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Preclinical Studies of MSC-Derived Extracellular Vesicles to Treat or Prevent Graft Versus Host Disease: a Systematic Review of the Literature.

ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION:Treating and preventing graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) remains a significant challenge. The use of mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) appears promising and a systematic review of preclinical studies is needed to accelerate the design of translational studies. METHODS:We identified 4 eligible studies from a systematic review performed on December 1, 2018. In brief, eligible studies included the treatment or prevention of GVHD in animal models and the use of MSC-EVs. Study design and outcome data were extracted and reporting was evaluated using the SYRCLE tool to identify potential bias. RESULTS:Two studies assessed the efficacy of MSC-EVs in treatment of GVHD and 2 studies address prevention. Mice treated with MSC-EVs showed improved median survival, GVHD clinical scores and histology scores as compared to untreated mice with GVHD. Prophylactic treatment with MSC-EVs attenuated GVHD severity and improved median survival as compared to no treatment or saline. CONCLUSION:Our systematic review provides important insight regarding the potential of MSC-EVs to treat or prevent GVHD. Although few studies were identified, improved survival and attenuated histologic findings of GVHD were observed in mice after MSC-EV administration for the treatment and prevention of GVHD. Dosing of EVs and route of administration remain inconsistent, however, and scalability of EV isolation for clinical studies remains a challenge. Standardized outcome reporting is needed to pool results for metanalysis. Graphical abstract.

SUBMITTER: Gupta M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7648545 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Preclinical Studies of MSC-Derived Extracellular Vesicles to Treat or Prevent Graft Versus Host Disease: a Systematic Review of the Literature.

Gupta Manika M Tieu Alvin A Slobodian Mitchell M Shorr Risa R Burger Dylan D Lalu Manoj M MM Allan David S DS

Stem cell reviews and reports 20201107 2

<h4>Introduction</h4>Treating and preventing graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) remains a significant challenge. The use of mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) appears promising and a systematic review of preclinical studies is needed to accelerate the design of translational studies.<h4>Methods</h4>We identified 4 eligible studies from a systematic review performed on December 1, 2018. In brief, eligible studies in ...[more]

PMID: 33159616

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Project description:IntroductionExtracellular vesicles from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC-EVs) have shown promise in wound healing. Their use in diabetic wounds specifically, however, remains pre-clinical and their efficacy remains uncertain less clear. A systematic review of preclinical studies is needed to determine the efficacy of MSC-EVs in the treatment of diabetic wounds to accelerate the clinical translation of this cell-based therapy.MethodsPubMed and Embase were searched (to June 23, 2020). All English-language, full-text, controlled interventional studies comparing MSC-EVs to placebo or a "no treatment" arm in animal models of diabetic wounds were included. Study outcomes, including wound closure (primary outcome), scar width, blood vessel number and density, and re-epithelialisation were pooled using a random effects meta-analysis. Risk of bias (ROB) was assessed using the SYRCLE tool for pre-clinical animal studies.ResultsA total of 313 unique records were identified from our search, with 10 full text articles satisfying inclusion criteria (n = 136 animals). The administration of MSC-EVs improved closure of diabetic wounds compared to controls with a large observed effect (Standardized Mean Difference (SMD) 5.48, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 3.55-8.13). Healing was further enhanced using MSC-EVs enriched in non-coding RNAs or microRNAs compared to controls (SMD 9.89, 95%CI 7.32-12.46). Other outcomes, such as blood vessel density and number, scar width, and re-epithelialisation were improved with the administration of MSC-EVs, with a large effect. ROB across studies was unclear.ConclusionMSC-EVs, particularly following enrichment for specific RNAs, are a promising treatment for diabetic wounds in pre-clinical studies and translation to the clinical domain appears warranted.RegistrationPROSPERO #CRD42020199327 [248]. Forest plot demonstrating increased wound closure rates of diabetic wounds receiving genetically modified MSC-EVs that were enriched for specific RNAs. DFO = deferoxamine. Control groups were inactive (no treatment or saline) except for 3 studies which used hydrogels without MSC-EVs as control (Li M 2016; Shi 2017; Tao 2016).

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Preclinical Studies of MSC-Derived Extracellular Vesicles to Treat or Prevent Graft Versus Host Disease: a Systematic Review of the Literature.

Publications

Preclinical Studies of MSC-Derived Extracellular Vesicles to Treat or Prevent Graft Versus Host Disease: a Systematic Review of the Literature.

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