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Oncologic and obstetric outcomes after conization for adenocarcinoma in situ or stage IA1 cervical cancer.

ABSTRACT: This study aims to reveal the risk factors associated with recurrence or new-onset high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs) or more severe lesions (HSILs?+) and analyze obstetrical outcomes in patients with adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) or stage IA1 cervical cancer patients after conization. A retrospective cohort study was developed from January 1, 2002, and July 1, 2018, in a single center, where all patients with AIS or stage IA1 cervical cancer who accepted conization for primary surgery were reviewed and followed up until July 1, 2019, for the pathological findings of HSILs?+?and obstetric outcomes. Two hundred and seventeen patients were identified, including 114 cases of AIS, 76 cases of stage IA1 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and 27 cases of stage IA1 adenocarcinoma (ADC). A total of 88 (40.6%) patients had an intact uterus without radiotherapy. Five patients experienced HSIL+ recurrence. The cumulative 3-, 5- and 10-year incidence rates of HSILs?+?were 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0%, respectively. No significant risk factors, including primary disease, margin status and hysterectomy, were associated with recurrence. Twenty (66.7%) of 30 patients who attempted pregnancy had 23 successful pregnancies, which result in 7 miscarriages, 16 live births and 5 preterm births. Age at conization was the only independent risk factor associated with pregnancy, live births and preterm births. In conclusion, conization is safe for young women with AIS, stage IA1 SCC and ADC who desire future fertility, and the associated HSIL recurrence rate is low. Increased age significantly lowered the conception or live birth rate.

SUBMITTER: Wang X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7669853 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Oncologic and obstetric outcomes after conization for adenocarcinoma in situ or stage IA1 cervical cancer.

Wang Xiaoyu X Bi Yalan Y Wu Huanwen H Wu Ming M Li Lei L

Scientific reports 20201116 1

This study aims to reveal the risk factors associated with recurrence or new-onset high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs) or more severe lesions (HSILs +) and analyze obstetrical outcomes in patients with adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) or stage IA1 cervical cancer patients after conization. A retrospective cohort study was developed from January 1, 2002, and July 1, 2018, in a single center, where all patients with AIS or stage IA1 cervical cancer who accepted conization for primary s ...[more]

PMID: 33199765

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Project description:ObjectiveThe objective of this systematic review was to conduct a more comprehensive literature search and meta-analysis of original studies to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) versus cold-knife conization (CKC) in conservative surgical treatment of cervical adenocarcinoma in situ (ACIS) for women who have not completed childbearing.MethodsSystematic searches were conducted in the PUBMED, EMBASE, Cochrane, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases to identify all potential studies involving patients with ACIS treated with LEEP versus CKC published until December 2015.ResultsEighteen retrospective studies were included in this systematic review. All the 18 included studies reported the rate of positive margins, and the results of the individual studies varied. The positive margins were 44% (267/607) after LEEP and 29% (274/952) after CKC. The pooled meta-analysis exhibited significantly different outcome (RR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.34-1.80, P<0.00001) without significant heterogeneity (P = 0.34). The residual rate following LEEP was 9.1% (17/186) and 11% (39/350) after CKC in re-cone or hysterectomy cases. Recurrent ACIS following LEEP was reported in 10 of 142 (7.0%) cases compared to 10 of 177 (5.6%) cases following CKC. There were no significant differences in the residual rate (RR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.60-1.72, P = 0.95) or recurrence rate (RR, 1.13; 95% CI, 0.46-2.79; P = 0.79) between the two procedures.ConclusionsThe present systematic review demonstrates that both LEEP and CKC are safe and effective for the conservative treatment of ACIS. LEEP appears to be as equally effective as CKC regarding the residual and recurrence rates. Due to the findings showing that LEEP achieves comparable oncologic outcomes with fewer obstetric complications to that of CKC, LEEP may be the preferred option in patients whose fertility preservation is important. However, further prospective studies with a larger sample size and longer follow-up periods are needed to establish the superiority of either procedure.

