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Prospective association between social engagement and cognitive impairment among middle-aged and older adults: evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVES:Cognitive impairment is a precursor of dementia. This study aimed to examine the association of social engagement with cognitive decline during the process of normal ageing. METHODS:We used data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. The cognitive functions were tested at baseline, and 2-year and 4-year follow-up visits. Social engagement was constructed as a comprehensive measure including the quantity and frequency of social activities. Activities of social engagement were classified into three types. Multilevel logistic model was fitted to evaluate the prospective association between social engagement and cognitive impairment. RESULTS:After 2-year follow-up, compared with participants with the lowest level of social engagement, those with level-2, level-3 and level-4 social engagement had a 12% (OR=0.88, 95%?CI 0.71 to 1.09, p=0.242), 17% (OR=0.83, 95%?CI 0.71 to 0.97, p=0.020) and 25% (OR=0.75, 95%?CI 0.61 to 0.93, p=0.008) lower risk for developing cognitive impairment, respectively. A similar pattern of significantly protective association was found at 4-year follow-up. Combined effect analysis showed that participants who attended one type of social engagement had a lower risk of developing cognitive impairment and the protective effect was even larger with those who attended two or three types of social engagement. CONCLUSIONS:Social engagement had a protective effect on cognitive impairment among middle-aged and older adults in China. Given the growing epidemic of dementia and rapid pace of ageing in low-income and middle-income countries, our study shed lights on comprehensive and tailored public health programmes for improving social engagement, to delay cognitive impairment at mid-age and later life.

SUBMITTER: Zhou S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7677353 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Prospective association between social engagement and cognitive impairment among middle-aged and older adults: evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.

Zhou Shuduo S Song Suhang S Jin Yinzi Y Zheng Zhi-Jie ZJ

BMJ open 20201118 11

<h4>Objectives</h4>Cognitive impairment is a precursor of dementia. This study aimed to examine the association of social engagement with cognitive decline during the process of normal ageing.<h4>Methods</h4>We used data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. The cognitive functions were tested at baseline, and 2-year and 4-year follow-up visits. Social engagement was constructed as a comprehensive measure including the quantity and frequency of social activities. Activities of ...[more]

PMID: 33208332

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Project description:BackgroundStudies observing the relationship between pulmonary function and the risk of cognitive impairment in middle-aged and older adults was increasing, but the results were inconsistent. To date, evidence from longitudinal data is scarce and further research is urgently needed.MethodsWe used data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Participants were enrolled in 2011/2013 and followed up in 2013, 2015 and 2018. Pulmonary function was assessed via peak expiratory flow (PEF). Cognitive function, measured by episodic memory and mental status, was assessed through a face-to-face interview in each survey.ResultsA total of 8,274 participants (52.86% males; mean age, 56.44 years) were included. The scores of global cognition (12.46 versus 11.51, P < 0.001) of men were significantly higher than women at baseline, with a total of 5096 participants (61.59%) declining during the follow-up. Higher baseline PEF was associated with lower absolute decline in global cognition (OR per 1-SD difference 0.921; P = 0.031) and mental status (OR per 1-SD difference 0.9889; P = 0.002) during follow-up in men, and significant associations between higher baseline PEF and a lower absolute decline in the episodic memory were both found in men (OR per 1-SD difference 0.907; P = 0.006) and women (OR per 1-SD difference 0.915; P = 0.022). Second analysis showed that the significant associations between positive PEF variation and a lower rate of 4-year decline in global cognition, mental status and episodic memory were all only found in men. In subgroup analyses, higher PEF at baseline was significantly associated with a lower absolute decline of global cognition among male individuals >60 years. Significant associations between higher PEF at baseline and lower absolute decline in global cognition and episodic memory during follow-up were only found in never-smokers, while higher PEF was related to lower absolute decline in mental status among non-smoking and smoking males.ConclusionsPulmonary function correlates with cognitive functions in middle-aged and older people, especially males. Additional studies characterizing early and long-term PEF changes are needed.

Dataset Information

Prospective association between social engagement and cognitive impairment among middle-aged and older adults: evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.

Publications

Prospective association between social engagement and cognitive impairment among middle-aged and older adults: evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.

Similar Datasets

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