Dataset Information

Comparative Effects of Flaxseed Sources on the Egg ALA Deposition and Hepatic Gene Expression in Hy-Line Brown Hens.

ABSTRACT: Healthy diets are necessary for both humans and animals, including poultry. These diets contain various nutrients for maintenance and production in laying hens. Therefore, research was undertaken to explore the efficiency of various dietary flaxseed sources on the n-3 deposition in the egg yolk and gene expression in laying hens. Five dietary groups were analyzed, i.e., (i) a corn-based diet with no flaxseed (FS) as a negative control (NC), (ii) a wheat-based diet supplemented with 10% whole FS without multi-carbohydrase enzymes (MCE) as a positive control (PC), (iii) ground FS supplemented with MCE (FS), (iv) extruded flaxseed meal was supplemented with MCE (EFM), (v) flaxseed oil supplemented with MCE (FSO). Results indicated that egg weight was highest in the NC, FS, EFM, and FSO groups as compared to PC in the 12th week. Egg mass was higher in enzyme supplemented groups as compared to the PC group, but lower than NC. In the 12th week, the HDEP (hen day egg production) was highest in the FS and EFM groups as compared to FSO, PC, and NC. The FCR (feed conversion ratio) was better in enzyme supplemented groups as compared to the PC group. Enzyme addition enhanced the egg quality as compared to PC in the 12th week. The HDL-C (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) was increased, while LDL-C (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), VLDL-C (very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), TC (total cholesterol), and TG (total triglycerides) were reduced in the enzyme supplemented groups as compared to PC and NC. The FSO deposit more n-3 PUFA and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the egg yolk as compared to FS and EFM groups. The expression of ACOX1, LCPT1, FADS1, FADS2, and ELOV2 genes were upregulated, while PPAR-? was downregulated in the FSO group. The LPL mRNA expression was upregulated in the FS, EFM, and FSO groups as compared to the PC and NC groups. It was inferred that FSO with enzymes at 2.5% is cost-effective, improves the hen performances, upregulated the fatty acid metabolism and ?-oxidation genes expression, and efficiently deposits optimal n-3 PUFA in the egg as per consumer's demand.

SUBMITTER: Shahid MS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7696904 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Comparative Effects of Flaxseed Sources on the Egg ALA Deposition and Hepatic Gene Expression in Hy-Line Brown Hens.

Shahid Muhammad Suhaib MS Raza Tausif T Wu Yuqin Y Hussain Mangi Mazhar M Nie Wei W Yuan Jianmin J

Foods (Basel, Switzerland) 20201114 11

Healthy diets are necessary for both humans and animals, including poultry. These diets contain various nutrients for maintenance and production in laying hens. Therefore, research was undertaken to explore the efficiency of various dietary flaxseed sources on the n-3 deposition in the egg yolk and gene expression in laying hens. Five dietary groups were analyzed, i.e., (i) a corn-based diet with no flaxseed (FS) as a negative control (NC), (ii) a wheat-based diet supplemented with 10% whole FS ...[more]

PMID: 33202556

Similar Datasets

Project description:Body phosphorus homeostasis network allows laying hens to adapt to wide range of changes in dietary phosphorus levels. Phytase hydrolyzes phytate rendering phosphorus and reduces the laying hens' requirements for inorganic phosphate rock. Here, we demonstrate that there is no need to keep large safety margins in dietary phosphorus when hens are fed with phytase. Hy-Line Brown laying hens (n = 504) were randomly assigned to 7 treatments (6 replicates of 12 birds). A corn-soybean meal-based diet, with no inorganic phosphate rock, was formulated to contain 0.12% nonphytate phosphorus (nPP), 3.8% calcium, and 2,000 FTU/kg phytase. Inorganic phosphate rock (di-calcium phosphate) was supplemented into the basal diet to create 6 other diets containing 0.17, 0.22, 0.27, 0.32, 0.37, and 0.42% nPP. Levels of calcium carbonate and zeolite powder were adjusted to make sure all the 7 experimental diets contained the same nutrition levels (including calcium and phytase) except nPP. The diets were subjected to laying hens from 29 to 40 wk of age. As a result, when supplemented with 2,000 FTU/kg phytase, extra supplementation of inorganic phosphate rock had no effects (P > 0.05) on serum phosphorus levels, serum calcium levels, laying performance (laying rate, egg weight, feed intake, feed-to-egg ratio, and unqualified egg rate), egg quality (shell thickness, shell strength, albumen height, yolk color, and Haugh unit), and tibia quality parameters (breaking strength and ash, calcium, and phosphorus contents). Extra supplementation of inorganic phosphate rock linearly increased (P < 0.01) fecal phosphorus excretion and linearly decreased (P = 0.032) the apparent metabolizability of dietary phosphorus. While serum hormones and intestine gene expressions were varied within treatments, no consistent changes were found. In conclusion, the supplementation of inorganic phosphate rock (provided 0.05-0.30% extra nPP) to phytase-containing basal diets (2,000 FTU/kg; nPP = 0.12%) provided limited benefits to egg production performance in laying hens from 29 to 40 wk of age. Further investigating the body phosphorus homeostasis would help to understand the nutritional and physiological reasonability of formulating low-phosphorus diets in the laying hen industry.

