Cyclooxygenase-2/sclerostin mediates TGF-?1-induced calcification in vascular smooth muscle cells and rats undergoing renal failure.
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ABSTRACT: In this study, we studied the effect and possible mechanism of TGF-?1 on vascular calcification. We found that the serum levels of TGF-?1 and cycloxygenase-2 (COX-2) were significantly increased in patients with chronic kidney disease. Phosphate up regulated TGF-?1 in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). TGF-?1 decreased the markers of VSMCs, but increased osteogenic markers and calcification in aortic segments. The phosphate-induced osteogenic markers were reduced by the TGF?R I inhibitor (LY364947), which also attenuated the potential of phosphate to reduce VSMC markers in VSMCs. Both phosphate and TGF-?1 increased the protein level of ?-catenin, which was partially mitigated by LY364947. TGF-?1 decreased sclerostin, and exogenous sclerostin decreased the mineralization induced by TGF-?1. LY364947 reduced the phosphate and TGF-?1 induced COX-2. Meanwhile, the effects of TGF-?1 on osteogenic markers, ?-catenin, and sclerostin, were partially reversed by the COX-2 inhibitor. Mechanistically, we found that p-Smad2/3 and p-CREB were both enriched at the promoter regions of sclerostin and ?-catenin. TGF-?1 and COX-2 were significantly elevated in serum and aorta of rats undergoing renal failure. Therapeutic administration of meloxicam effectively ameliorated the renal lesion. Our results suggested that COX-2 may mediate the effect of TGF-?1 on vascular calcification through down-regulating sclerostin in VMSCs.
SUBMITTER: He F
PROVIDER: S-EPMC7695383 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Nov
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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