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Constipation and the Quality of Life in Conservatively Treated Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: A Cross-sectional Study.

ABSTRACT: Background: Constipation is a common gastrointestinal disorder that in general population is associated with worse health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The epidemiology of constipation has not been reliably determined in conservatively-treated CKD patients. We aimed to determine the prevalence of constipation and constipation-related symptoms in conservatively-treated CKD patients, to find factors associated with their altered prevalence ratio (PR), and to verify the associations between constipation and HRQoL. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 111 conservatively-treated CKD outpatients fulfilled questionnaires that included questions addressing HRQoL (SF-36v2®), constipation-related symptoms (The Patient Assessment of Constipation-Symptoms questionnaire), the Bristol stool form scale (BSFS), Rome III criteria of functional constipation (FC), and frequency of bowel movement (BM). Results: Depending on the used definition, the prevalence of constipation was 6.6-28.9%. Diuretics and paracetamol were independently associated with increased PR of BSFS-diagnosed constipation (PR 2.86, 95% CI 1.28-6.37, P = 0.01) and FC (PR 2.67, 95% CI 1.07-6.64, P = 0.035), respectively. The most commonly reported symptoms were bloating (50.9%) and straining to pass a BM (42.7%). Abdominal discomfort (37.3%) was independently associated with worse scores in all analyzed HRQoL domains. In multiple regressions, FC and having <7 BM/week, but not BSFS-diagnosed constipation, were associated with lower scores in several HRQoL domains. Conclusions: Constipation and related symptoms are prevalent in CKD patients. FC and decreased frequency of defecation, but not BSFS-diagnosed constipation, are associated with worse assessment of HRQoL in conservatively-treated CKD patients.

SUBMITTER: Ruszkowski J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7646105 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Constipation and the Quality of Life in Conservatively Treated Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: A Cross-sectional Study.

Ruszkowski Jakub J Heleniak Zbigniew Z Król Ewa E Tarasewicz Agnieszka A Gałgowska Joanna J Witkowski Jacek M JM Dębska-Ślizień Alicja A

International journal of medical sciences 20201018 18

<b>Background:</b> Constipation is a common gastrointestinal disorder that in general population is associated with worse health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The epidemiology of constipation has not been reliably determined in conservatively-treated CKD patients. We aimed to determine the prevalence of constipation and constipation-related symptoms in conservatively-treated CKD patients, to find factors associated with their altered prevalence ratio (PR), and to verify the associations betwe ...[more]

PMID: 33173416

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Project description:BackgroundLater stage chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with poorer self-perceived health-related quality of life (HRQOL), a major consideration for many patients. Psychological factors such as depression and anxiety have been linked with poorer HRQOL. We aimed to determine if anxiety or depressive symptoms are significantly associated with self-perceived health-related quality of life, in patients with CKD Stage 5. The secondary aim was to determine which patient-associated factors are associated with HRQOL in patients with CKD Stage 5.MethodsThis retrospective cross-sectional study included patients that attended the St George Hospital Kidney Supportive Care (KSC) clinic between 1 and 2015 and 30 June 2022 with CKD Stage 5 (either conservatively-managed or receiving dialysis). Patients completed surveys of their functional 'domains' and quality of life (EQ-5D-5L) and symptom surveys (IPOS-Renal) at their first visit. We performed multivariable linear regression analysis with the outcome of interest being HRQOL, measured using the EQ-VAS, a continuous 100-point scale, for patients undergoing conservative management or dialysis. Pre-specified variables included age, sex, eGFR (for those conservatively-managed), "feeling depressed" (IPOS-Renal), "feeling anxious" (IPOS-Renal) and "anxiety/depression" (EQ-5D-5L).ResultsWe included 339 patients. 216 patients received conservative kidney management (CKM) and 123 patients received dialysis. Patients receiving CKM were significantly older than those on dialysis, (median age 83 years vs. 73 years, p < 0.001). For conservatively-managed patients, variables independently associated with poorer EQ-VAS were difficulty performing usual activities (EQ-5D-5L), drowsiness (IPOS-Renal) and shortness of breath (IPOS-Renal). For patients receiving dialysis, variables that were independently associated with poorer EQ-VAS were reduced ability to perform self-care (EQ-5D-5L) and lack of energy (IPOS-Renal). Anxiety and depressive symptoms were not significantly associated with poorer EQ-VAS for either group of patients.ConclusionsSymptoms associated with reduced HRQOL include shortness of breath, drowsiness and impaired functional ability. Optimization of multidisciplinary teams focusing on these issues are likely to be of benefit.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Chronic kidney disease (CKD) leads to decreased quality of life (QOL) by increasing the risk of death during the progression of its pathogenesis. However, many factors can be improved to support QOL. This study aimed to assess QOL among CKD patients in Nepal and to determine the factors associated with their QOL. METHOD:A cross-sectional study was used for data collection. CKD cases receiving medical attention in the Bir Hospital in Mahaboudh, Kathmandu; Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital in Maharajgunj, Kathmandu; Sumeru Hospital in Dhapakhel, Lalitpur; and Shahid Dharma Bhakta National Transplant Centre in Bhaktapur between August and October 2019 were invited to participate in the study. A validated questionnaire and the kidney disease quality of life short form (KDQOL-SF™ 1.3) were used to assess QOL. A questionnaire was completed by the researcher in face-to-face interviews. Logistic regression was used to detect the associations between variables at the significance level of ??=?0.05. RESULTS:A total of 440 participants were recruited into the study: 56.59% were males, 74.32% were aged between 31 and 70?years, 25.68% were illiterate, and 82.95% were unemployed. The prevalence of good QOL among CKD in the domains of the physical component summary (PCS), mental component summary (MCS), and kidney disease component summary (KDCS) with and without hemodialysis were 53.64, 22.05, 21.28, and 13.19%, respectively. After controlling for all potential confounding factors, eight variables were found to be associated with good QOL in the domain of PCS: age, education, stage of CKD, hemodialysis, transporting oneself to a hospital, health insurance, medical expenses, and perceived lack of difficulty in handling medical expenses. Six variables were associated with good QOL in the domain of MCS after controlling for all potential confounding factors: residence, stage of CKD, transporting oneself to a hospital, health insurance, medical expenses, and perceived lack of difficulty in handling medical expenses. CONCLUSIONS:Public health interventions should be developed and implemented to improve QOL among CKD patients in Nepal by focusing on older female patients who have low education, live in rural areas and no health insurance.