Project description:In avian species, liver lipid metabolism plays an important role in egg laying performance. Previous studies indicate that betaine supplementation in laying hens improves egg production. However, it remains unclear if betaine improves laying performance by affecting hepatic lipid metabolism and what mechanisms are involved. We fed laying hens a 0.5% betaine-supplemented diet for 4 wks to investigate its effect on hepatic lipids metabolism in vivo and confirmed its mechanism via in vitro experiments using embryonic chicken hepatocytes. Results showed that betaine supplemented diet enhanced laying production by 4.3% compared with normal diet, accompanied with increased liver and plasma triacylglycerol concentrations (P < 0.05) in hens. Simultaneously, key genes involved in hepatic lipid synthesis, such as sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP-1), fatty acid synthase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, and stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) were markedly upregulated at the mRNA level (P < 0.05). Western blot results showed that SREBP-1 and SCD1 protein levels were also increased (P < 0.05). Moreover, mRNA expression of main apolipoprotein components of yolk-targeted lipoproteins, apolipoprotein B (ApoB) and apolipoprotein-V1 (ApoV1), in addition to microsomal triglyceride transfer proteins, which is closely related to the synthesis and release of very-low density lipoprotein, were also markedly elevated (P < 0.05). Methylated DNA immunoprecipitation combined with PCR detects reduction of methylation levels in certain regions of the above gene promoters. Chromatin immunoprecipitation PCR assays showed increased binding of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) to SREBP1 and ApoB gene promoters. Similar results of ApoV1 gene expression were obtained from cultured hepatocytes treated with betaine. Additionally, betaine increased the expression of GR and some genes involved in methionine cycle in vitro. These results suggest that betaine supplementation could alter the expression of liver lipid synthesis and transport-related genes by modifying the methylation status and GR binding on their promoter and hence promote the synthesis and release of yolk precursor substances in the liver.

Project description:The use of toxic and less bioavailable inorganic selenium can now be supplemented with an alternative organic source from bacterial species in nutrition for human and animal benefit. This study investigated the effects of selenium sources on laying performance, egg quality characteristics, intestinal morphology, caecum microbial population, and digesta volatile fatty acids in laying hens. One hundred and forty-four Lohman Brown Classic laying hens, at 23 weeks of age, were divided into four experimental groups (36 hens in each), differing in form of Se supplementation: no Se supplementation (Con), 0.3 mg/kg of inorganic Se in the form of sodium selenite (Na2SeO3), 0.3 mg/kg of organic Se from selenium yeast (Se-Yeast), and 0.3 mg/kg of organic Se from Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (bacterial organic Se, ADS18). The results showed that different dietary Se sources significantly affected laying rate, average egg weight, daily egg mass, feed conversion ratio (FCR), and live bodyweight (LBW) (p < 0.05). However, average daily feed intake and shell-less and broken eggs were unaffected (p > 0.05) among the treatment groups. The findings revealed that selenium sources had no (p > 0.05) effect on egg quality (external and internal) parameters. However, eggshell breaking strength and Haugh unit were significantly (p < 0.05) improved with organic (ADS18 or Se-yeast) Se-fed hens compared to the control group. In addition, egg yolk and breast tissue Se concentrations were higher (p < 0.05) in the dietary Se supplemented group compared to the control. Intestinal histomorphology revealed that hens fed ADS18 or Se-Yeast groups had significantly (p < 0.05) higher villi height in the duodenum and jejunum compared to those fed Na2SeO3 or a basal diet. However, when compared to organic Se fed (ADS18 or Se-Yeast) hens, the ileum villus height was higher (p < 0.05) in the basal diet group; with the lowest in the SS among the treatment groups. A significant increase (p < 0.05) of Lactobacilli spp. and Bifidobacteria spp., and a decrease of Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. population were observed in the organic (ADS18 or Se-yeast) compared to inorganic supplemented and control hens. The individual digesta volatile fatty acid (VFA) was significantly different, but with no total VFA differences. Thus, bacterial selenoprotein or Se-yeast improved the performance index, egg quality characteristics, egg yolk and tissue Se contents, and intestinal villus height in laying hens. Moreover, caecum beneficial microbes increased with a decrease in the harmful microbe population and affected individual cecal volatile fatty acids without affecting the total VFA of the laying hens digesta.

Dataset Information

Comparative Effects of Flaxseed Sources on the Egg ALA Deposition and Hepatic Gene Expression in Hy-Line Brown Hens.

Publications

Comparative Effects of Flaxseed Sources on the Egg ALA Deposition and Hepatic Gene Expression in Hy-Line Brown Hens.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets