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Engineering and Characterization of Antibacterial Coaxial Nanofiber Membranes for Oil/Water Separation.

ABSTRACT: In the present study, a coaxial nanofiber membrane was developed using the electrospinning technique. The developed membranes were fabricated from hydrophilic cellulose acetate (CA) polymer and hydrophobic polysulfone (PSf) polymer as a core and shell in an alternative way with addition of 0.1 wt.% of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs). The membranes were treated with a 2M NaOH solution to enhance hydrophilicity and thus increase water separation flux. Chemical and physical characterizations were performed, such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and surface wettability was measured by means of water contact angle (WCA), mechanical properties, surface morphology via field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and microscopy energy dispersive (EDS) mapping and point analysis. The results show higher mechanical properties for the coaxial nanofiber membranes which reached a tensile strength of 7.58 MPa, a Young's modulus of 0.2 MPa, and 23.4 M J.m-3 of toughness. However, treated mebranes show lower mechanical properties (tensile strength of 0.25 MPa, Young's modulus of 0.01 MPa, and 0.4 M J.m-3 of toughness). In addition, the core and shell nanofiber membranes showed a uniform distribution of coaxial nanofibers. Membranes with ZnO NPs showed a porous structure and elimination of nanofibers after treatment due to the formation of nanosheets. Interestingly, membranes changed from hydrophobic to hydrophilic (the WCA changed from 90 ± 8° to 14 ± 2°). Besides that, composite nanofiber membranes with ZnO NPs showed antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli. Furthermore, the water flux for the modified membranes was improved by 1.6 times compared to the untreated membranes.

SUBMITTER: Mousa HM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7694370 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Engineering and Characterization of Antibacterial Coaxial Nanofiber Membranes for Oil/Water Separation.

Mousa Hamouda M HM Alfadhel Husain H Abouel Nasr Emad E

Polymers 20201105 11

In the present study, a coaxial nanofiber membrane was developed using the electrospinning technique. The developed membranes were fabricated from hydrophilic cellulose acetate (CA) polymer and hydrophobic polysulfone (PSf) polymer as a core and shell in an alternative way with addition of 0.1 wt.% of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs). The membranes were treated with a 2M NaOH solution to enhance hydrophilicity and thus increase water separation flux. Chemical and physical characterizations were performed ...[more]

PMID: 33167337

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Project description:Oil/water mixtures are a potentially major source of environmental pollution if efficient separation technology is not employed during processing. A large volume of oil/water mixtures is produced via many manufacturing operations in food, petrochemical, mining, and metal industries and can be exposed to water sources on a regular basis. To date, several techniques are used in practice to deal with industrial oil/water mixtures and oil spills such as in situ burning of oil, bioremediation, and solidifiers, which change the physical shape of oil as a result of chemical interaction. Physical separation of oil/water mixtures is in industrial practice; however, the existing technologies to do so often require either dissipation of large amounts of energy (such as in cyclones and hydrocyclones) or large residence times or inventories of fluids (such as in decanters). Recently, materials with selective wettability have gained attention for application in separation of oil/water mixtures and surfactant stabilized emulsions. For example, a superhydrophobic material is selectively wettable toward oil while having a poor affinity for the aqueous phase; therefore, a superhydrophobic porous material can easily adsorb the oil while completely rejecting the water from an oil/water mixture, thus physically separating the two components. The ease of separation, low cost, and low-energy requirements are some of the other advantages offered by these materials over existing practices of oil/water separation. The present review aims to focus on the surface engineering aspects to achieve selectively wettability in materials and its their relationship with the separation of oil/water mixtures with particular focus on emulsions, on factors contributing to their stability, and on how wettability can be helpful in their separation. Finally, the challenges in application of superwettable materials will be highlighted, and potential solutions to improve the application of these materials will be put forward.

Dataset Information

Engineering and Characterization of Antibacterial Coaxial Nanofiber Membranes for Oil/Water Separation.

Publications

Engineering and Characterization of Antibacterial Coaxial Nanofiber Membranes for Oil/Water Separation.

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