Project description:INTRODUCTION:Quality of life (QoL) is increasingly being considered as an important measure of how disease affects patients' lives, especially for long-term diseases like chronic kidney disease (CKD). Even though there is no statistically significant association between stages of CKD and QoL, it is decreased in patients with early stages of the disease. Hence, this study aimed to assess QoL and its predictors among patients with CKD at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (TASH). METHODS:A cross sectional study was conducted at the nephrology clinic of TASH. A total of 256 patients were recruited through systematic random sampling. Data were collected using the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36-Items (SF-36). The data were entered into Epi Info 7.2.2.2 and analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 statistical software. Descriptive statistics like frequency, percent, mean and standard deviation were used to summarize patients' baseline characteristics. Student's unpaired t-test and ANOVA were conducted to compare two groups and more than two groups in the analysis of QoL, respectively. Multivariable linear regression was employed to investigate the potential predictors of QoL. RESULTS:Quality of life was decreased in all stages of CKD. A reduction in physical functioning (p = 0.03), bodily pain (p = 0.004), vitality (p = 0.019) and social functioning (p = 0.002) was observed progressively across stages of CKD. High income status and greater than 11g/dl hemoglobin level were found to be predictors of all high score SF-36 domains. High family income (? 15.33; 95%CI: 11.33-19.33, p<0.001), higher educational status (? 7.9; 95%CI: 4.10-11.66, p<0.001), and hemoglobin ?11g/dl (? 8.36; 95%CI: 6.31-10.41, p<0.001) were predictors of better QoL in the physical component summary, whereas absence of CKD complications (? 2.75; 95%CI: 0.56-4.94, p = 0.014), high family income (? 10.10; 95%CI: 5.10-15.10, p<0.001) and hemoglobin ?11g/dl (? 4.54, 95%CI: 2.01-7.08, p = 0.001) were predictors of better QoL in the mental component summary. CONCLUSION:In this setting, QoL decreased in CKD patients in the early stages of the disease. Study participants with low income and hemoglobin level were considered to have worse quality of life in both physical and mental component summaries.

Project description:Background: Health-related quality of life is rapidly becoming recognized as an important indicator of how a disease affects patient lives and for evaluating the quality of care, especially for chronic conditions such as chronic kidney disease (CKD). Objectives: This study is an attempt to assess the quality of life in patients with chronic kidney disease at MMIMSR and also identify characteristics that may be associated with their worsening quality of life. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional investigation was conducted at the in-patient department (IPD) of the MMIMSR hospital. This study included 105 CKD patients and used a systematic random sampling method for quantitative analysis. This study utilized a 36-item short-form SF-36 (v1.3) questionnaire to assess HRQoL in CKD patients. Descriptive statistics were employed at the baseline. Chi square and ANOVA were used to draw comparisons between two groups or more than two groups, respectively. Logistic regression analysis was utilized to identify the potential QoL determinants. A p value of 0.05 or lower was used to determine statistical significance. Results: Among a total of 105 participants, the mean (±standard deviation) age was found to be 54.53 ± 13.47 years; 48 were male patients, and 57 were female patients. Diabetes Mellitus (61.9%), hypertension (56.2%), chronic glomerulonephritis (7.6%), chronic pyelonephritis (6.7%), and polycystic kidney disease (5.7%) were identified to be the most frequent disorders associated with CKD. The current study also demonstrated that the HRQoL score domains such as symptom problem list, the effect of kidney disease, and the burden of kidney disease decline significantly and progressively as the patient advances into higher stages of CKD (p = 0.005). A similar pattern was observed in work status, sleep, and general health (p < 0.005). Additionally, a statistically significant difference was noted for cognitive function, quality of social interaction, overall health, dialysis staff encouragement, patient satisfaction, social support, physical functioning, role of physical health, pain, emotional well-being, role of emotional health, social functioning, and energy fatigue (p < 0.005). The mean difference for PCS and MCS based on CKD stages was found to be statistically significant (p < 0.005). The PCS and MCS showed a positive correlation with GFR (r = 0.521), and Hb (r = 0.378), GFR (r = 0.836), and Hb (r = 0.488), respectively. Conclusions: The findings of this study demonstrated that a significant decrease in HRQoL was observed among CKD patients, with a progressive deterioration of HRQoL dimensions as the patient advances to end-stage renal disease. This study also revealed that CKD imposes various restrictions on patients' day-to-day lives, particularly in terms of their physical and mental functioning, even in the initial stages of the disease.

