Dataset Information

FIS1 encodes a GA2-oxidase that regulates fruit firmness in tomato.

ABSTRACT: Fruit firmness is a target trait in tomato breeding because it facilitates transportation and storage. However, it is also a complex trait and uncovering the molecular genetic mechanisms controlling fruit firmness has proven challenging. Here, we report the map-based cloning and functional characterization of qFIRM SKIN 1 (qFIS1), a major quantitative trait locus that partially determines the difference in compression resistance between cultivated and wild tomato accessions. FIS1 encodes a GA2-oxidase, and its mutation leads to increased bioactive gibberellin content, enhanced cutin and wax biosynthesis, and increased fruit firmness and shelf life. Importantly, FIS1 has no unfavorable effect on fruit weight or taste, making it an ideal target for breeders. Our study demonstrates that FIS1 mediates gibberellin catabolism and regulates fruit firmness, and it offers a potential strategy for tomato breeders to produce firmer fruit.

SUBMITTER: Li R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7673020 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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FIS1 encodes a GA2-oxidase that regulates fruit firmness in tomato.

Li Ren R Sun Shuai S Wang Haijing H Wang Ketao K Yu Hong H Zhou Zhen Z Xin Peiyong P Chu Jinfang J Zhao Tongmin T Wang Huanzhong H Li Jiayang J Cui Xia X

Nature communications 20201117 1

Fruit firmness is a target trait in tomato breeding because it facilitates transportation and storage. However, it is also a complex trait and uncovering the molecular genetic mechanisms controlling fruit firmness has proven challenging. Here, we report the map-based cloning and functional characterization of qFIRM SKIN 1 (qFIS1), a major quantitative trait locus that partially determines the difference in compression resistance between cultivated and wild tomato accessions. FIS1 encodes a GA2-o ...[more]

PMID: 33203832

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Project description:Light signaling and plant hormones, particularly ethylene and auxins, have been identified as important regulators of carotenoid biosynthesis during tomato fruit ripening. However, whether and how the light and hormonal signaling cascades crosstalk to control this metabolic route remain poorly elucidated. Here, the potential involvement of ethylene and auxins in the light-mediated regulation of tomato fruit carotenogenesis was investigated by comparing the impacts of light treatments and the light-hyperresponsive high pigment-2 (hp2) mutation on both carotenoid synthesis and hormonal signaling. Under either light or dark conditions, the overaccumulation of carotenoids in hp2 ripening fruits was associated with disturbed ethylene production, increased expression of genes encoding master regulators of ripening and higher ethylene sensitivity and signaling output. The increased ethylene sensitivity observed in hp2 fruits was associated with the differential expression of genes encoding ethylene receptors and downstream signaling transduction elements, including the downregulation of the transcription factor ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR.E4, a repressor of carotenoid synthesis. Accordingly, treatments with exogenous ethylene promoted carotenoid biosynthetic genes more intensively in hp2 than in wild-type fruits. Moreover, the loss of HP2 function drastically altered auxin signaling in tomato fruits, resulting in higher activation of the auxin-responsive promoter DR5, severe down-regulation of AUXIN/INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID (Aux/IAA) genes and altered accumulation of AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR (ARF) transcripts. Both tomato ARF2 paralogues (Sl-ARF2a and SlARF2b) were up-regulated in hp2 fruits, which agrees with the promotive roles played by these ARFs in tomato fruit ripening and carotenoid biosynthesis. Among the genes differentially expressed in hp2 fruits, the additive effect of light treatment and loss of HP2 function was particularly evident for those encoding carotenoid biosynthetic enzymes, ethylene-related transcription factors, Aux/IAAs and ARFs. Altogether, the data uncover the involvement of ethylene and auxin as part of the light signaling cascades controlling tomato fruit metabolism and provide a new link between light signaling, plant hormone sensitivity and carotenoid metabolism in ripening fruits.

Dataset Information

FIS1 encodes a GA2-oxidase that regulates fruit firmness in tomato.

Publications

FIS1 encodes a GA2-oxidase that regulates fruit firmness in tomato.

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