Dataset Information

Marker assisted improvement of low soil phosphorus tolerance in the bacterial blight resistant, fine-grain type rice variety, Improved Samba Mahsuri.

ABSTRACT: Improved-Samba-Mahsuri (ISM), a high-yielding, popular bacterial blight resistant (possessing Xa21, xa13, and xa5), fine-grain type, low glycemic index rice variety is highly sensitive to low soil phosphorus (P). We have deployed marker-assisted backcross breeding (MABB) approach for targeted transfer of Pup1, a major QTL associated with low soil P tolerance, using Swarna as a donor. A new co-dominant marker, K20-1-1, which is specific for Pup1 was designed and used for foreground selection along with functional markers specific for the bacterial blight resistance genes, Xa21, xa13, and xa5. A set of 66 polymorphic SSR marker were used for the background selection along with a pair of flanking markers for the recombination selection in backcross derived progenies and in BC₂F₂ generation, 12 plants, which are homozygous for Pup1, all the three bacterial blight resistance genes and possessing agro-morphological traits equivalent to or better than ISM were selected and selfed to produce BC₂F₃s. They were evaluated in plots with low soil P and normal soil P at ICAR-IIRR, Hyderabad for their low soil P tolerance, and bacterial blight resistance and superior lines were advanced to BC₂F₆. One of the lines, when tested at multiple locations in India was found promising under both normal as well as low soil P conditions.

SUBMITTER: Swamy HKM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC7713241 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Marker assisted improvement of low soil phosphorus tolerance in the bacterial blight resistant, fine-grain type rice variety, Improved Samba Mahsuri.

Swamy H K Mahadeva HKM Anila M M Kale R R RR Rekha G G Bhadana V P VP Anantha M S MS Brajendra P P Balachiranjeevi C H CH Hajira S K SK Prasanna B Laxmi BL Pranathi K K Dilip T T Kousik M B V N MBVN Harika G G Surekha K K Kumar R Mahender RM Cheralu C C Shankar V Gouri VG Laha G S GS Prasad M S MS Rao L V Subba LVS Madhav M S MS Balachandran S M SM Sundaram R M RM

Scientific reports 20201203 1

Improved-Samba-Mahsuri (ISM), a high-yielding, popular bacterial blight resistant (possessing Xa21, xa13, and xa5), fine-grain type, low glycemic index rice variety is highly sensitive to low soil phosphorus (P). We have deployed marker-assisted backcross breeding (MABB) approach for targeted transfer of Pup1, a major QTL associated with low soil P tolerance, using Swarna as a donor. A new co-dominant marker, K20-1-1, which is specific for Pup1 was designed and used for foreground selection alon ...[more]

PMID: 33273616

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Project description:Bacterial blight (BB), caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae is one among the major diseases in rice, which in severe condition cause losses up to 60% in total yield. Marker assisted pyramiding of three broad spectrum BB resistance genes (xa5, xa13, and Xa21) in prominent rice varieties is the most economical and effective strategy for the management of the BB disease. We report here the pyramiding of three genes (xa5, xa13, and Xa21) in maintainer lines (CO 2B, CO 23B, and CO 24B) of three promising wild abortive cytoplasmic male sterile lines (CO 2A, CO 23A, and CO 24A) through functional markers assisted back cross breeding. IRBB60 with xa5, xa13, and Xa21 genes is used as a donor parent. BC2F1 and BC2F2 generations from a cross of CO 2B, CO 23B, and CO 24B with IRBB60 were evaluated for bacterial blight and non-fertility restoration. In BC2F1, plants with all three resistance genes (xa5, xa13, and Xa21) and high parent genome recovery was identified. In BC2F2, plants with all resistance genes and without fertility restorer (Rf3 and Rf4) were selected. Based on agronomic traits, BB resistance and maintenance of sterility, two plants each in CO 2B × IRBB60, CO 24B × IRBB60 and one plant in CO 23B × IRBB60 combinations were identified. The identified lines were crossed with respective male sterile lines for conversion of improved B line into CMS line through back-crossing, in addition to selfing. The plants with high recurrent genome and phenotypically similar to parental lines and sterile are being used for the hybrid rice development program. Currently, using these lines (improved CMS line), test crosses were made to develop new rice hybrids. Hybrids combinations viz., CO 23A × AD08009R and CO 24A × IET20898R were found to be stable at different locations with high yield. The R line used in this study has been introgressed with xa5, xa13, and Xa21 genes in a separate breeding program. These new hybrids with resistance against bacterial blight will increase the crop production at BB environment.

