye and 0.9% sterile sodium chloride solution was instilled into the contralateral eye. Subsequent CTT measurements were performed in both eyes 5 minutes after topical application and at 5-minute intervals thereafter for 75-minutes in the anesthetized eye. Following a 2-week washout period, this protocol was repeated with ropivacaine. Quantitative data were summarized as mean ± standard deviation, median and inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3). Repeated measures data were analyzed over time and between treatments using Friedman test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test with Bonferroni adjustment (p < 0.05). Baseline CTT values were 60 mm in all eyes. With oxybuprocaine, CTT values decreased significantly for 65 minutes (0-55 mm; p = 0.002) when compared with baseline; the maximal anesthetic effect (no blink response at 5 mm filament length) was maintained for up to 15 minutes (p < 0.0001). With ropivacaine, CTT values were significantly lower than baseline for 30 minutes (0-55 mm; p = 0.002), with a maximal anesthetic effect recorded at 5 minutes in 18 eyes (p < 0.0001). Oxybuprocaine induced a significantly lower CTT than ropivacaine (p = 0.002) from 10 to 65 minutes following topical application. Both anesthetic agents induced significant corneal anesthesia; however, oxybuprocaine provided a greater and longer anesthetic effect, making it more suitable for potentially painful ophthalmologic procedures.

SUBMITTER: Lelescu CA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7644035 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effects of topical application of 0.4% oxybuprocaine hydrochloride ophthalmic solution and 1% ropivacaine hydrochloride on corneal sensitivity in rats.

Lelescu Cristina A CA Urdă-Cîmpean Andrada E AE Dumitraș Daria A DA Taulescu Marian M Mureșan Cosmin C

PloS one 20201105 11

The aim of the present study was to determine and compare the degree and duration of corneal anesthesia following topical application of 0.4% oxybuprocaine hydrochloride ophthalmic solution and 1% ropivacaine hydrochloride treatment in healthy rats. A randomized, blinded, crossover study was conducted on 20 healthy adult Wistar rats, following complete physical and ophthalmological examination. Baseline corneal touch threshold (CTT) was determined in the central corneal area of both eyes with a ...[more]

PMID: 33151993

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Project description:PURPOSE:To evaluate the presence and concentration of citicoline and its metabolites (choline, cytidine and uridine) in the vitreous body in human eyes after topical application of an ophthalmic solution of citicoline 2%, in vivo. METHODS:Twenty-one subjects affected by epiretinal membrane with surgical indication for pars-plana vitrectomy underwent treatment with 1 drop 3 times/day of a solution of citicoline 2%, 0.2% high molecular weight hyaluronic acid and 0.01% benzalkonium chloride (OMK1, Omikron Italia s.r.l., Rome, Italy) 14 days before surgery and 2 hours prior to surgery. Five additional patients served as controls and received an OMK1 vehicle solution without citicoline. The vitreous samples were taken at the beginning of the pars-plana vitrectomy and analyzed for qualitative/quantitative determination of vitreous concentration of citicoline and its metabolites by means of high performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS:The overall mean concentration of citicoline in patients treated with citicoline 2% solution was 406.72 ± 52.99 ?g/mL, while the mean concentration of choline, cytidine and uridine was 180.88 ± 41.49 ?g/mL, 44.45 ± 10.19 ?g/mL and 330.41 ± 75.8 ?g/mL, respectively. The concentration of citicoline in phakic eyes (n = 13, 366.61 ± 129.61 ?g/mL) was lower compared to that found in pseudophakic eyes (n = 8, 435.89 ± 131.42 ?g/mL) and the difference was not statistically significant. The concentration of citicoline in the control eyes was 45.66 ± 26.36 ?g/mL, while the concentration of choline, cytidine and uridine were 17.21 ± 9.93 ?g/mL, 6.24 ± 3.6 ?g/mL and 172.80 ± 99.76 ?g/mL, respectively. CONCLUSION:Citicoline can reach the human vitreous in high concentration when administered in ophthalmic solution. This evidence contributes to the build-up of the pyramid of the evidences required for determining the role of citicoline administered in ophthalmic formulation in retinal and optic nerve neurodegenerative diseases.

Dataset Information

Effects of topical application of 0.4% oxybuprocaine hydrochloride ophthalmic solution and 1% ropivacaine hydrochloride on corneal sensitivity in rats.

Publications

Effects of topical application of 0.4% oxybuprocaine hydrochloride ophthalmic solution and 1% ropivacaine hydrochloride on corneal sensitivity in rats.

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