Experimental and Theoretical Study on the "2,2'-Bipiridyl-Ni-Catalyzed" Hirao Reaction of >P(O)H Reagents and Halobenzenes: A Ni(0) ? Ni(II) or a Ni(II) ? Ni(IV) Mechanism?

ABSTRACT: It was found by us that the P-C coupling reaction of >P(O)H reagents with PhX (X = I and Br) in the presence of NiCl2/Zn as the precursors for the assumed Ni(0) complexant together with 2,2'-bipyridine as the ligand took place only with PhI at 50/70 °C. M06-2X/6-31G(d,p)//PCM(MeCN) calculations for the reaction of Ph2P(O)H and PhX revealed a favorable energetics only for the loss of iodide following the oxidative addition of PhI on the Ni(0) atom. However, the assumed transition states with Ni(II) formed after P-ligand uptake and deprotonation could not undergo reductive elimination meaning a "dead-end route". Hence, it was assumed that the initial complexation of the remaining Ni2+ ions with 2,2'-bipyridine may move the P-C coupling forward via a Ni(II) ? Ni(IV) transition. This route was also confirmed by calculations, and this mechanism was justified by preparative experiments carried out using NiCl2/bipyridine in the absence of Zn. Hence, the generally accepted Ni(0) ? Ni(II) route was refuted by us, confirming the generality of the Ni(II) ? N(IV) protocol, either in the presence of bipyridine, or using the excess of the >P(O)H reagent as the P-ligand. The results of the calculations on the complex forming ability of Ni(0) and Ni(II) with 2,2'-bipyridine or the P-reagents were in accord with our mechanistic proposition.

SUBMITTER: Keglevich G 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7684577 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature