Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the diagnosis, management and prognosis of infective endocarditis.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Escola-Verge L
PROVIDER: S-EPMC7695946 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Similar Datasets
Project description:ObjectivesSymptomatic neurological complications (NC) are a major cause of mortality in infective endocarditis (IE) but the impact of asymptomatic complications is unknown. We aimed to assess the impact of asymptomatic NC (AsNC) on the management and prognosis of IE.MethodsFrom the database of cases collected for a population-based study on IE, we selected 283 patients with definite left-sided IE who had undergone at least one neuroimaging procedure (cerebral CT scan and/or MRI) performed as part of initial evaluation.ResultsAmong those 283 patients, 100 had symptomatic neurological complications (SNC) prior to the investigation, 35 had an asymptomatic neurological complications (AsNC), and 148 had a normal cerebral imaging (NoNC). The rate of valve surgery was 43% in the 100 patients with SNC, 77% in the 35 with AsNC, and 54% in the 148 with NoNC (p<0.001). In-hospital mortality was 42% in patients with SNC, 8.6% in patients with AsNC, and 16.9% in patients with NoNC (p<0.001). Among the 135 patients with NC, 95 had an indication for valve surgery (71%), which was performed in 70 of them (mortality 20%) and not performed in 25 (mortality 68%). In a multivariate adjusted analysis of the 135 patients with NC, age, renal failure, septic shock, and IE caused by S. aureus were independently associated with in-hospital and 1-year mortality. In addition SNC was an independent predictor of 1-year mortality.ConclusionsThe presence of NC was associated with a poorer prognosis when symptomatic. Patients with AsNC had the highest rate of valve surgery and the lowest mortality rate, which suggests a protective role of surgery guided by systematic neuroimaging results.
| S-EPMC4939966 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionInfective endocarditis and mycotic tibioperoneal aneurysms are rare complications of COVID-19 infection. Medical therapy may not always be sufficient to reduce the high morbidity and mortality associated with these cardiovascular complications. Surgical treatment may need to be considered in such patients.ReportA 56 year old male patient with diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidaemia developed severe pneumonia from COVID-19 infection. He was admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) at another facility where he was ventilated for a period of six weeks. Blood culture isolated coagulase-negative Staphylococcus and an echocardiogram showed a 1.4 × 1.5 cm mitral valve vegetation. He was treated for a period of 12 weeks with various antibiotic combinations including meropenem, levofloxacin, and teicoplanin with no improvement. On presentation at the current centre, he complained of painful right calf swelling. Computed tomography angiography showed a 7 cm right tibioperoneal trunk aneurysm. He underwent lung and cardiac assessment, following which it was decided to proceed with one stage synchronous surgery. Cardiac surgery was started through a median sternotomy and Guiraudon transeptal approach, with mitral valve replacement using a bioprosthesis (Edwards Magna, size 29). This was immediately followed by a medial lower limb approach with ligation of the aneurysm, followed by arterial reconstruction using a reversed saphenous vein graft from the superficial femoral artery to the posterior tibial artery. He was placed on intravenous vancomycin and ceftriaxone for a period of six weeks. He was discharged home after day 31 on 75 mg aspirin daily. At six month follow up, he was symptom free with a palpable posterior tibial pulse.DiscussionIncreased awareness and close surveillance are necessary for patients with severe COVID-19 infection. In those who develop unusual cardiovascular complications, one stage cardiac and vascular surgery may be feasible, as described in this case.
| S-EPMC10594545 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background:Infective endocarditis (IE) remains a severe disease with a high mortality rate. Therefore, guidelines encourage the setup of a multidisciplinary group in reference centers. The present study evaluated the impact of this "Endocarditis Team" (ET). Methods:We conducted a monocentric observational study at Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France, between 2012 and 2017. The primary end point was in-hospital mortality. Secondary end points were 6-month and 1-year mortality, surgery rate, time to surgical procedure, duration of effective antibiotic therapy, length of in-hospital stay, and sequelae. We also assessed predictors of in-hospital mortality. Results:We analyzed 391 episodes of IE. In the post-ET period, there was a nonsignificant decrease in in-hospital mortality (20.3% vs 14.7%, respectively; P = .27) and sequelae, along with a significant reduction in time to surgery (16.4 vs 10.3 days, respectively; P = .049), duration of antibiotic therapy (55.2 vs 47.2 days, respectively; P < .001), and length of in-hospital stay (40.6 vs 31.9 days, respectively; P < .01). In a multivariate analysis, the post-ET period was positively associated with survival (odds ratio, 0.45; 95% confidence interval, 0.20-0.96; P = .048). Conclusions:This multidisciplinary approach exerted a positive impact on the management of IE and should be considered in all hospitals managing IE.
