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A novel quantitative electroencephalography subtype with high alpha power in ADHD: ADHD or misdiagnosed ADHD?

ABSTRACT: This study investigated quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG) subtypes as auxiliary tools to assess Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). A total of 74 subjects (58 male and 16 female) were assessed using the Korean version of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children Version IV and were assigned to one of three groups: ADHD, ADHD-Not Otherwise specified (NOS), and Neurotypical (NT). We measured absolute and relative EEG power in 19 channels and conducted an auditory continuous performance test. We analyzed QEEG according to the frequency range: delta (1-4 Hz), theta (4-8 Hz), slow alpha (8-10 Hz), fast alpha (10-13.5 Hz), and beta (13.5-30 Hz). The subjects were then grouped by Ward's method of cluster analysis using the squared Euclidian distance to measure dissimilarities. We discovered four QEEG clusters, which were characterized by: (a) elevated delta power with less theta activity, (b) elevated slow alpha relative power, (c) elevated theta with deficiencies of alpha and beta relative power, and (d) elevated fast alpha and beta absolute power. The largest proportion of participants in clusters (a) and (c) were from the ADHD group (48% and 47%, respectively). Conversely, group (b) mostly consisted of the participants from the NOS group (59%), while group (d) had the largest proportion of participants from the NT group (62%). These results indicate that children with ADHD does not neurophysiologically constitute a homogenous group. We also identified a new subtype with increased alpha power in addition to those commonly reported in ADHD. Given the QEEG characteristics with increased alpha power, we should consider the possibility that this subtype may be caused by childhood depression. In conclusion, we believe that these QEEG subtypes of ADHD are expected to provide valuable information for accurately diagnosing ADHD.

SUBMITTER: Byeon J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7671485 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A novel quantitative electroencephalography subtype with high alpha power in ADHD: ADHD or misdiagnosed ADHD?

Byeon Jun J Choi Tae Young TY Won Geun Hui GH Lee Jaewon J Kim Jun Won JW

PloS one 20201117 11

This study investigated quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG) subtypes as auxiliary tools to assess Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). A total of 74 subjects (58 male and 16 female) were assessed using the Korean version of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children Version IV and were assigned to one of three groups: ADHD, ADHD-Not Otherwise specified (NOS), and Neurotypical (NT). We measured absolute and relative EEG power in 19 channels and conducted an auditory continu ...[more]

PMID: 33201920

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Project description:Three distinct G-protein alpha o-subtypes, i.e. alpha o1, alpha o2 and a newly observed 'alpha o3', are present in membranes of mammalian brain, each appearing as two isoforms on SDS/PAGE. Only alpha o1 and alpha o2 appear to be substrates for pertussis toxin (PTX) when membranes or partially purified proteins are examined. In order to elucidate the apparent PTX-resistance of the third alpha o-subtype, we purified alpha o3 from porcine and bovine brain membranes. During the purification procedures, alpha o3 occurred in its dissociated monomeric form and, together with beta gamma-complexes, as a heterotrimer. In a first attempt, we used purified G-protein alpha i/alpha o-mixtures to obtain a final separation of alpha o3. By using f.p.l.c. anion-exchange chromatography on a Mono Q column, complete separation of alpha i1 and alpha o2 was achieved. Partial resolution of alpha o1, alpha i2 and alpha o3 was observed; alpha o3 was eluted between alpha o1 and alpha i2. If alpha o-subunits free from alpha i contaminants were loaded on to the Mono Q column, all three alpha o-subtypes were resolved. The identity of the third subtype as an alpha o-subtype was confirmed by sequence analysis of tryptic fragments. All three alpha o-subtypes bound GTP[S]. Purified alpha o3 was ADP-ribosylated when subjected to PTX treatment in the presence of beta gamma-subunits, and on SDS/PAGE the mobility of alpha o3 was similar to that of ADP-ribosylated alpha o1. On the basis of results obtained with subtype-specific antibodies, the third alpha o-subtype is immunologically more related to alpha o1 than to alpha o2. Purified alpha o3 failed to reconstitute carbachol-mediated inhibition of Ca2+ current in PTX-pretreated SH-SY5Y-cells, whereas alpha o1 and alpha o2 did successfully restore this effect. We conclude that the novel alpha o3 forms differs from alpha o1 and alpha o2 in its primary structure and may be involved in signal-transduction pathways other than those described for alpha o1 and alpha o2.

Dataset Information

A novel quantitative electroencephalography subtype with high alpha power in ADHD: ADHD or misdiagnosed ADHD?

Publications

A novel quantitative electroencephalography subtype with high alpha power in ADHD: ADHD or misdiagnosed ADHD?

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