Dataset Information

Cognitive, Genetic, Brain Volume, and Diffusion Tensor Imaging Markers as Early Indicators of Dementia.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Although associated with dementia and cognitive impairment, microstructural white matter integrity is a rarely used marker of preclinical dementia. OBJECTIVE:We aimed to evaluate the individual and combined effects of multiple markers, with special focus on microstructural white matter integrity, in detecting individuals with increased dementia risk. METHODS:A dementia-free subsample (n?=?212, mean age?=?71.33 years) included in the population-based Swedish National Study on Aging and Care (SNAC-K) underwent magnetic resonance imaging (T1-weighted, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery, diffusion tensor imaging), neuropsychological testing (perceptual speed, episodic memory, semantic memory, letter and category fluency), and genotyping (APOE). Incident dementia was assessed during six years of follow-up. RESULTS:A global model (global cognition, APOE, total brain tissue volume: AUC?=?0.920) rendered the highest predictive value for future dementia. Of the models based on specific markers, white matter integrity of the forceps major tract was included in the most predictive model, in combination with perceptual speed and hippocampal volume (AUC?=?0.911). CONCLUSION:Assessment of microstructural white matter integrity may improve the early detection of dementia, although the added benefit in this study was relatively small.

SUBMITTER: Muller T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7683082 | biostudies-literature | 2020

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Cognitive, Genetic, Brain Volume, and Diffusion Tensor Imaging Markers as Early Indicators of Dementia.

Müller Theresa T Payton Nicola M NM Kalpouzos Grégoria G Jessen Frank F Grande Giulia G Bäckman Lars L Laukka Erika J EJ

Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD 20200101 4

<h4>Background</h4>Although associated with dementia and cognitive impairment, microstructural white matter integrity is a rarely used marker of preclinical dementia.<h4>Objective</h4>We aimed to evaluate the individual and combined effects of multiple markers, with special focus on microstructural white matter integrity, in detecting individuals with increased dementia risk.<h4>Methods</h4>A dementia-free subsample (n = 212, mean age = 71.33 years) included in the population-based Swedish Natio ...[more]

PMID: 32925047

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Project description:ObjectiveTo determine the patterns of diffusivity associated with cognitive domain functions in older adults without dementia.MethodsWe studied older adults without dementia (n = 220) who underwent neuropsychometric testing and a diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) examination at 3 T in a cross-sectional study. Memory, language, attention/executive function, and visual-spatial processing domains were assessed within 4 months of the MRI examination. A fluid-attenuated inversion recovery-based DTI sequence that enabled uncontaminated cortical diffusion measurements was performed. Associations between cortical mean diffusivity (MD) and cognitive function were tested using voxel-based regression analysis. Association between tract diffusivity and cognitive function was tested with regions of interest drawn on color-coded fractional anisotropy (FA) maps.ResultsMemory function was associated with the medial temporal lobe cortical MD on voxel-based analysis (p < 0.001, corrected for multiple comparisons), and inferior longitudinal fasciculus and posterior and anterior cingulum FA on tract-based analysis (p < 0.001). Language function was associated with the left temporal lobe cortical MD (p < 0.001, corrected for multiple comparisons), inferior longitudinal fasciculus, fornix, and posterior cingulum FA (p < 0.05). Attention and executive function was associated with the posterior and anterior cingulum FA, and visual-spatial function was associated with posterior cingulum FA (p < 0.01).ConclusionSpecific cognitive domain functions are associated with distinct patterns of cortical and white matter diffusivity in elderly with no dementia. Posterior cingulum tract FA was associated with all 4 cognitive domain functions, in agreement with the hypothesis that the posterior cingulate cortex is the main connectivity hub for cognitive brain networks. Microstructural changes identified on DTI may be associated with neurodegenerative pathologies underlying cognitive changes in older adults without dementia.

Project description:BackgroundCurrent methods to predict height and growth failure are imprecise. MRI measures of physeal cartilage are promising biomarkers for growth.PurposeIn the physis, to assess how 3D MRI volume measurements, and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) measurements (tract volume and length) correlate with growth parameters and detect differences in growth. We compared patients exposed to cis-retinoic acid, which causes physeal damage and growth failure, with normal subjects.Study typeCase-control.PopulationTwenty pediatric neuroblastoma survivors treated with cis-retinoic acid and 20 age- and sex-matched controls.Field strength/sequence3T; DTI and 3D double-echo steady-state (DESS) sequences.AssessmentOn distal femoral MR studies, physeal 3D volume and DTI tract measurements were calculated and compared to height.Statistical testsWe used partial Spearman correlation, analysis of covariance, logistic regression, Wald test, and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).ResultsThe height percentile correlated most strongly with DTI tract volumes (r = 0.74), followed by mean tract length (r = 0.53) and 3D volume (r = 0.40) (all P < 0.02). Only tract volumes and lengths correlated with annualized growth velocity. Relative to controls, patients showed smaller tract volumes (8.00 cc vs. 13.71 cc, P < 0.01), shorter tract lengths (5.92 mm vs 6.99 mm, P = 0.03), and smaller ratios of 3D cartilage volume to tract length; but no difference (4.51 cc vs 4.85 cc) in 3D MRI volumes. The 10 patients with the lowest height percentiles had smaller tract volumes (5.07 cc vs. 10.93 cc, P < 0.01), but not significantly different 3D MRI volumes. Tract volume is associated with abnormal growth, with an accuracy of 75%.Data conclusionDTI tract volume of the physis/metaphysis predicts abnormal growth better than physeal cartilage volumetric measurement and correlates best with height percentile and growth velocity.Evidence level2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 2 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;52:544-551.

Dataset Information

Cognitive, Genetic, Brain Volume, and Diffusion Tensor Imaging Markers as Early Indicators of Dementia.

Publications

Cognitive, Genetic, Brain Volume, and Diffusion Tensor Imaging Markers as Early Indicators of Dementia.

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