Project description:Background and study aims Gastric per-oral endoscopic myotomy (G-POEM) has been recently compared with surgical techniques (i. e. pyloromyotomy and pyloroplasty) for managing patients with refractory gastroparesis. Given the varying results, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of available studies to assess the safety and efficacy of each technique. Patients and methods A comprehensive review of the literature using the following databases was undertaken through July 29, 2022: MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, KCI - Koran Journal index, Global Index Medicus, and Cochrane. Comparative studies including case-control, cohort and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. Random effects model using DerSimonian laird approach was used to compare outcomes. Relative risk (RR) and mean difference (MD) were calculated for binary and continuous outcomes respectively. Results A total of four studies with 385 patients (216 in the G-POEM group and 169 in the surgical group were included. The mean age was 46.9 (± 3.41) and 46.2 (± 0.86) and the female proportion was 79.6 % and 74.0 % for the G-POEM and surgery group respectively. The mean procedural time (MD: -59.47 mins, P < 0.001) and length of hospital stay (MD: -3.10 days, P < 0.001) was significantly lower for G-POEM compared to surgery. The post procedure GCSI score (MD: -0.33, P = 0.39) and reduction in GCSI score preoperatively and postoperatively (MD: 0.27, P = 0.55) was not significantly different. Conclusions G-POEM appears promising as it may provide a cost-effective approach for managing refractory gastroparesis compared to surgical techniques. RCTs are needed to further confirm these results.

| S-EPMC10072926 | biostudies-literature

Gastric peroral endoscopic pyloromyotomy (G-POEM) in patients with refractory gastroparesis: a review.

Project description:Gastric peroral endoscopic pyloromyotomy (G-POEM or POP) is an endoscopic therapeutic modality for treatment of refractory gastroparesis. Since the first case reported in 2013, there are more than 200 papers published on G-POEM. In this narrative review, we summarize the short-term and long-term outcomes and review other important studies. The technical success rate is 100% and the short-term (within 1 year) success rate is about 50-80%. The procedure time is between 50 and 70 min while the average length of hospital stay was 2-3 days. The adverse event rate was around 10%. Few patients need further intervention. Three studies showed that at the 4-year follow-up, the response to G-POEM was durable, but there was a yearly recurrence rate of 13% or more. Redo G-POEM is feasible and can be of benefit for some patients. Most of the studies showed that long duration of illness is associated with poor outcomes. However, reliable predictors for successful outcomes are still unknown. Current literature indicates G-POEM is superior to gastric electric stimulator and surgical pyloroplasty. Endoflip has been used at G-POEM to predict the outcome, but the result is very preliminary. A recent sham study confirms the short-term efficacy of G-POEM. G-POEM is safe and about 50% of patients can be discharged to home on the same day. G-POEM allows for direct biopsy of the gastric muscle, which is the location of the pacemaker cells, the interstitial cells of Cajal; therefore, G-POEM may provide a new path for further research on the pathogenesis of gastroparesis.

| S-EPMC10052481 | biostudies-literature

Lesser curve approach to gastric peroral endoscopic myotomy: a case series.

Project description:Background and aimsGastric peroral endoscopic myotomy (GPOEM) is a promising treatment for refractory gastroparesis. Initially, endoscopists performed GPOEM along the greater curve of the stomach. We, herein, present a novel modification with a lesser curve approach that offers the advantages of shorter tunnel and possibly better myotomy.MethodsThree patients with refractory gastroparesis underwent GPOEM by use of the lesser curve approach. Two of the patients had a prior GPOEM by the traditional greater curve approach. All procedures were performed with the patient under general anesthesia. The specific tools used for incision, dissection, and myotomy are described. The patients were followed up closely, and the gastroparesis cardinal symptom index (GCSI) was calculated before, and 4 weeks after, the procedure.ResultsThe pyloric ring was exposed very well with the lesser curve approach. The mean procedure time was 48 ± 12 minutes. No immediate or late adverse events were observed. All patients had significant improvement in the GCSI 4 weeks after GPOEM, with resolution of gastroparesis symptoms. The mean follow-up time was 6 months.ConclusionThe lesser curve approach to GPOEM provides an excellent exposure to the pyloric ring and can be used as a primary or a salvage technique for the treatment of refractory gastroparesis.

| S-EPMC6835000 | biostudies-literature

Peroral endoscopic myotomy for a residual Zenker's diverticulum following endoscopic myotomy.