| S-EPMC6735925 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundDuring the COVID-19 outbreak, cardiovascular imaging, especially transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE), may expose healthcare personnel to virus contamination and should be performed only if strictly necessary. On the other hand, transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and TOE represent the first-line imaging exams for the diagnosis of infective endocarditis (IE). To date, this is the first case of COVID-19 complicated by IE.Case summaryWe present the case of a 57-year-old man with severe COVID-19 pneumonia requiring mechanical ventilation. During the intensive care unit (ICU) stay, he developed fever and positive haemocoltures for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection. TTE did not identify endocardial vegetations. TOE was then performed and outlined IE of the aortic valve on the non-coronary cusp. Antibiotic therapy was given with progressive resolution of the septic state and improvement of inflammatory signs. After 30 days of ICU stay, the patient was transferred to the Sub-ICU and then to a rehabilitation hospital. A close follow-up has been scheduled: after full recovery, a new echocardiography will be performed (TTE and TOE, if the former is non-conclusive) to consider surgical valve repair in the case of persistence/progression of the valvular lesion or deterioration of the valve function.DiscussionIn COVID-19 patients, echocardiography remains the leading imaging exam for the diagnosis of IE. If the suspicion of IE is high, even in this setting of patients, TTE or TOE (if TTE is non-conclusive) are mandatory. A high degree of attention must be paid and appropriate preventive measures taken to avoid contamination of healthcare personnel.
| S-EPMC7717232 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Primary outcome(s): The incidence of obstructive colorectal cancer
| 2656898 | ecrin-mdr-crc
Project description:BackgroundInfective endocarditis (IE) in older patients is associated with a high morbidity, mortality, and functional impairment. The purpose of this study was to describe the current profile of IE in octogenarians and to analyze the prognostic impact of baseline comorbidities in this population.MethodsPatients ≥ 80 years and definite IE from the Spanish IE Prospective Database were included. The effect of Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) on in-hospital and 12-month mortality was analyzed.ResultsFrom 726 patients, 357 (49%) had CCI ≥ 3 and 369 (51%) CCI < 3. A total of 265 patients (36.6%) died during hospital admission and 338 (45.5%) during 1-year follow-up. CCI ≥ 3 was an independent predictor of in-hospital and 1-year mortality (odds ratio 1.46, 95% confidence interval 1.07-1.99, p = 0.017; hazard ratio 1.34, 95% confidence interval 1.08-1.66, p = 0.007, respectively). Surgical management was less common in patients with high comorbidity (CCI ≥ 3 68 [19.0%] vs. CCI < 3 112 ((30.4%) patients, p < 0.01). From 443 patients with surgical indication, surgery was only performed in 176 (39.7%). Patients with surgical indication treated conservatively had higher mortality than those treated with surgery (in-hospital mortality: 147 (55.1%) vs. 55 (31.3%), p < 0.001), (1-year mortality: 172 (64.4%) vs. 68 [38.6%], p < 0.001).ConclusionAbout half of octogenarians with IE had high comorbidity with CCI ≥ 3. CCI ≥ 3 was a strong independent predictor of in-hospital and 1-year mortality. Our data suggest that the underperformance of cardiac surgery in this group of patients might have a role in their poor prognosis.
| S-EPMC9267499 | biostudies-literature
Project description:A 74-year-old man with no co-morbidities presented to hospital with a 3-day history of diarrhoea and vomiting. He met the modified Duke's criteria for definite infective endocarditis and was immediately started on an intravenous antibiotic. Over Days 1-9, he developed renal failure. On Day 10, he was transferred to a tertiary hospital for mitral valve replacement. However, he tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 on arrival at the tertiary hospital, which delayed his surgery. He underwent bi-weekly nasopharyngeal swabs for SARS-CoV-2 with a plan to operate as soon as he tested negative, or as soon as his incubation period for COVID-19 pneumonia had elapsed. Unfortunately, he died on Day 31 from acute respiratory distress syndrome secondary to COVID-19 pneumonia. We describe the challenges in deciding on the optimal timing for valve replacement. We conclude by suggesting that earlier valve replacement may result in better outcomes.
| S-EPMC8713583 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Screening programs have been associated with a substantial reduction in colorectal cancer (CRC) mortality through endoscopic resection of preneoplastic lesions and detection of early-stage invasive cancers.
