Dataset Information

Identification and motif analyses of candidate nonreceptor olfactory genes of Dendroctonus adjunctus Blandford (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from the head transcriptome.

ABSTRACT: The round-headed pine beetle Dendroctonus adjunctus, whose dispersion and colonization behaviors are linked to a communication system mediated by semiochemicals, is one of the five most critical primary pests in forest ecosystems in Mexico. This study provides the first head transcriptome analysis of D. adjunctus and the identification of the nonreceptor olfactory genes involved in the perception of odors. De novo assembly yielded 44,420 unigenes, and GO annotations were similar to those of antennal transcriptomes of other beetle species, which reflect metabolic processes related to smell and signal transduction. A total of 36 new transcripts of nonreceptor olfactory genes were identified, of which 27 encode OBPs, 7 encode CSPs, and 2 encode SNMP candidates, which were subsequently compared to homologous proteins from other bark beetles and Coleoptera species by searching for sequence motifs and performing phylogenetic analyses. Our study provides information on genes encoding nonreceptor proteins in D. adjunctus and broadens the knowledge of olfactory genes in Coleoptera and bark beetle species, and will help to understand colonization and aggregation behaviors for the development of tools that complement management strategies.

SUBMITTER: Torres-Huerta B

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7691339 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Identification and motif analyses of candidate nonreceptor olfactory genes of Dendroctonus adjunctus Blandford (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from the head transcriptome.

Torres-Huerta Brenda B Segura-León Obdulia L OL Aragón-Magadan Marco A MA González-Hernández Héctor H

Scientific reports 20201126 1

The round-headed pine beetle Dendroctonus adjunctus, whose dispersion and colonization behaviors are linked to a communication system mediated by semiochemicals, is one of the five most critical primary pests in forest ecosystems in Mexico. This study provides the first head transcriptome analysis of D. adjunctus and the identification of the nonreceptor olfactory genes involved in the perception of odors. De novo assembly yielded 44,420 unigenes, and GO annotations were similar to those of ante ...[more]

PMID: 33244016

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Project description:BACKGROUND:The European spruce bark beetle, Ips typographus, and the North American mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), are severe pests of coniferous forests. Both bark beetle species utilize aggregation pheromones to coordinate mass-attacks on host trees, while odorants from host and non-host trees modulate the pheromone response. Thus, the bark beetle olfactory sense is of utmost importance for fitness. However, information on the genes underlying olfactory detection has been lacking in bark beetles and is limited in Coleoptera. We assembled antennal transcriptomes from next-generation sequencing of I. typographus and D. ponderosae to identify members of the major chemosensory multi-gene families. RESULTS:Gene ontology (GO) annotation indicated that the relative abundance of transcripts associated with specific GO terms was highly similar in the two species. Transcripts with terms related to olfactory function were found in both species. Focusing on the chemosensory gene families, we identified 15 putative odorant binding proteins (OBP), 6 chemosensory proteins (CSP), 3 sensory neuron membrane proteins (SNMP), 43 odorant receptors (OR), 6 gustatory receptors (GR), and 7 ionotropic receptors (IR) in I. typographus; and 31 putative OBPs, 11 CSPs, 3 SNMPs, 49 ORs, 2 GRs, and 15 IRs in D. ponderosae. Predicted protein sequences were compared with counterparts in the flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, the cerambycid beetle, Megacyllene caryae, and the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. The most notable result was found among the ORs, for which large bark beetle-specific expansions were found. However, some clades contained receptors from all four beetle species, indicating a degree of conservation among some coleopteran OR lineages. Putative GRs for carbon dioxide and orthologues for the conserved antennal IRs were included in the identified receptor sets. CONCLUSIONS:The protein families important for chemoreception have now been identified in three coleopteran species (four species for the ORs). Thus, this study allows for improved evolutionary analyses of coleopteran olfaction. Identification of these proteins in two of the most destructive forest pests, sharing many semiochemicals, is especially important as they might represent novel targets for population control.