Project description:BackgroundAnaemia is a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease and treating anaemia in chronic kidney disease (CKD) may improve outcomes. However, little is known about the scope to improve primary care management of anaemia in CKD.MethodsAn observational study (N = 1,099,292) with a nationally representative sample using anonymised routine primary care data from 127 Quality Improvement in CKD trial practices (ISRCTN5631023731). We explored variables associated with anaemia in CKD: eGFR, haemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), iron status, cardiovascular comorbidities, and use of therapy which associated with gastrointestinal bleeding, oral iron and deprivation score. We developed a linear regression model to identify variables amenable to improved primary care management.ResultsThe prevalence of Stage 3-5 CKD was 6.76%. Hb was lower in CKD (13.2 g/dl) than without (13.7 g/dl). 22.2% of people with CKD had World Health Organization defined anaemia; 8.6% had Hb ? 11 g/dl; 3% Hb ? 10 g/dl; and 1% Hb ? 9 g/dl. Normocytic anaemia was present in 80.5% with Hb ? 11; 72.7% with Hb ? 10 g/dl; and 67.6% with Hb ? 9 g/dl; microcytic anaemia in 13.4% with Hb ? 11 g/dl; 20.8% with Hb ? 10 g/dl; and 24.9% where Hb ? 9 g/dl. 82.7% of people with microcytic and 58.8% with normocytic anaemia (Hb ? 11 g/dl) had a low ferritin (<100 ug/mL). Hypertension (67.2% vs. 54%) and diabetes (30.7% vs. 15.4%) were more prevalent in CKD and anaemia; 61% had been prescribed aspirin; 73% non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs); 14.1% warfarin 12.4% clopidogrel; and 53.1% aspirin and NSAID. 56.3% of people with CKD and anaemia had been prescribed oral iron. The main limitations of the study are that routine data are inevitably incomplete and definitions of anaemia have not been standardised.ConclusionsMedication review is needed in people with CKD and anaemia prior to considering erythropoietin or parenteral iron. Iron stores may be depleted in over >60% of people with normocytic anaemia. Prescribing oral iron has not corrected anaemia.

Project description:IntroductionChronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with significant morbidity, mortality, healthcare cost and reduced health-related quality of life (HRQoL). This study aimed to assess HRQoL and associated factors among patients with CKD at both Zewditu Memorial and Tikur Anbessa Specialised Hospitals, Ethiopia.MethodA cross-sectional study design was performed. All patients who visited the renal clinics in both hospitals from March to July 2019 were targeted, and data were collected using interviews and medical records. HRQoL was assessed using the Kidney Disease and Quality of Life-36 tool. Normality assessment was done for HRQoL subscales. Descriptive statistics, logistic regression, t-test and one-way analysis of variance were performed.ResultA total of 300 patients with CKD were included. Around 62% of them were in either stage 3 or 4 CKD. The mean domain scores of physical component summary (PCS), mental component summary (MCS), burden of kidney disease, effect of kidney disease and symptoms and problems of kidney disease (SPKD) subscales were 50.4, 59.5, 63.1, 74.6 and 80.4, respectively. The lowest HRQoL was seen in the PCS scale, while the highest was in SPKD. In addition, the study revealed that a lower level of education, elevated serum creatinine and a history of smoking were significantly associated with poor PCS score. Further, the presence of three or more comorbidities, CKD-related complications and a lower haemoglobin level were significantly associated with poor MCS.ConclusionThe overall mean scores of PCS and MCS were low, below the standard level. Level of education, serum creatinine and smoking history were significantly associated with PCS, while the presence of comorbidity, complications and haemoglobin level were significantly associated with MCS. Stakeholders working on CKD management should design a relevant strategy targeting patients, patients' care providers and healthcare professionals to improve HRQoL of patients.

Dataset Information

Constipation and the Quality of Life in Conservatively Treated Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: A Cross-sectional Study.

Publications

Constipation and the Quality of Life in Conservatively Treated Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: A Cross-sectional Study.

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