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Association of environmental factors and high HFMD occurrence in northern Thailand.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:The major population vulnerable to hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is children aged less than 5?years, particularly those who are cared for at day care centers (DCCs). This study aimed to assess the associations of environmental and sanitation factors with high HFMD occurrence rates in DCCs of northern Thailand. METHODS:A case-control study was used to gather information from caregivers and local government administrative officers. DCCs in areas with high and low HFMD occurrence rates were the settings for this study. A validated questionnaire was used to collect environmental and sanitation information from the DCCs. In-depth interviews were used to collect information from selected participants who were working at DCCs and from local government administrative officers on the HFMD capacity and prevention and control strategies in DCCs. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the associations between many environmental factors and HFMD at the ??=?0.05 significance level while the content analysis was used to extract information from the interviews. RESULTS:Two variables were found to be associated with a high rate of HFMD occurrence: the number of sinks available in restrooms and the DCC size. Children attending DCCs that did not meet the standard in terms of the number of sinks in restrooms had a greater chance of contracting HFMD than children who were attending DCCs that met the standard (AOR?=?4.21; 95% CI?=?1.13-15.04). Children who were attending a large-sized DCC had a greater chance of contracting HFMD than those attending a small-sized DCC (AOR?=?3.28; 95% CI?=?1.21-5.18). The yearly budget allocation and the strategies for HFMD control and prevention, including collaborations among stakeholders for HFMD control and prevention in DCCs, were associated with the effectiveness of HFMD control and prevention. CONCLUSIONS:The number of sinks in restrooms and DCC size are major concerns for HFMD outbreaks. Sufficient budget allocation and good collaboration contribute to effective strategies for preventing and controlling HFMD in DCCs.

SUBMITTER: Laor P

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7706220 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Association of environmental factors and high HFMD occurrence in northern Thailand.

Laor Pussadee P Apidechkul Tawatchai T Khunthason Siriyaporn S Keawdounglek Vivat V Sudsandee Suntorn S Fakkaew Krailak K Siriratruengsuk Weerayuth W

BMC public health 20201130 1

<h4>Background</h4>The major population vulnerable to hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is children aged less than 5 years, particularly those who are cared for at day care centers (DCCs). This study aimed to assess the associations of environmental and sanitation factors with high HFMD occurrence rates in DCCs of northern Thailand.<h4>Methods</h4>A case-control study was used to gather information from caregivers and local government administrative officers. DCCs in areas with high and low HF ...[more]

PMID: 33256665

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Project description:BackgroundCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) causes more deaths in older adults than in younger adults. Older adults are a vulnerable group with a high need for coronavirus vaccines to decrease the severity of the disease. The aim of this analytical cross-sectional study was to determine the factors influencing third COVID-19 vaccine booster dose acceptance among older adults in northern Thailand.MethodsThe study samples were composed of 2,155 older adults living in Kamphaeng Phet Province, northern Thailand. They were randomly selected by multistage random sampling. Data were collected in a self-administered questionnaire consisting of 7 parts: (1) personal factors, (2) knowledge about COVID-19, (3) perceived susceptibility to COVID-19 infection, (4) perceived severity of COVID-19, (5) perceived benefits of the third COVID-19 vaccine booster dose, (6) perceived barriers to the third COVID-19 vaccine booster dose vaccination, and (7) the third COVID-19 vaccine booster dose acceptance. Data were analyzed via frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and binary logistic regression. All the significance levels were set to 0.05.ResultsThe results indicated that only 28.5% of older adults accepted the third COVID-19 vaccine booster dose. The factors influencing third COVID-19 vaccine booster dose acceptance among older adults included 5 variables. The participants aged ≥ 70 years was 1.37 times (95%CI = 1.12-1.69) greater than those aged < 70 years who accepted the vaccine. Participants who were married were more likely to accept the vaccine by 1.39 times (95%CI = 1.09-1.79) compared with single individuals. Those with underlying diseases tended to accept the vaccine by 1.56 times (95%CI = 1.26-1.92) more than those without underlying diseases. Those who had high perceived benefit from the COVID-19 vaccine possibly accepted the vaccine by 1.50 times (95%CI = 1.10-2.04) more than those with low perceived benefit, and those who had a low perceived barrier to the third COVID-19 booster dose vaccination seemed to accept the vaccine by 1.29 times (95%CI = 1.01-1.52) more than those with a high perceived benefit.ConclusionOlder adults should receive health education regarding the perceived benefit of the COVID-19 vaccine and the perceived barrier to COVID-19 vaccination, especially older adults aged < 70 years, those who are single, and those who are free of underlying diseases.

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Association of environmental factors and high HFMD occurrence in northern Thailand.

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Association of environmental factors and high HFMD occurrence in northern Thailand.

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