Project description:BackgroundCervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women worldwide, many of who are still within their reproductive lifespan. Advances in screening and treatment have increased the 5-year survival for early stage disease to over 90 % in developed countries. The focus is now shifting to reducing morbidity and improving fertility outcomes for cervical cancer patients. Radical trachelectomy with lymph node assessment became the standard of care for selected women with lesions <2 cm who desire fertility preservation. However, several questions still remain regarding the degree of surgical radicality required for tumors <2 cm, and fertility-sparing options for women with early-stage disesase ≥2 cm, and those with more advanced disease. Here, we compile a narrative review of the evidence for oncologic and pregnancy outcomes following radical trachelectomy, non-radical fertility-sparing surgery, and the use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to surgery for larger lesions. We also review the literature for assisted reproductive technologies in women with more advanced disease.FindingsAvailable literature suggests that the crude recurrence and mortality rates after radical trachelectomy are <5 and <2 %, respectively (approx. 11 and 4 % for tumors ≥ 2 cm). Among 1238 patients who underwent fertility-sparing surgery for early cervical cancer there were 469 pregnancies with a 67 % live birth rate. Among 134 cases with lesions ≥ 2 cm, there were ten conceptions with a live birth rate of 70 %. Outcomes after non-radical surgery (simple trachelectomy or cervical conization) are similar, although only applicable among a highly selected patient population. For patients ineligible for fertility-preserving surgery or who require adjuvant radiation therapy, current options include ovarian transposition and cryopreservation of oocytes or embryos but other techniques are under investigation.ConclusionToday, many cervical cancer survivors have successful pregnancies. For those with early-stage disease, minimally invasive and fertility sparing techniques have resulted in improved obstetrical outcomes without compromising oncologic safety. Results from three ongoing trials on non-radical surgery for low-risk tumors <2 cm will further inform the need for radical surgery in such patients. For those in whom natural childbearing is unachievable, advances in assisted reproductive technologies provide reproductive options. Despite our advances, the effects of cervical cancer survivorship on quality of life are not fully elucidated.

Project description:BackgroundThe trade-off between comparative effectiveness and reproductive morbidity of different treatment methods for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) remains unclear. We aimed to determine the risks of treatment failure and preterm birth associated with various treatment techniques.MethodsIn this systematic review and network meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials database for randomised and non-randomised studies reporting on oncological or reproductive outcomes after CIN treatments from database inception until March 9, 2022, without language restrictions. We included studies of women with CIN, glandular intraepithelial neoplasia, or stage IA1 cervical cancer treated with excision (cold knife conisation [CKC], laser conisation, and large loop excision of the transformation zone [LLETZ]) or ablation (radical diathermy, laser ablation, cold coagulation, and cryotherapy). We excluded women treated with hysterectomy. The primary outcomes were any treatment failure (defined as any abnormal histology or cytology) and preterm birth (<37 weeks of gestation). The network for preterm birth also included women with untreated CIN (untreated colposcopy group). The main reference group was LLETZ for treatment failure and the untreated colposcopy group for preterm birth. For randomised controlled trials, we extracted group-level summary data, and for observational studies, we extracted relative treatment effect estimates adjusted for potential confounders, when available, and we did random-effects network meta-analyses to obtain odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CIs. We assessed within-study and across-study risk of bias using Cochrane tools. This systematic review is registered with PROSPERO, CRD42018115495 and CRD42018115508.Findings7880 potential citations were identified for the outcome of treatment failure and 4107 for the outcome of preterm birth. After screening and removal of duplicates, the network for treatment failure included 19 240 participants across 71 studies (25 randomised) and the network for preterm birth included 68 817 participants across 29 studies (two randomised). Compared with LLETZ, risk of treatment failure was reduced for other excisional methods (laser conisation: OR 0·59 [95% CI 0·44-0·79] and CKC: 0·63 [0·50-0·81]) and increased for laser ablation (1·69 [1·27-2·24]) and cryotherapy (1·84 [1·33-2·56]). No differences were found for the comparison of cold coagulation versus LLETZ (1·09 [0·68-1·74]) but direct data were based on two small studies only. Compared with the untreated colposcopy group, risk of preterm birth was increased for all excisional techniques (CKC: 2·27 [1·70-3·02]; laser conisation: 1·77 [1·29-2·43]; and LLETZ: 1·37 [1·16-1·62]), whereas no differences were found for ablative methods (laser ablation: 1·05 [0·78-1·41]; cryotherapy: 1·01 [0·35-2·92]; and cold coagulation: 0·67 [0·02-29·15]). The evidence was based mostly on observational studies with their inherent risks of bias, and the credibility of many comparisons was low.InterpretationMore radical excisional techniques reduce the risk of treatment failure but increase the risk of subsequent preterm birth. Although there is uncertainty, ablative treatments probably do not increase risk of preterm birth, but are associated with higher failure rates than excisional techniques. Although we found LLETZ to have balanced effectiveness and reproductive morbidity, treatment choice should rely on a woman's age, size and location of lesion, and future family planning.FundingNational Institute for Health and Care Research: Research for Patient Benefit.

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Oncologic and obstetric outcomes after conization for adenocarcinoma in situ or stage IA1 cervical cancer.

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Oncologic and obstetric outcomes after conization for adenocarcinoma in situ or stage IA1 cervical cancer.

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