Dataset Information

Prediction of Human Papillomavirus Status and Overall Survival in Patients with Untreated Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Development and Validation of CT-Based Radiomics.

ABSTRACT:

Background and purpose

Human papillomavirus is a prognostic marker for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. We aimed to determine the value of CT-based radiomics for predicting the human papillomavirus status and overall survival in patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Materials and methods

Eighty-six patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma were retrospectively collected and grouped into training (n = 61) and test (n = 25) sets. For human papillomavirus status and overall survival prediction, radiomics features were selected via a random forest-based algorithm and Cox regression analysis, respectively. Relevant features were used to build multivariate Cox regression models and calculate the radiomics score. Human papillomavirus status and overall survival prediction were assessed via the area under the curve and concordance index, respectively. The models were validated in the test and The Cancer Imaging Archive cohorts (n = 78).

Results

For prediction of human papillomavirus status, radiomics features yielded areas under the curve of 0.865, 0.747, and 0.834 in the training, test, and validation sets, respectively. In the univariate Cox regression, the human papillomavirus status (positive: hazard ratio, 0.257; 95% CI, 0.09-0.7; P = .008), T-stage (≥III: hazard ratio, 3.66; 95% CI, 1.34-9.99; P = .011), and radiomics score (high-risk: hazard ratio, 3.72; 95% CI, 1.21-11.46; P = .022) were associated with overall survival. The addition of the radiomics score to the clinical Cox model increased the concordance index from 0.702 to 0.733 (P = .01). Validation yielded concordance indices of 0.866 and 0.720.

Conclusions

CT-based radiomics may be useful in predicting human papillomavirus status and overall survival in patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

SUBMITTER: Choi Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7661074 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Background and purposeHuman papillomavirus-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma is increasing in prevalence and typically occurs in younger patients than human papillomavirus-negative squamous cell carcinoma. While imaging features of human papillomavirus-positive versus human papillomavirus-negative squamous cell carcinoma nodal metastases have been described, characteristics distinguishing human papillomavirus-positive from human papillomavirus-negative primary squamous cell carcinomas have not been well established. The purpose of this project was to evaluate the use of texture features to distinguish human papillomavirus-positive and human papillomavirus-negative primary oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.Materials and methodsFollowing institutional review board approval, 40 patients with primary oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma and known human papillomavirus status who underwent contrast-enhanced CT between December 2009 and October 2013 were included in this study. Segmentation of the primary lesion was manually performed with a semiautomated graphical-user interface. Following segmentation, an in-house-developed texture analysis program extracted 42 texture features from each segmented volume. A t test was used to evaluate differences in texture parameters between human papillomavirus-positive and human papillomavirus-negative squamous cell carcinomas.ResultsOf the 40 included patients, 29 had human papillomavirus-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma and 11 had human papillomavirus-negative oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Significant differences were seen in the histogram parameters median (P = .006) and entropy (P = .016) and squamous cell carcinoma entropy (P = .043).ConclusionsThere are statistically significant differences in some texture features between human papillomavirus-positive and human papillomavirus-negative oropharyngeal tumors. Texture analysis may be considered an adjunct to the evaluation of human papillomavirus status and characterization of squamous cell carcinoma.