Dataset Information

Optometry Compensation Study: Narrowing Down the Unexplained Gender Wage Gap in Optometry.

ABSTRACT: SIGNIFICANCE:Men earn at least 6.5% more than women in their first full-time jobs as optometrists. For current salaries, the gender wage gap is more than 13%. This study details the gender wage gap that remains after controlling for practice ownership, residency training, and employer-defined full-time work. PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to measure the gender wage gap by region and practice type for full-time optometrists who did not complete a residency and do not own their practice. METHODS:Participants completed an online survey, providing data for their first and current optometry positions and demographic information. Respondents who reported full-time employment in the United States, not completing a residency, and not owning their practice were selected for further analysis by census region and practice type. In each category, the gender wage gap was calculated. RESULTS:In all regions and practice types, men were paid higher starting salaries than women. For current salaries, men were paid higher in almost all regions and practice types. The wage gap increased from starting salary to current salary, although not in all regions and practice types. CONCLUSIONS:When practice ownership, residency completion, and full-time work are controlled for, there remains a difference in the pay received by men and women in optometry. The salary data presented in this study may help optometrists narrow the wage gap.

SUBMITTER: Simpson RS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7664963 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Optometry Compensation Study: Narrowing Down the Unexplained Gender Wage Gap in Optometry.

Simpson Rachel S RS Scott Breanna J BJ Hamm Kate J KJ Tyra Jacquelyn M JM Jackson Heather M HM Fermil Marie L P MLP Kinder Leslie K LK Bassi Carl J CJ

Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry 20201101 11

<h4>Significance</h4>Men earn at least 6.5% more than women in their first full-time jobs as optometrists. For current salaries, the gender wage gap is more than 13%. This study details the gender wage gap that remains after controlling for practice ownership, residency training, and employer-defined full-time work.<h4>Purpose</h4>The purpose of this study was to measure the gender wage gap by region and practice type for full-time optometrists who did not complete a residency and do not own the ...[more]

PMID: 33110023

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Project description:BackgroundThe physician gender wage gap may be due, in part, to productivity-based compensation models that undervalue female practice patterns.ObjectiveTo determine how primary care physician (PCP) compensation by gender differs when applying existing productivity-based and alternative compensation models.DesignMicrosimulation.Setting2016 to 2019 national clinical registry of 1222 primary care practices.ParticipantsMale and female PCPs matched on specialty, years since medical school graduation, practice site, and sessions worked.MeasurementsNet annual, full-time-equivalent compensation for male versus female PCPs, under productivity-based fee-for-service, panel size-based capitation without or with risk adjustment, and hybrid payment models. Microsimulation inputs included patient and visit characteristics and overhead expenses.ResultsAmong 1435 matched male (n = 881) and female (n = 554) PCPs, female PCP panels included patients who were, on average, younger, had lower diagnosis-based risk scores, were more often female, and were more often uninsured or insured by Medicaid rather than by Medicare. Under productivity-based payment, female PCPs earned a median of $58 829 (interquartile range [IQR], $39 553 to $120 353; 21%) less than male PCPs. This gap was similar under capitation ($58 723 [IQR, $42 141 to $140 192]). It was larger under capitation risk-adjusted for age alone ($74 695 [IQR, $42 884 to $152 423]), for diagnosis-based scores alone ($114 792 [IQR, $49 080 to $215 326] and $89 974 [IQR, $26 175 to $173 760]), and for age-, sex-, and diagnosis-based scores ($83 438 [IQR, $28 927 to $129 414] and $66 195 [IQR, $11 899 to $96 566]). The gap was smaller and nonsignificant under capitation risk-adjusted for age and sex ($36 631 [IQR, $12 743 to $73 898]).LimitationPanel attribution based on office visits.ConclusionThe gender wage gap varied by compensation model, with capitation risk-adjusted for patient age and sex resulting in a smaller gap. Future models might better align with primary care effort and outcomes.Primary funding sourceNone.

Dataset Information

Optometry Compensation Study: Narrowing Down the Unexplained Gender Wage Gap in Optometry.

Publications

Optometry Compensation Study: Narrowing Down the Unexplained Gender Wage Gap in Optometry.

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