In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared as a pandemic the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2. Since then, the SARS-CoV-2 have never stopped spreading, causing an unprecedented situation with highly restrictive considerations to be adopted by the majority of countries worldwide.
Health-care facilities have been making an enormous effort to assist patients affected by COVID-19, while adopting measures to maintain a safe environment for patients and healthcare professionals. As a result, the usual workflow in endoscopy departments changed dramatically, leading to an increase in cancelled procedures, probably increasing the future burden of Colorectal Cancer due to delays in diagnosis.
| 2358399 | ecrin-mdr-crc
Project description:BackgroundEffects of malnutrition on patients with infective endocarditis (IE) have not been fully studied. Because malnutrition is associated with poor health, we hypothesized that among patients with IE, those with malnutrition would have more negative in-hospital outcomes.MethodsThe National Inpatient Sample was used to identify adults ≥18 years old with IE. We compared outcomes of in-hospital mortality, morbidity, valvular interventions, and utilization of resources between individuals with and without malnutrition.Results11,939 adults ≥18 years were hospitalized with IE, 2035 had a secondary diagnosis for malnutrition. There were no significant differences in age (mean age ± SEM: 55.6 ± 1.0 vs 54.3 ± 0.4 years, P = .21) or sex (female: 36.7%; 743/2,035 vs 37.5%; 3,717/9,904, P = .69) in patients with and without malnutrition. Patients with malnutrition had more comorbidities (Charlson comorbidity score ≥3: 36%; 732/2,035 vs 30.7%; 3,040/9,904, P = .04). Despite similar adjusted in-hospital mortality (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.4; 95% CI, 0.8-1.5; P = .23), malnourished patients were more likely to develop sepsis (aOR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.2-2.4; P < .01) and had higher odds of mitral-valve (aOR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.2-2.4; P < .01) repairs/replacements. Patients with malnutrition also had increased lengths of stay (adjusted mean difference [aMD], 4.7 days; 95% CI, 2.9-6.5 days; P < .01) and hospital charges (aMD, $36,052; 95% CI, $14,935-$57,168; P < .01).ConclusionsPatients with malnutrition and IE are at risk for high morbidity, valvular repairs/replacements, and use of hospital resources.
| S-EPMC8381368 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background: The interplay between cancer and IE has become of increasing interest. This study sought to assess the prevalence, baseline characteristics, management, and outcomes of IE cancer patients in the ESC EORP EURO-ENDO registry. Methods: Three thousand and eighty-five patients with IE were identified based on the ESC 2015 criteria. Three hundred and fifty-nine (11.6%) IE cancer patients were compared to 2,726 (88.4%) cancer-free IE patients. Results: In cancer patients, IE was mostly community-acquired (74.8%). The most frequently identified microorganisms were S. aureus (25.4%) and Enterococci (23.8%). The most frequent complications were acute renal failure (25.9%), embolic events (21.7%) and congestive heart failure (18.1%). Theoretical indication for cardiac surgery was not significantly different between groups (65.5 vs. 69.8%, P = 0.091), but was effectively less performed when indicated in IE patients with cancer (65.5 vs. 75.0%, P = 0.002). Compared to cancer-free IE patients, in-hospital and 1-year mortality occurred in 23.4 vs. 16.1%, P = 0.006, and 18.0 vs. 10.2%; P < 0.001, respectively. In IE cancer patients, predictors of mortality by multivariate analysis were creatinine > 2 mg/dL, congestive heart failure and unperformed cardiac surgery (when indicated). Conclusions: Cancer in IE patients is common and associated with a worse outcome. This large, observational cohort provides new insights concerning the contemporary profile, management, and clinical outcomes of IE cancer patients across a wide range of countries.
| S-EPMC8631931 | biostudies-literature