Project description:Tainung82 (TNG82) is one of the most popular japonica varieties in Taiwan due to its relatively high yield and grain quality, however, TNG82 is susceptible to bacterial blight (BB) disease. The most economical and eco-friendly way to control BB disease in japonica is through the utilization of varieties that are resistant to the disease. In order to improve TNG82's resistance to BB disease, five bacterial blight resistance genes (Xa4, xa5, Xa7, xa13 and Xa21) were derived from a donor parent, IRBB66 and transferred into TNG82 via marker-assisted backcrossing breeding. Five BB-resistant gene-linked markers were integrated into the backcross breeding program in order to identify individuals possessing the five identified BB-resistant genes (Xa4, xa5, Xa7, xa13 and Xa21). The polymorphic markers between the donor and recurrent parent were used for background selection. Plants having maximum contribution from the recurrent parent genome were selected in each generation and crossed with the recipient parent. Selected BC3F1 plants were selfed in order to generate homozygous BC3F2 plants. Nine pyramided plants, possessing all five BB-resistant genes, were obtained. These individuals displayed a high level of resistance against the BB strain, XF89-b. Different BB gene pyramiding lines were also inoculated against the BB pathogen, resulting in more than three gene pyramided lines that exhibited high levels of resistance. The five identified BB gene pyramided lines exhibited yield levels and other desirable agronomic traits, including grain quality and palatability, consistent with TNG82. Bacterial blight-resistant lines possessing the five identified BB genes exhibited not only higher levels of resistance to the disease, but also greater yield levels and grain quality. Pyramiding multiple genes with potential characteristics into a single genotype through marker-assisted selection can improve the efficiency of generating new crop varieties exhibiting disease resistance, as well as other desirable traits.

Project description:BackgroundPhosphorus (P) fixation on aluminum (Al) and iron (Fe) oxides in soil clays restricts P availability for crops cultivated on highly weathered tropical soils, which are common in developing countries. Hence, P deficiency becomes a major obstacle for global food security. We used multi-trait quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping to study the genetic architecture of P efficiency and to explore the importance of root traits on sorghum grain yield on a tropical low-P soil.ResultsP acquisition efficiency was the most important component of P efficiency, and both traits were highly correlated with grain yield under low P availability. Root surface area was positively associated with grain yield. The guinea parent, SC283, contributed 58% of all favorable alleles detected by single-trait mapping. Multi-trait mapping detected 14 grain yield and/or root morphology QTLs. Tightly linked or pleiotropic QTL underlying the surface area of fine roots (1-2?mm in diameter) and grain yield were detected at positions 1-7 megabase pairs (Mb) and 71?Mb on chromosome 3, respectively, and a root diameter/grain yield QTL was detected at 7?Mb on chromosome 7. All these QTLs were near sorghum homologs of the rice serine/threonine kinase, OsPSTOL1. The SbPSTOL1 genes on chromosome 3, Sb03g006765 at 7?Mb and Sb03g031690 at 60?Mb were more highly expressed in SC283, which donated the favorable alleles at all QTLs found nearby SbPSTOL1 genes. The Al tolerance gene, SbMATE, may also influence a grain yield QTL on chromosome 3. Another PSTOL1-like gene, Sb07g02840, appears to enhance grain yield via small increases in root diameter. Co-localization analyses suggested a role for other genes, such as a sorghum homolog of the Arabidopsis ubiquitin-conjugating E2 enzyme, phosphate 2 (PHO2), on grain yield advantage conferred by the elite parent, BR007 allele.ConclusionsGenetic determinants conferring higher root surface area and slight increases in fine root diameter may favor P uptake, thereby enhancing grain yield under low-P availability in the soil. Molecular markers for SbPSTOL1 genes and for QTL increasing grain yield by non-root morphology-based mechanisms hold promise in breeding strategies aimed at developing sorghum cultivars adapted to low-P soils.

Dataset Information

Marker assisted improvement of low soil phosphorus tolerance in the bacterial blight resistant, fine-grain type rice variety, Improved Samba Mahsuri.

Publications

Marker assisted improvement of low soil phosphorus tolerance in the bacterial blight resistant, fine-grain type rice variety, Improved Samba Mahsuri.

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