Dataset Information

Variability in somatic embryo-forming capacity of spinach.

ABSTRACT: High variability in somatic embryo (SE)-forming capacity has previously been observed in several spinach cultivars. Such variability frequently accounted for more variation in embryogenic response of the explants than the factor being investigated. Hence, the variability in embryogenic capacity was examined in the present study at both the population and the single-seedling level, using seeds of spinach cultivar Matador obtained from nine European seed companies. Seed population obtained from Slovenia (Sl) was superior to others, with the highest regeneration frequency (100%) and the highest mean SE number (14.4). A total of 82% of these seedlings had 80-100% of regenerating explants, while in populations with intermediate embryogenic capacity approximately 40% of seedlings had 20-60% of regenerating explants. The explants from the majority of seedlings (52-100%) in the least responsive populations were irresponsive. Furthermore, the explants from Sl seedlings regenerated from 10-20 (43.5%) up to?>?20 (27.6%) SEs on average, while the explants from the majority of seedlings belonging to other populations regenerated 1-10 SEs. The present study strongly indicates that the variability of plant material must not be overlooked, because choosing more responsive individuals for one treatment and less responsive ones for another may lead to misinterpretation of the data.

SUBMITTER: Belic M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7652860 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Variability in somatic embryo-forming capacity of spinach.

Belić Maja M Zdravković-Korać Snežana S Uzelac Branka B Ćalić Dušica D Pavlović Suzana S Milojević Jelena J

Scientific reports 20201109 1

High variability in somatic embryo (SE)-forming capacity has previously been observed in several spinach cultivars. Such variability frequently accounted for more variation in embryogenic response of the explants than the factor being investigated. Hence, the variability in embryogenic capacity was examined in the present study at both the population and the single-seedling level, using seeds of spinach cultivar Matador obtained from nine European seed companies. Seed population obtained from Sl ...[more]

PMID: 33168872

Similar Datasets

Project description:Somatic embryogenesis in Arabidopsis is achieved by culturing bending-cotyledon embryos on a 2,4-D-containing induction medium for 14 d followed by a transfer on to a hormone-free development medium. Several genes orthologous to Arabidopsis SHOOTMERISTEMLESS (STM), CLAVATA 1 (CLV1), and ZWILLE (ZLL) were isolated from Brassica oleracea (Bo), B. rapa (Br), and B. napus (Bn), and ectopically expressed in Arabidopsis to assess their effects on somatic embryogenesis. Ectopic expression of BoSTM, BrSTM, and BnSTM increased the number of somatic embryos, whereas a different effect was observed in lines overexpressing BnCLV1 in which somatic embryo formation was severely repressed. The introduction of BnZLL did not have any effects on Arabidopsis somatic embryogenesis. The increased embryo-forming capacity observed in lines overexpressing Brassica STM was associated with a lower requirement for the inductive signal 2,4-D, and a higher expression of WUSCHEL (WUS) which demarcates the formation of embryogenic cells. This was in contrast to the 35S::BnCLV1 lines which showed the highest requirement for exogenous 2,4-D and a reduced WUS expression. Microarray studies were conducted to monitor global changes in transcript levels during Arabidopsis somatic embryogenesis between the wild-type (WT) line and a BoSTM-overexpressing line, which showed the most pronounced enhancement of somatic embryo yield. The introduction of BoSTM affected the expression of many genes involved in hormone perception and signalling, as well as genes encoding DNA methyltransferases and enzymes of glutathione metabolism. Pharmacological experiments performed to confirm some of the microarray results showed that Arabidopsis somatic embryogenesis is encouraged by a global hypomethylation of the DNA during the induction phase and by a switch of the glutathione pool towards an oxidized state during the subsequent development phase. Both events occurred in the 35S::BoSTM line, but not in the WT line. Altered expression of Brassica STM also had profound effects on B. napus microspore-derived embryogenesis. The yield of microspore-derived embryos increased in lines overexpressing BnSTM and significantly decreased in antisense lines down-regulating BnSTM.

Project description:Nitrate content is an essential indicator of the quality of vegetables but can cause stress at high levels. This study aimed to elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of nitrate stress tolerance in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.). We studied the effects of exogenous application of 15 (control), 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 mM NO3- on spinach growth, physiology, and photosynthesis. The results showed that all the nitrate treatments inhibited the growth of the aerial parts of spinach compared to the control. In contrast, low nitrate levels (50 and 100 mM) promoted spinach root formation, but this effect was inhibited at high levels (150, 200, and 250 mM). Treatment with 150 mM NO3- significantly decreased the root growth vigor. Low nitrate levels increased the chlorophyll content in spinach leaves, whereas high levels had the opposite effect. High nitrate levels also weakened the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), the actual photochemical efficiency of PSII Y(II), and increased non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), reducing photosynthetic performance. Nitrate stress increased the activity of nitrate reductase (NR) and promoted the accumulation of nitrate in spinach leaves, exceeding the health-tolerance limit for nitrate in vegetables, highlighting the necessity of mitigating nitrate stress to ensure food safety. Starting with the 150 mM NO3- treatment, the proline and malondialdehyde content in spinach leaves and roots increased significantly as the nitrate levels increased. Treatment with 150 mM NO3- significantly increased soluble protein and flavonoid contents, while the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) were significantly reduced in leaves. However, spinach could resist nitrate stress by regulating the synthesis of osmoregulatory substances such as proline, thus showing some nitrate tolerance. These results provide insights into the physiological regulatory mechanisms of nitrate stress tolerance and its mitigation in spinach, an essential vegetable crop.

Dataset Information

Variability in somatic embryo-forming capacity of spinach.

Publications

Variability in somatic embryo-forming capacity of spinach.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets