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Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Lipid Profile in Adults with the Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Metabolic syndrome (MetS) increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, with atherogenic dyslipidemia being a major contributing factor. METHODS:A systematic review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement to assess whether vitamin D supplementation (VDS) alleviates dyslipidemia in adults with MetS. Scientific databases (PUBMED, MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, International Clinical Trials Registry Platform) and the gray literature were searched for randomized controlled trials of VDS, reporting on blood lipids. A narrative review, meta-analyses, sensitivity analyses, and appraisal of the risk of bias and overall quality of evidence produced were conducted. RESULTS:Seven studies were included, and four were meta-analyzed. The risk of bias was generally low, and the final quality of evidence was low or very low. VDS, whether in high or low dose, significantly increased endline vitamin D blood levels; did not affect total, low-density, high-density cholesterol levels, and novel lipid-related biomarkers; yet, significantly increased triglycerides (TG) levels compared with placebo (MD: 30.67 (95%CI: 4.89-56.45) mg/dL; p = 0.02 for low-dose VDS; and MD: 27.33 (95%CI: 2.06-52.59) mg/dL; p = 0.03 for high-dose VDS). Pertaining heterogeneity was high (I2 = 86%; and I2 = 51%, respectively), and some included studies had significantly higher baseline TG in the intervention arm. The sensitivity analyses revealed robust results. CONCLUSION:VDS seems not to affect blood lipids in adults with MetS.

SUBMITTER: AlAnouti F

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7692169 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Lipid Profile in Adults with the Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

AlAnouti Fatme F Abboud Myriam M Papandreou Dimitrios D Mahboub Nadine N Haidar Suzan S Rizk Rana R

Nutrients 20201030 11

<h4>Background</h4>Metabolic syndrome (MetS) increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, with atherogenic dyslipidemia being a major contributing factor.<h4>Methods</h4>A systematic review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement to assess whether vitamin D supplementation (VDS) alleviates dyslipidemia in adults with MetS. Scientific databases (PUBMED, MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, Interna ...[more]

PMID: 33143204

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Project description:Background: Studies have shown the association of vitamin D status with the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS), which has attracted an extensive research interest with inconsistent results. Therefore, we hypothesized that vitamin D supplementation (VDS) will benefit adults with MetS. Aims: To test our hypothesis, we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of VDS on MetS in adults using relevant biomarkers such as anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, blood lipid profile, glycemia, oxidative stress and vitamin D toxicity (VDT). Methods: Randomized controlled trials published in PubMed, Web of Science, embase and the Cochrane Library between 2012 and 2022 on the effect of VDS on MetS in adults were searched. The language was limited to English. A meta-analysis performed using RevMan 5.4 and Stata 14.0 software, sensitivity analysis, and evaluation of the risk of bias and general quality of the resulting evidence were conducted. Results: Eventually, 13 articles were included in this meta-analysis. Overall, VDS significantly increased the endline serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels as compared to the control [MD:17.41, 95% CI (14.09, 20.73), p < 0.00001]. VDS did not affect waist circumference, body mass index, body fat percentage and VDT biomarkers, but decreased waist-to-hip ratio and blood pressure (p < 0.01). VDS significantly decreased fasting plasma glucose (FPG) [MD: 3.78; 95% CI (-6.52, -1.03), p = 0.007], but did not affect the levels of blood high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), and triglyceride (TG). Pooled estimate of nine papers indicated a significant reduction of fasting insulin (FI) (p = 0.006), and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (p = 0.0001). The quantitative insulin check index levels were moderately increased (p = 0.007) without any impact on the glycosylated hemoglobin type A1C (HbA1c). For the oxidative stress parameters, VDS significantly lowered the levels of malondialdehyde and hypersensitive C-reactive protein (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Results of this meta-analysis demonstrate that VDS only reduces insulin resistance and hypertension but not the blood lipid profile and HbA1c. It appears that the evidence for the benefit of VDS in adults with MetS is inconclusive. Further clinical studies are still needed.

Project description:Background and objectiveThe current systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to summarize the effect of vitamin D supplementation on endothelial activation among patients with metabolic syndrome and related disorders.MethodsCochrane library, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science database were searched to identify related RCTs published before 30th April 2018. The heterogeneity among the included studies was assessed using Cochran's Q test and I-square (I2) statistic. Data were pooled by using the random-effect model and standardized mean difference (SMD) was considered as summary effect size.ResultsFourteen clinical trials that contained a total of 1253 participants were included in the current meta-analysis. Vitamin D supplementation significantly decreased von willebrand factor (vWF) (SMD -0.27; 95% CI, - 0.46, - 0.08; P = 0.006; I2:40.5%). However, we found no significant impact of vitamin D supplementation on intercellular adhesion molecule 1(ICAM-1) (SMD -1.96; 95% CI, - 4.02, 0.09; P = 0.06; I2:97.4%), vascular celladhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) (SMD -0.50; 95% CI, - 1.19, 0.19; P = 0.15; I2:91.2%), on E-selectin (SMD -0.04; 95% CI, - 0.36, 0.28; P = 0.81; I2:78.8%) and endothelin (SMD -0.49; 95% CI, - 1.18, 0.19; P = 0.15; I2:90.5%). The pooled data from trials of vitamin D supplementation with dosage of ≤4000 IU/day (- 0.37, 95% CI: -0.65, - 0.10, I2: 73.5%) significantly reduced vWF concentrations, while there was no effect of vitamin D supplementation on vWF concentrations among trials with the dosage of intervention > 4000 IU/day (- 0.17, 95% CI: -0.43, 0.10, I2: 0.0%). VWF concentrations significantly reduced in pooled data from trials with duration study ≤8 weeks (- 0.37, 95% CI: -0.67, - 0.07, I2: 60.6%), but there was no effect of vitamin D supplementation on vWF concentrations among trials with > 8 weeks (- 0.20, 95% CI: -0.45, 0.05, I2: 0.0%). While there was no effect of vitamin D supplementation on vWF concentrations among trials with total sample size of ≤60 patients (- 0.03, 95% CI: -0.42, 0.36, I2: 0.0%), vWF concentrations in trials with more than 60 patients decreased significantly (- 0.34, 95% CI: -0.56, - 0.12, I2: 60.9%).ConclusionsOverall, the current meta-analysis demonstrated that vitamin D supplementation to patients with metabolic syndrome and related disorders resulted in an improvement in vWF, but did not affect ICAM-1, VCAM-1, E-selectin and endothelin levels.

Dataset Information

Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Lipid Profile in Adults with the Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Publications

Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Lipid Profile in Adults with the Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

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