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Percutaneous Ultrasound-Guided Superior and Inferior Mesenteric Vein Access for Portal Vein Recanalization-Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt: A Case Series.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:To describe the technique and outcomes of mesenteric access under ultrasound guidance to perform portal vein recanalization-transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (PVR-TIPS). METHODS:Four patients (3 male: 1 female, mean age: 46.2 years; range 38-64 years) with portal vein thrombosis (PVT) and cavernous transformation were eligible for PVR-TIPS. Due to inaccessible splenic vein (one patient with history of splenectomy and 3 patients with unavailable splenic vein during the procedure), noninvasive direct puncture of superior (n?=?3) and inferior (n?=?1) mesenteric vein was conducted under ultrasound guidance to obtain access for PVR-TIPS. RESULTS:Trans-mesenteric access and PVR-TIPS were successful in all patients at first attempt. No immediate complication was observed following the procedures. Follow-up imaging with computed tomography (CT) scan and Doppler ultrasound revealed patent TIPS and portal venous vasculature in all patients. CONCLUSION:Percutaneous noninvasive transmesenteric access is a feasible approach for PVR-TIPS in patients with inaccessible splenic veins. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV:This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

SUBMITTER: Entezari P

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7682948 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Percutaneous Ultrasound-Guided Superior and Inferior Mesenteric Vein Access for Portal Vein Recanalization-Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt: A Case Series.

Entezari Pouya P Riaz Ahsun A Thornburg Bartley B Salem Riad R

Cardiovascular and interventional radiology 20201123 3

<h4>Objective</h4>To describe the technique and outcomes of mesenteric access under ultrasound guidance to perform portal vein recanalization-transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (PVR-TIPS).<h4>Methods</h4>Four patients (3 male: 1 female, mean age: 46.2 years; range 38-64 years) with portal vein thrombosis (PVT) and cavernous transformation were eligible for PVR-TIPS. Due to inaccessible splenic vein (one patient with history of splenectomy and 3 patients with unavailable splenic vein d ...[more]

PMID: 33230650

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Project description:Background and aimsTransjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is used for decompressing clinically significant portal hypertension. The aims of this study were to evaluate clinical outcomes and adverse events associated with this procedure.MethodsRetrospective single-center study including 78 patients submitted to TIPS placement between January 2015 and November 2018. Follow-up data were missing in 27 patients, and finally 51 patients were included in the study sample. Data collected from individual registries included demographics, comorbidities, laboratory results, complications, and clinical results according to the indication.ResultsAverage pre-TIPS portosystemic pressure gradient decreased from 18.1 ± 5 to 6 ± 3 mm Hg after TIPS placement. Indications for TIPS were refractory ascites (63%, n = 49), recurrent or uncontrolled variceal bleeding (36%, n = 28), and Budd-Chiari syndrome (1.3%, n = 1). TIPS-related adverse events occurred in 29/51 (56.8%) patients, with hepatic encephalopathy (HE) in 21 (41%) patients, sepsis in 3, liver failure in 2, hemolytic anemia in 1, acute pulmonary edema in 1, and capsular perforation in 1 patient. Mean follow-up was 15.7 ± 15 months. First-month mortality was 11.7% (n = 6) (sepsis, n = 3; acute liver failure, n = 2; and recurrence of variceal bleeding, n = 1) and was significantly higher for patients with Child-Pugh >9 points (p = 0.01), model of end-stage liver disease (MELD) scores >19 (p = 0.02), and for patients with a history of HE before the procedure (p = 0.001). Older age (p = 0.006) and higher levels of creatinine (p = 0.008) were significantly higher in patients developing HE after TIPS. Ascites persisted in 21.2% (7/33 patients) and was more frequent in patients with lower baseline albumin levels (p = 0.003). Recurrent variceal bleeding occurred in 22% (n = 4/18 patients) and was more frequent in patients with lower baseline hemoglobin levels (p = 0.03).ConclusionTIPS is effective in up to 80% of patients presenting with variceal bleeding or refractory ascites. Careful patient selection based on age and HE history may reduce adverse events after TIPS.

Project description:Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) increases the risk of variceal rebleeding in liver cirrhosis. However, the strategy for preventing variceal rebleeding in cirrhotic patients with PVT has not been explored. This study aims to evaluate whether the transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) or conventional therapy is preferable for the prevention of variceal rebleeding in liver cirrhosis patients with PVT.This is a randomised controlled trial comparing the safety and efficacy of TIPS versus conventional therapy (ie, endoscopic therapy combined with non-selective ?-blockers and anticoagulants) for the prevention of variceal rebleeding in cirrhotic patients with non-tumoral PVT. A total of 50 cirrhotic patients with PVT (thrombus >50% of portal vein lumen occupancy) and a history of variceal bleeding will be stratified according to the Child-Pugh class and degree of PVT, and randomised into the TIPS and conventional therapy groups. The primary objective was to compare the incidence of variceal rebleeding between the two groups. The secondary objectives were to compare the overall mortality, variceal rebleeding-related mortality, portal vein recanalisation and complications between the two groups, and to observe the progression of PVT in patients without portal vein recanalisation.This study was approved by the ethics committee of Xijing hospital (No. 20110224-5), and was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01326949). All participants give written informed consent. The first patient was recruited into our study on 4 June 2011. A total of 29 patients were recruited through 5 March 2013 (14 and 15 patients assigned to the TIPS and conventional therapy groups, respectively). If TIPS is superior to conventional therapy for the prevention of variceal rebleeding in cirrhotic patients with PVT, TIPS might be recommended as the first-line therapy in such patients. But a small sample size potentially limits the generalisation of our conclusions.This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov on 29 March 2011. The trial registration number is NCT01326949.The first patient was recruited into our study on 4 June 2011. A total of 29 patients were recruited through 5 March 2013 (14 and 15 patients assigned to the TIPS and conventional therapy groups, respectively).

Dataset Information

Percutaneous Ultrasound-Guided Superior and Inferior Mesenteric Vein Access for Portal Vein Recanalization-Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt: A Case Series.

Publications

Percutaneous Ultrasound-Guided Superior and Inferior Mesenteric Vein Access for Portal Vein Recanalization-Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt: A Case Series.

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