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Persistence of monocyte activation under treatment in people followed since acute HIV-1 infection relative to participants at high or low risk of HIV infection.

ABSTRACT: Background: Interpretation of the increase in certain inflammatory markers in virally suppressed HIV-infected individuals must rely on an appropriate uninfected control group well characterized for non-HIV-related factors that contribute to chronic inflammation, e.g. smoking, alcohol consumption, or being overweight. We compared the inflammatory profiles of HIV-infected participants under long-term antiretroviral therapy (ART) with those of two HIV-uninfected groups with contrasting health behaviours.

Methods: We studied 150 HIV-infected participants (42 women, 108 men) under long-term ART (median, 6 years) followed in the ANRS PRIMO cohort since acute/early HIV-1 infection (AHI) diagnosis. Sex and age-matched controls were sampled from i) the ANRS IPERGAY pre-exposure prophylaxis trial among men at high risk for HIV infection and with high frequencies of non-HIV factors of inflammation ii) the ANRS COHVAC cohort of volunteers in vaccine trials with a low-risk profile for HIV infection. We measured the plasma levels of ten inflammatory markers.

Findings: After adjusting for smoking, alcohol use and body mass index, both HIV-infected men and women had higher levels of sCD14, sCD163, sTNFRII and I-FABP than their high-risk IPERGAY and low-risk COHVAC counterparts. Hierarchical clustering showed a subset of 15 PRIMO participants to have an inflammatory profile similar to that of most HIV-negative participants. These participants already had favourable markers at AHI diagnosis.

Interpretation: Long-term ART, even when initiated at a low level of immunodeficiency, fails to normalize monocyte/macrophage activation and gut epithelial dysfunction. Persistent inflammation under treatment may be related to an increased inflammatory profile since AHI.

Funding: ANRS and Paris-Saclay University.

SUBMITTER: Novelli S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7704414 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Persistence of monocyte activation under treatment in people followed since acute HIV-1 infection relative to participants at high or low risk of HIV infection.

Novelli Sophie S Lécuroux Camille C Goujard Cécile C Reynes Jacques J Villemant Agnès A Blum Laurent L Essat Asma A Avettand-Fenoël Véronique V Launay Odile O Molina Jean-Michel JM Bourgeois Christine C Meyer Laurence L

EBioMedicine 20201126

<h4>Background</h4>Interpretation of the increase in certain inflammatory markers in virally suppressed HIV-infected individuals must rely on an appropriate uninfected control group well characterized for non-HIV-related factors that contribute to chronic inflammation, e.g. smoking, alcohol consumption, or being overweight. We compared the inflammatory profiles of HIV-infected participants under long-term antiretroviral therapy (ART) with those of two HIV-uninfected groups with contrasting healt ...[more]

PMID: 33248370

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Dataset Information

Persistence of monocyte activation under treatment in people followed since acute HIV-1 infection relative to participants at high or low risk of HIV infection.

Publications

Persistence of monocyte activation under treatment in people followed since acute HIV-1 infection relative to participants at high or low risk of HIV infection.

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