Project description:The white-striped longhorn beetle Batocera horsfieldi (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is a polyphagous wood-boring pest that causes substantial damage to the lumber industry. Moreover olfactory proteins are crucial components to function in related processes, but the B. horsfieldi genome is not readily available for olfactory proteins analysis. In the present study, developmental transcriptomes of larvae from the first instar to the prepupal stage, pupae, and adults (females and males) from emergence to mating were built by RNA sequencing to establish a genetic background that may help understand olfactory genes. Approximately 199 million clean reads were obtained and assembled into 171,664 transcripts, which were classified into 23,380, 26,511, 22,393, 30,270, and 87, 732 unigenes for larvae, pupae, females, males, and combined datasets, respectively. The unigenes were annotated against NCBI's non-redundant nucleotide and protein sequences, Swiss-Prot, Gene Ontology (GO), Pfam, Clusters of Eukaryotic Orthologous Groups (KOG), and KEGG Orthology (KO) databases. A total of 43,197 unigenes were annotated into 55 sub-categories under the three main GO categories; 25,237 unigenes were classified into 26 functional KOG categories, and 25,814 unigenes were classified into five functional KEGG Pathway categories. RSEM software identified 2,983, 3,097, 870, 2,437, 5,161, and 2,882 genes that were differentially expressed between larvae and males, larvae and pupae, larvae and females, males and females, males and pupae, and females and pupae, respectively. Among them, genes encoding seven candidate odorant binding proteins (OBPs) and three chemosensory proteins (CSPs) were identified. RT-PCR and RT-qPCR analyses showed that BhorOBP3, BhorCSP2, and BhorOBPC1/C3/C4 were highly expressed in the antenna of males, indicating these genes may may play key roles in foraging and host-orientation in B. horsfieldi. Our results provide valuable molecular information about the olfactory system in B. horsfieldi and will help guide future functional studies on olfactory genes.

Project description:The leaf beetle Ambrostoma quadriimpressum (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is a predominant forest pest that causes substantial damage to the lumber industry and city management. However, no effective and environmentally friendly chemical method has been discovered to control this pest. Until recently, the molecular basis of the olfactory system in A. quadriimpressum was completely unknown. In this study, antennae and leg transcriptomes were analyzed and compared using deep sequencing data to identify the olfactory genes in A. quadriimpressum. Moreover, the expression profiles of both male and female candidate olfactory genes were analyzed and validated by bioinformatics, motif analysis, homology analysis, semi-quantitative RT-PCR and RT-qPCR experiments in antennal and non-olfactory organs to explore the candidate olfactory genes that might play key roles in the life cycle of A. quadriimpressum. As a result, approximately 102.9 million and 97.3 million clean reads were obtained from the libraries created from the antennas and legs, respectively. Annotation led to 34344 Unigenes, which were matched to known proteins. Annotation data revealed that the number of genes in antenna with binding functions and receptor activity was greater than that of legs. Furthermore, many pathway genes were differentially expressed in the two organs. Sixteen candidate odorant binding proteins (OBPs), 10 chemosensory proteins (CSPs), 34 odorant receptors (ORs), 20 inotropic receptors [1] and 2 sensory neuron membrane proteins (SNMPs) and their isoforms were identified. Additionally, 15 OBPs, 9 CSPs, 18 ORs, 6 IRs and 2 SNMPs were predicted to be complete ORFs. Using RT-PCR, RT-qPCR and homology analysis, AquaOBP1/2/4/7/C1/C6, AquaCSP3/9, AquaOR8/9/10/14/15/18/20/26/29/33, AquaIR8a/13/25a showed olfactory-specific expression, indicating that these genes might play a key role in olfaction-related behaviors in A. quadriimpressum such as foraging and seeking. AquaOBP4/C5, AquaOBP4/C5, AquaCSP7/9/10, AquaOR17/24/32 and AquaIR4 were highly expressed in the antenna of males, suggesting that these genes were related to sex-specific behaviors, and expression trends that were male specific were observed for most candidate olfactory genes, which supported the existence of a female-produced sex pheromone in A. quadriimpressum. All of these results could provide valuable information and guidance for future functional studies on these genes and provide better molecular knowledge regarding the olfactory system in A. quadriimpressum.

Dataset Information

Identification and motif analyses of candidate nonreceptor olfactory genes of Dendroctonus adjunctus Blandford (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from the head transcriptome.

Publications

Identification and motif analyses of candidate nonreceptor olfactory genes of Dendroctonus adjunctus Blandford (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from the head transcriptome.

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