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Glycine Receptor Inhibition Differentially Affect Selected Neuronal Populations of the Developing Embryonic Cortex, as Evidenced by the Analysis of Spontaneous Calcium Oscillations.

ABSTRACT: The embryonic developing cerebral cortex is characterized by the presence of distinctive cell types such as progenitor pools, immature projection neurons and interneurons. Each of these cell types is diverse on itself, but they all take part of the developmental process responding to intrinsic and extrinsic cues that can affect their calcium oscillations. Importantly, calcium activity is crucial for controlling cellular events linked to cell cycle progression, cell fate determination, specification, cell positioning, morphological development and maturation. Therefore, in this work we measured calcium activity in control conditions and in response to neurotransmitter inhibition. Different data analysis methods were applied over the experimental measurements including statistical methods entropy and fractal calculations, and spectral and principal component analyses. We found that developing projection neurons are differentially affected by classic inhibitory neurotransmission as a cell type and at different places compared to migrating interneurons, which are also heterogeneous in their response to neurotransmitter inhibition. This reveals important insights into the developmental role of neurotransmitters and calcium oscillations in the forming brain cortex. Moreover, we present an improved analysis proposing a Gini coefficient-based inequality distribution and principal component analysis as mathematical tools for understanding the earliest patterns of brain activity.

SUBMITTER: Avila D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7672546 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Glycine Receptor Inhibition Differentially Affect Selected Neuronal Populations of the Developing Embryonic Cortex, as Evidenced by the Analysis of Spontaneous Calcium Oscillations.

Ávila Denisse D Aedo Eduardo E Sánchez-Hechavarria Miguel M Ávila Claudio C Ávila Ariel A

International journal of molecular sciences 20201028 21

The embryonic developing cerebral cortex is characterized by the presence of distinctive cell types such as progenitor pools, immature projection neurons and interneurons. Each of these cell types is diverse on itself, but they all take part of the developmental process responding to intrinsic and extrinsic cues that can affect their calcium oscillations. Importantly, calcium activity is crucial for controlling cellular events linked to cell cycle progression, cell fate determination, specificat ...[more]

PMID: 33126495

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Project description:Detecting neurodevelopμental disorders of cognition at the earliest possible stages could assist in understanding them mechanistically and ultimately in treating them. Finding early physiological predictors that could be visualized with functional neuroimaging would represent an important advance in this regard. We hypothesized that one potential source of physiological predictors is the spontaneous local network activity prominent during specific periods in development. To test this we used calcium imaging in brain slices and analyzed variations in the frequency and intensity of this early activity in one area, the entorhinal cortex (EC), in order to correlate early activity with level of cognitive function later in life. We focused on EC because of its known role in different types of cognitive processes and because it is an area where spontaneous activity is prominent during early postnatal development in rodent models of cortical development. Using rat strains (Long-Evans, Wistar, Sprague-Dawley and Brattleboro) known to differ in cognitive performance in adulthood we asked whether neonatal animals exhibit corresponding strain-related differences in EC spontaneous activity. Our results show significant differences in this activity between strains: compared to a high cognitive-performing strain, we consistently found an increase in frequency and decrease in intensity in neonates from three lower performing strains. Activity was most different in one strain considered a model of schizophrenia-like psychopathology. While we cannot necessarily infer a causal relationship between early activity and adult cognition our findings suggest that the pattern of spontaneous activity in development could be an early predictor of a developmental trajectory advancing toward sub-optimal cognitive performance in adulthood. Our results further suggest that the strength of dopaminergic signaling, by setting the balance between excitation and inhibition, is a potential underlying mechanism that could explain the observed differences in early spontaneous activity patterns.

Dataset Information

Glycine Receptor Inhibition Differentially Affect Selected Neuronal Populations of the Developing Embryonic Cortex, as Evidenced by the Analysis of Spontaneous Calcium Oscillations.

Publications

Glycine Receptor Inhibition Differentially Affect Selected Neuronal Populations of the Developing Embryonic Cortex, as Evidenced by the Analysis of Spontaneous Calcium Oscillations.

Similar Datasets

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