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Serum paraoxonase 1 activity in cats: analytical validation, reference intervals, and correlation with serum amyloid A and alpha-1-acid glycoprotein.

ABSTRACT: Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is an inflammation marker associated with lipid oxidation and is used as a diagnostic marker in people. There is no information about the suitable substrate and analytic performance in cats, or its biological behavior compared with other inflammation markers. Our aims were to validate a paraoxon-based method to measure PON1 activity in feline serum, to assess stability of PON1 under different storage conditions and the impact of interfering elements, to determine a reference interval (RI) for healthy cats, and to correlate PON1 activity with 2 major acute-phase proteins. Intra- and inter-assay precision, accuracy, and RI were assessed using fresh serum. The same specimens were stored at room temperature, refrigerated, or frozen, and retested at defined intervals. Hemolysis, lipemia, and icterus were simulated to study interferences. PON1 results were compared to serum amyloid A (SAA) and alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) results. Analytical validation yielded precise and accurate results. PON1 activity is stable for up to 24 h at room temperature and up to 48 h at 4°C. Freezing at -20°C results in an increase after 72 h, with return to baseline values after 1 wk, that again increases after 6 mo. Only hyperlipemia interfered with PON1 activity. The RI based on 71 healthy cats was 58-154 U/L. PON1 activity was negatively correlated with AGP, but not with SAA. Serum PON1 activity can be measured accurately in cats, and it acts as a negative acute-phase protein.

SUBMITTER: Rossi G

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7649547 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:BackgroundSerum cystatin C (SCysC) and serum creatinine (SCr) are two biomarkers used in common practice to estimate the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). For SCysC and SCr to be used in a given population, normal values need to be determined to better assess patients. This study aimed to determine SCysC and SCr reference intervals (RIs) in a Cameroonian adult population and factors susceptible of influencing them.MethodsWe carried-out a cross-sectional study from November 2016 to May 2017 in Yaoundé, Cameroon. Participants were Cameroonians aged 18 years and above, residing inside the country and found in good health at study inclusion. SCysC and SCr were determined by particle-enhanced turbidimetric immunoassay standardized against the ERM-DA471/IFCC reference material and by the IDMS reference modified Jaffe kinetic method, respectively. RIs were determined using the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles and their respective 90% confidence intervals (CIs). The quantile regression served to identify potential factors likely influencing SCysC and SCr values.ResultsWe included 381 subjects comprising 49.1% females.. RIs for SCysC varied between 0.57 (90%CI: 0.50-0.60) and 1.03 mg/L (90%CI: 1.00-1.10) for females, and from 0.70 (90%CI: 0.60-0.70) to 1.10 mg/L (90%CI: 1.10-1.20) for males. Concerning SCr, its RIs ranged from 0.58 (90%CI: 0.54-0.61) to 1.08 mg/dL (90%CI: 1.02-1.21) for females, and from 0.74 (90%CI: 0.70-0.80) to 1.36 mg/dL (90%CI: 1.30-1.45) for males. Men had significantly higher SCysC and SCr values than women (p < 0.001). Likewise, subjects aged 50 years and above had higher SCysC values in comparison to younger age groups (p < 0.001), which was not the case for SCr values (p = 0.491). Moreover, there was a positive and significant correlation between SCysC and SCr in women (ρ = 0.55, p < 0.001), in men (ρ = 0.39, p < 0.001) and globally (ρ = 0.58; p < 0.001). Furthermore, the sex influenced both biomarkers' values across all quantile regression models while age and body surface area (BSA) influenced them inconsistently.ConclusionThis study has determined serum cystatin C and serum creatinine reference intervals in an adult Cameroonian population, whose interpretations might take into account the patient's sex and to a certain extent, his/her age and/or BSA.

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Serum paraoxonase 1 activity in cats: analytical validation, reference intervals, and correlation with serum amyloid A and alpha-1-acid glycoprotein.

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