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Multicellular contractility contributes to the emergence of mesothelioma nodules.

ABSTRACT: Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) has an overall poor prognosis and unsatisfactory treatment options. MPM nodules, protruding into the pleural cavity may have growth and spreading dynamics distinct that of other solid tumors. We demonstrate that multicellular aggregates can develop spontaneously in the majority of tested MPM cell lines when cultured at high cell density. Surprisingly, the nodule-like aggregates do not arise by excessive local cell proliferation, but by myosin II-driven cell contractility. Prominent actin cables, spanning several cells, are abundant both in cultured aggregates and in MPM surgical specimens. We propose a computational model for in vitro MPM nodule development. Such a self-tensioned Maxwell fluid exhibits a pattern-forming instability that was studied by analytical tools and computer simulations. Altogether, our findings may underline a rational for targeting the actomyosin system in MPM.

SUBMITTER: Tarnoki-Zach J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7675981 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Multicellular contractility contributes to the emergence of mesothelioma nodules.

Tarnoki-Zach Julia J Stockhammer Paul P Isai Dona Greta DG Mehes Elod E Szeder Balint B Kovacs Ildiko I Bugyik Edina E Paku Sandor S Berger Walter W Thomas Sufi Mary SM Neufeld Zoltan Z Dome Balazs B Hegedus Balazs B Czirok Andras A

Scientific reports 20201118 1

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) has an overall poor prognosis and unsatisfactory treatment options. MPM nodules, protruding into the pleural cavity may have growth and spreading dynamics distinct that of other solid tumors. We demonstrate that multicellular aggregates can develop spontaneously in the majority of tested MPM cell lines when cultured at high cell density. Surprisingly, the nodule-like aggregates do not arise by excessive local cell proliferation, but by myosin II-driven cell c ...[more]

PMID: 33208866

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Project description:BackgroundThe microanatomical steps of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) vascularization and the resistance mechanisms to anti-angiogenic drugs in MPM are unclear.MethodsWe investigated the vascularization of intrapleurally implanted human P31 and SPC111 MPM cells. We also assessed MPM cell's motility, invasion and interaction with endothelial cells in vitro.ResultsP31 cells exhibited significantly higher two-dimensional (2D) motility and three-dimensional (3D) invasion than SPC111 cells in vitro. In co-cultures of MPM and endothelial cells, P31 spheroids permitted endothelial sprouting (ES) with minimal spatial distortion, whereas SPC111 spheroids repealed endothelial sprouts. Both MPM lines induced the early onset of submesothelial microvascular plexuses covering large pleural areas including regions distant from tumor colonies. The development of these microvascular networks occurred due to both intussusceptive angiogenesis (IA) and ES and was accelerated by vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A)-overexpression. Notably, SPC111 colonies showed different behavior to P31 cells. P31 nodules incorporated tumor-induced capillary plexuses from the earliest stages of tumor formation. P31 cells deposited a collagenous matrix of human origin which provided "space" for further intratumoral angiogenesis. In contrast, SPC111 colonies pushed the capillary plexuses away and thus remained avascular for weeks. The key event in SPC111 vascularization was the development of a desmoplastic matrix of mouse origin. Continuously invaded by SPC111 cells, this matrix transformed into intratumoral connective tissue trunks, providing a route for ES from the diaphragm.ConclusionsHere, we report two distinct growth patterns of orthotopically implanted human MPM xenografts. In the invasive pattern, MPM cells invade and thus co-opt peritumoral capillary plexuses. In the pushing/desmoplastic pattern, MPM cells induce a desmoplastic response within the underlying tissue which allows the ingrowth of a nutritive vasculature from the pleura.

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Multicellular contractility contributes to the emergence of mesothelioma nodules.

Publications

Multicellular contractility contributes to the emergence of mesothelioma nodules.

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