Project description:Video 1Peroral endoscopic myotomy for a residual Zenker's diverticulum following endoscopic myotomy.

| S-EPMC8755520 | biostudies-literature

Peroral endoscopic myotomy with diverticulum resection.

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC7652700 | biostudies-literature

Peroral endoscopic myotomy for cricopharyngeal bar.

Project description:Background and aimsDefinitive treatment options for refractory dysphagia due to cricopharyngeal bar are limited. We aimed to demonstrate a novel adaptation of peroral endoscopic myotomy to treat this condition (cricopharyngeal peroral endoscopic myotomy [c-POEM]).MethodsThe approach to c-POEM is similar to that in the distal esophagus for the treatment of achalasia. A submucosal injection and overlying mucosal incision are performed, ideally 1.5 to 2 cm upstream of the upper esophageal sphincter, and then a submucosal tunnel is extended beyond the level of the cricopharyngeus. The target muscle is then transected before closure of the mucosotomy.ResultsIn 3 cases of refractory cricopharyngeal bar, c-POEM was successfully performed. Although no major adverse events occurred, significant postprocedural edema at the level of the upper esophageal sphincter prolonged hospitalization in 2 of the 3 patients. After recovery, all patients reported complete resolution of dysphagia and tolerated an unrestricted diet.ConclusionsC-POEM allows reliable and complete muscular division in patients with refractory cricopharyngeal bar who have limited treatment options.

| S-EPMC7426955 | biostudies-literature

Learning curve for peroral endoscopic myotomy.

Project description:Although peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is being performed more frequently, the learning curve for gastroenterologists performing the procedure has not been well studied. The aims of this study were to define the learning curve for POEM and determine which preoperative and intraoperative factors predict the time that will be taken to complete the procedure and its different steps.Consecutive patients who underwent POEM performed by a single expert gastroenterologist for the treatment of achalasia or spastic esophageal disorders were included. The POEM procedure was divided into four steps: mucosal entry, submucosal tunneling, myotomy, and closure. Nonlinear regression was used to determine the POEM learning plateau and calculate the learning rate.A total of 60 consecutive patients underwent POEM in an endoscopy suite. The median length of procedure (LOP) was 88 minutes (range 36 - 210), and the mean (± standard deviation [SD]) LOP per centimeter of myotomy was 9 ± 5 minutes. The total operative time decreased significantly as experience increased (P < 0.001), with a "learning plateau" at 102 minutes and a "learning rate" of 13 cases. The mucosal entry, tunneling, and closure times decreased significantly with experience (P < 0.001). The myotomy time showed no significant decrease with experience (P = 0.35). When the mean (± SD) total procedure times for the learning phase and the corresponding comparator groups were compared, a statistically significant difference was observed between procedures 11 - 15 and procedures 16 - 20 (15.5 ± 2.4 min/cm and 10.1 ± 2.7 min/cm, P = 0.01) but not thereafter. A higher case number was significantly associated with a decreased LOP (P < 0.001).In this single-center retrospective study, the minimum threshold number of cases required for an expert interventional endoscopist performing POEM to reach a plateau approached 13.

| S-EPMC4874807 | biostudies-other

Balloon tamponade for control of myotomy bleeding during peroral endoscopic myotomy.

Project description:Video 1Balloon tamponade for control of bleeding during peroral endoscopic myotomy.

| S-EPMC8755570 | biostudies-literature

Endoscopic techniques to detect gastroesophageal junction in peroral endoscopic myotomy.

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC7859498 | biostudies-literature