Dataset Information

The Gender Minority Stress and Resilience Measure: Psychometric Validity of an Adolescent Extension.

ABSTRACT: Objective:Minority stress contributes to several physical and psychological problems in sexual and gender minorities but is largely understudied in transgender/gender-nonconforming (TGNC) individuals, particularly TGNC adolescents. The availability of psychometrically sound measures of adolescent minority stress can help improve assessment and treatment planning in this area. This original research study examined whether an existing measure of TGNC-related minority stress and resilience among adults could retain construct and psychometric validity when administered to TGNC adolescents. Methods:Respondents were 258 TGNC adolescents, aged 12 -17.99 years (M=15.1, SD=1.4), majority white/European American (70.2%) and assigned female at birth (71.7%) seeking care in an interdisciplinary gender-health clinic within a pediatric academic medical center in the Midwestern United States. Respondents completed a battery of clinical measures as standard of care, including the Gender Minority Stress and Resilience Measure, measures of anxiety and depression symptoms, and parental support. Results:Findings indicated that minor adaptation of the existing adult measure resulted in high internal consistency and construct validity across 9 subscales assessing domains of minority stress and resilience in this sample of TGNC adolescents. Conclusions:This study provides evidence of the factor structure, reliability and validity of an adolescent extension of the Gender Minority Stress and Resilience measure (GMSR-A). These findings demonstrate the clinical utility of the GMSR-A, a tool that can help increase understanding of minority stress and resilience phenomena experienced by TGNC adolescents.

SUBMITTER: Hidalgo MA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7678225 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The Gender Minority Stress and Resilience Measure: Psychometric Validity of an Adolescent Extension.

Hidalgo Marco A MA Petras Hanno H Chen Diane D Chodzen Gia G

Clinical practice in pediatric psychology 20190101 3

<h4>Objective</h4>Minority stress contributes to several physical and psychological problems in sexual and gender minorities but is largely understudied in transgender/gender-nonconforming (TGNC) individuals, particularly TGNC adolescents. The availability of psychometrically sound measures of adolescent minority stress can help improve assessment and treatment planning in this area. This original research study examined whether an existing measure of TGNC-related minority stress and resilience ...[more]

PMID: 33224698

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Project description:Although construct measurement is critical to explanatory research and intervention efforts, rigorous measure development remains a notable challenge. For example, though the primary theoretical model for understanding health disparities among sexual minority (e.g., lesbian, gay, bisexual) adolescents is minority stress theory, nearly all published studies of this population rely on minority stress measures with poor psychometric properties and development procedures. In response, we developed the Sexual Minority Adolescent Stress Inventory (SMASI) with N = 346 diverse adolescents ages 14-17, using a comprehensive approach to de novo measure development designed to produce a measure with desirable psychometric properties. After exploratory factor analysis on 102 candidate items informed by a modified Delphi process, we applied item response theory techniques to the remaining 72 items. Discrimination and difficulty parameters and item characteristic curves were estimated overall, within each of 12 initially derived factors, and across demographic subgroups. Two items were removed for excessive discrimination and three were removed following reliability analysis. The measure demonstrated configural and scalar invariance for gender and age; a three-item factor was excluded for demonstrating substantial differences by sexual identity and race/ethnicity. The final 64-item measure comprised 11 subscales and demonstrated excellent overall (? = 0.98), subscale (? range 0.75-0.96), and test-retest (scale r > 0.99; subscale r range 0.89-0.99) reliabilities. Subscales represented a mix of proximal and distal stressors, including domains of internalized homonegativity, identity management, intersectionality, and negative expectancies (proximal) and social marginalization, family rejection, homonegative climate, homonegative communication, negative disclosure experiences, religion, and work domains (distal). Thus, the SMASI development process illustrates a method to incorporate information from multiple sources, including item response theory models, to guide item selection in building a psychometrically sound measure. We posit that similar methods can be used to improve construct measurement across all areas of psychological research, particularly in areas where a strong theoretical framework exists but existing measures are limited.

Project description:BackgroundElectronic nicotine delivery systems ("e-cigarettes") are the nicotine product most commonly used by adolescents. Research, treatment, and policy could benefit from measures of adolescent e-cigarette beliefs about outcomes of use (ie, expectancies). In the current study, we developed and tested an adolescent electronic nicotine vaping expectancy measure.MethodsA focus group with adolescents evaluated potential e-cigarette expectancy items. A panel of national experts assisted in revision of these items. Finally, items were administered to a sample of adolescents 14-17 years old (N = 267, Mean age 15.6, SD = 1.1, 50.9% Female, 50.2% Non-Hispanic White, 22.5% Non-Hispanic Black, 14.2% Hispanic) in a large Southeastern metropolitan area in the United States.ResultsExploratory Factor Analysis revealed a four factor solution: Negative Consequences (Cronbach's α = .92); Positive Reinforcement (α = .83); Negative Affect Reduction (α = .95); and Weight Control (α = .89). Subscales were significantly correlated with vaping susceptibility and lifetime vaping. Subscales successfully differentiated susceptible adolescents from confirmed non-susceptible adolescents, with susceptible adolescents reporting more positive expectancies, eg, Positive Reinforcement, M = 5.0, SD = 2.0 vs M = 3.0, SD = 2.1, P < .001, η2 = 0.19, and less negative expectancies, M = 5.5, SD = 2.3 vs M = 6.5, SD = 2.6, P = .001, η2 = 0.04. Similar results were found comparing adolescents who have never vaped nicotine with those who have vaped nicotine. Hierarchical linear regression demonstrated subscales were significant predictors of lifetime vaping after controlling for demographics, vaping ad exposure, and peer/family vaping.ConclusionsA preliminary version of an adolescent expectancy measure appears reliable and valid based on expert input and pilot testing with adolescents. Promising results were found in the domains of concurrent validity, discriminant validity, and incremental validity. Future research and evaluation efforts will be able to use this tool to further prevention and treatment goals.

Dataset Information

The Gender Minority Stress and Resilience Measure: Psychometric Validity of an Adolescent Extension.

Publications

The Gender Minority Stress and Resilience Measure: Psychometric Validity of an Adolescent Extension.

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