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The complete mitogenome of Hong Kong paradise fish (Macropodus hongkongensis), an endemic freshwater fish in South China.

ABSTRACT: The first complete mitogenome of Hong Kong paradise fish (Macropodus hongkongensis) was determined in this study. The assembled mitogenome is 16,494?bp and consisted of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNAs, 2 rRNAs, and a control region. Nucleotide composition of the complete mitogenome is 30.6% A, 24.8% C, 14.8% G, and 29.8% T, with an A?+?T bias of 60.4%. The maximum-likelihood tree based on 13 protein-coding genes showed that M. erythropterus was the closest related species to M. hongkongensis.

SUBMITTER: Liu H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7706895 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The complete mitogenome of Hong Kong paradise fish (Macropodus hongkongensis), an endemic freshwater fish in South China.

Liu Hongyi H Xu Nan N Yang Jing J Zhang Qingzheng Q Zuo Ke K Lv Fangzhong F

Mitochondrial DNA. Part B, Resources 20190906 2

The first complete mitogenome of Hong Kong paradise fish (Macropodus hongkongensis) was determined in this study. The assembled mitogenome is 16,494 bp and consisted of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNAs, 2 rRNAs, and a control region. Nucleotide composition of the complete mitogenome is 30.6% A, 24.8% C, 14.8% G, and 29.8% T, with an A + T bias of 60.4%. The maximum-likelihood tree based on 13 protein-coding genes showed that M. erythropterus was the closest related species to M ...[more]

PMID: 33365757

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Project description:Four bacterial isolates were recovered from the blood cultures of four patients, two of whom were from Hong Kong and two of whom were from Canada. The two Hong Kong strains were isolated from a 48-year-old man with intestinal obstruction and secondary sepsis (strain HKU16T) and from a 39-year-old man with acute appendicitis (strain HKU17), while the two Canadian strains were isolated from a 74-year-old man with biliary sepsis (strain CA1) and from a 66-year-old woman with metastatic carcinoma and sepsis (strain CA2). While the first three patients survived, the last patient died 2 weeks after the episode of bacteremia. All four isolates are strictly anaerobic, nonsporulating, gram-positive coccobacilli that were unidentified by conventional phenotypic tests and commercial identification systems. They grow on sheep blood agar as nonhemolytic pinpoint colonies after 48 h of incubation at 37 degrees C in an anaerobic environment. All are catalase positive and motile, with flagella. They produce acid from arabinose, glucose, mannose, and xylose. They do not produce indole or reduce nitrate. They are sensitive to penicillin, vancomycin, and metronidazole but resistant to cefotaxime. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed 16.0%, 16.8%, and 21.0% base differences from Clostridium propionicum, Clostridium neopropionicum, and Atopobium minutum, respectively. The G+C content of strain HKU16T is 40.2% +/- 2.2%. Based on their phylogenetic affiliation, unique G+C content, and phenotypic characteristics, we propose a new genus and species, Catabacter hongkongensis gen. nov., sp. nov., to describe the bacterium, for which HKU16 is the type strain, and suggest that it be assigned to a new family, Catabacteriaceae. The gastrointestinal tract was probably the source of the bacterium for at least three of the four patients. The isolation of a catalase-positive, motile, nonsporulating, anaerobic gram-positive bacillus in clinical laboratories should raise the possibility of C. hongkongensis. Further studies should be performed to ascertain the epidemiology and other disease associations of this bacterium.

Project description:This study identified and characterized extended-spectrum-?-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) from farmed freshwater fish and pig offal procured from the wet markets across Hong Kong. During March 2018 to January 2019, 730 food animal samples, namely, 213 snakehead fish, 198 black carp, and 339 pig organs, were examined. ESBL-E and CPE were isolated from the homogenized samples plated on selective media and identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). All ESBL-E and CPE strains were tested for antimicrobial susceptibilities. ESBL-E and CPE gene groups were detected by multiplex PCR and bla CTX-M-1/-2/-9 group strains were Sanger sequenced for CTX-M types. All CPE isolates were whole-genome sequenced. Isolation of ESBL-E from pig small (52.4%) and large (50%) intestines and tongues (25.1%) was significantly (P < 0.05) more frequent than from snakehead (0.94%) and black carp (0.5%) fish. ESBL-E isolates (n?=?171) revealed resistance rates of 16.3%, 29.8%, 35.6%, 53.2%, 55.0%, and 100% to piperacillin-tazobactam, amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefepime, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, and ampicillin, respectively, whereas CPE (n?=?28) were resistant to almost all the antibiotics tested except gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, and fosfomycin. The predominant ESBL gene groups in fishes and pig offals were bla CTX, where bla CTX-M-55 was the major subtype in the bla CTX-M-1 group (64.4% of isolates in the group). bla CTX-M-14/-17 was the major genotype in the bla CTX-M-9 group (32.2%). All CPE strains possessed bla NDM genes. High rates of ESBL-E and CPE were identified in food animals from wet markets of Hong Kong, which may serve as a potential reservoir of antimicrobial-resistant genes and increase the challenges in tackling antimicrobial resistance beyond health care settings.IMPORTANCE Extended-spectrum-?-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) are of global health importance, yet there is a paucity of surveillance studies on food animals in Hong Kong. Here, we report a high prevalence of ESBL-E (ranging from 0.5% to 52.4%) and CPE (0% to 9.9%) from various food animal samples procured from wet markets across Hong Kong. All CPE strains were characterized by whole-genome sequencing and possessed NDM-1 and -5 genes and other resistance determinants. Given the increased resistance profile of these strains, this study highlights the emerging threat of ESBL-E and CPE disseminated in farmed animals. Furthermore, our data enriched our understanding of antibiotic resistance reservoirs from a One Health perspective that can widely spread across various niches, beyond health care settings.

Dataset Information

The complete mitogenome of Hong Kong paradise fish (Macropodus hongkongensis), an endemic freshwater fish in South China.

Publications

The complete mitogenome of Hong Kong paradise fish (<i>Macropodus hongkongensis</i>), an endemic freshwater fish in South China.

Similar Datasets

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